{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/1-208.1.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/1-208.1.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/1-208.1.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/1-208.1.html"}],"law_id":76998,"edition_id":1,"section_id":76998,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-208.1","catch_line":"Carbon-free energy; clean energy","history":"2020, c. 811; 2025, cc. 140, 154.","full_text":"A\n\n&#8220;Carbon-free energy&#8221; or &#8220;clean energy&#8221; includes electric energy generated from a source that does not emit carbon dioxide into the atmosphere during the process of generating the electric energy, including electric energy generated by the conversion of sunlight, wind, falling water, wave motion, tides, geothermal, fusion energy, or nuclear energy.B\n\nAs used in this section, &#8220;fusion energy&#8221; means the energy generated through the process of fusing together atomic nuclei.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":276352,"text":"&#8220;Carbon-free energy&#8221; or &#8220;clean energy&#8221; includes electric energy generated from a source that does not emit carbon dioxide into the atmosphere during the process of generating the electric energy, including electric energy generated by the conversion of sunlight, wind, falling water, wave motion, tides, geothermal, fusion energy, or nuclear energy.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":276353,"text":"As used in this section, &#8220;fusion energy&#8221; means the energy generated through the process of fusing together atomic nuclei.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":14340,"edition_id":1,"name":"Rules of Construction and Definitions","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":14339,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:47:48","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:47:48","permalink":{"id":142861,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14340,"identifier":"2","token":"1\/2.1\/2","url":"\/1\/2.1\/2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":14339,"edition_id":1,"name":"Common Law and Rules of Construction","identifier":"2.1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13464,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:47:48","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:47:48","permalink":{"id":142849,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14339,"identifier":"2.1","token":"1\/2.1","url":"\/1\/2.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13464,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:57","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:57","permalink":{"id":142799,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13464,"identifier":"1","token":"1","url":"\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":87057,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-202","catch_line":"General rule of construction","url":"\/1-202\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-202","metadata":false},{"id":56383,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-203","catch_line":"Adult","url":"\/1-203\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-203","metadata":false},{"id":60203,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-204","catch_line":"Age of majority","url":"\/1-204\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-204","metadata":false},{"id":86965,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-205","catch_line":"Bond with surety","url":"\/1-205\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-205","metadata":false},{"id":64246,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-206","catch_line":"Certified mail equivalent to registered mail; certain subsequent mail or notice may be sent by regular mail","url":"\/1-206\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-206","metadata":false},{"id":85952,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-207","catch_line":"Child; juvenile; minor; infant","url":"\/1-207\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-207","metadata":false},{"id":84869,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-208","catch_line":"City","url":"\/1-208\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-208","metadata":false},{"id":76998,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-208.1","catch_line":"Carbon-free energy; clean energy","url":"\/1-208.1\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-208.1","metadata":false},{"id":85379,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-209","catch_line":"Collegial body","url":"\/1-209\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-209","metadata":false},{"id":73076,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-210","catch_line":"Computation of time","url":"\/1-210\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-210","metadata":false},{"id":82956,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-211","catch_line":"Constitutional references","url":"\/1-211\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-211","metadata":false},{"id":81484,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-211.1","catch_line":"Courthouse; posting of notices","url":"\/1-211.1\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-211.1","metadata":false},{"id":77624,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-212","catch_line":"Courts of record","url":"\/1-212\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-212","metadata":false},{"id":76911,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-213","catch_line":"Delegation of duties assigned to political subdivision","url":"\/1-213\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-213","metadata":false},{"id":69284,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-214","catch_line":"Effective dates","url":"\/1-214\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-214","metadata":false},{"id":82609,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-215","catch_line":"Ex officio","url":"\/1-215\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-215","metadata":false},{"id":59322,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-216","catch_line":"Gender","url":"\/1-216\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-216","metadata":false},{"id":65345,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-217","catch_line":"Headlines of sections","url":"\/1-217\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-217","metadata":false},{"id":56455,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-218","catch_line":"Includes","url":"\/1-218\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-218","metadata":false},{"id":73264,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-219","catch_line":"Land; real estate","url":"\/1-219\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-219","metadata":false},{"id":59000,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-219.1","catch_line":"Limitations on eminent domain","url":"\/1-219.1\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-219.1","metadata":false},{"id":76709,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-220","catch_line":"Local ordinances incorporating state law by reference","url":"\/1-220\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-220","metadata":false},{"id":58391,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-221","catch_line":"Locality","url":"\/1-221\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-221","metadata":false},{"id":62999,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-222","catch_line":"Majority authority","url":"\/1-222\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-222","metadata":false},{"id":73504,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-222.1","catch_line":"Manufacturer","url":"\/1-222.1\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-222.1","metadata":false},{"id":77608,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-223","catch_line":"Month; year","url":"\/1-223\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-223","metadata":false},{"id":62653,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-224","catch_line":"Municipality; incorporated communities; municipal corporation","url":"\/1-224\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-224","metadata":false},{"id":85872,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-225","catch_line":"Nonlegislative citizen member","url":"\/1-225\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-225","metadata":false},{"id":63560,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-226","catch_line":"Notary","url":"\/1-226\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-226","metadata":false},{"id":78355,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-227","catch_line":"Number","url":"\/1-227\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-227","metadata":false},{"id":72469,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-228","catch_line":"Oath","url":"\/1-228\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-228","metadata":false},{"id":82486,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-229","catch_line":"Optional form of county government; effect of change in form","url":"\/1-229\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-229","metadata":false},{"id":56662,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-230","catch_line":"Person","url":"\/1-230\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-230","metadata":false},{"id":66067,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-231","catch_line":"When \"person\" includes business trust and limited liability company","url":"\/1-231\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-231","metadata":false},{"id":86830,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-232","catch_line":"Person under disability","url":"\/1-232\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-232","metadata":false},{"id":73262,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-233","catch_line":"Personal estate","url":"\/1-233\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-233","metadata":false},{"id":78210,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-234","catch_line":"Personal representative","url":"\/1-234\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-234","metadata":false},{"id":60134,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-235","catch_line":"Population; inhabitants","url":"\/1-235\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-235","metadata":false},{"id":55646,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-236","catch_line":"Population classifications","url":"\/1-236\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-236","metadata":false},{"id":59993,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-237","catch_line":"Process","url":"\/1-237\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-237","metadata":false},{"id":64585,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-238","catch_line":"Reenacted","url":"\/1-238\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-238","metadata":false},{"id":84300,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-239","catch_line":"Repeal not to affect liabilities; mitigation of punishment","url":"\/1-239\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-239","metadata":false},{"id":60549,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-240","catch_line":"Repeal not to revive former act","url":"\/1-240\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-240","metadata":false},{"id":61342,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-240.1","catch_line":"Rights of parents","url":"\/1-240.1\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-240.1","metadata":false},{"id":69335,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-241","catch_line":"Seal","url":"\/1-241\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-241","metadata":false},{"id":65626,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-242","catch_line":"Senate Committee on Privileges and Elections","url":"\/1-242\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-242","metadata":false},{"id":66594,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-243","catch_line":"Severability","url":"\/1-243\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-243","metadata":false},{"id":65674,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-244","catch_line":"Short title citations","url":"\/1-244\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-244","metadata":false},{"id":77515,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-245","catch_line":"State","url":"\/1-245\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-245","metadata":false},{"id":74717,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-246","catch_line":"Stricken language or italics","url":"\/1-246\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-246","metadata":false},{"id":65572,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-247","catch_line":"Summaries of legislation","url":"\/1-247\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-247","metadata":false},{"id":70032,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-248","catch_line":"Supremacy of federal and state law","url":"\/1-248\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-248","metadata":false},{"id":69327,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-249","catch_line":"Supreme Court","url":"\/1-249\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-249","metadata":false},{"id":65932,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-250","catch_line":"Swear; sworn","url":"\/1-250\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-250","metadata":false},{"id":73188,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-251","catch_line":"Systems of state highways","url":"\/1-251\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-251","metadata":false},{"id":83798,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-252","catch_line":"Tier-city","url":"\/1-252\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-252","metadata":false},{"id":77462,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-253","catch_line":"Time zone","url":"\/1-253\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-253","metadata":false},{"id":65991,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-254","catch_line":"Town","url":"\/1-254\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-254","metadata":false},{"id":79198,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-255","catch_line":"United States","url":"\/1-255\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-255","metadata":false},{"id":74381,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-256","catch_line":"Weights and measurements; metric equivalents","url":"\/1-256\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-256","metadata":false},{"id":86312,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-257","catch_line":"Written; writing; in writing","url":"\/1-257\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-257","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":84869,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-208","catch_line":"City","url":"\/1-208\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-208","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":85379,"structure_id":14340,"section_number":"1-209","catch_line":"Collegial body","url":"\/1-209\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-209","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/1-208.1\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 2020. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?201+ful+CHAP0811\">811<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2025, chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?251+ful+CHAP0140\">140<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?251+ful+CHAP0154\">154<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":142891,"object_type":"law","relational_id":76998,"identifier":"1-208.1","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-208.1","url":"\/1-208.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/1-208.1\/","token":"1\/2.1\/2\/1-208.1","dublin_core":{"Title":"Carbon-free energy; clean energy","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 1-208.1","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> &#8220;<span class=\"dictionary\">Carbon-free energy<\/span>&#8221; or &#8220;<span class=\"dictionary\">clean energy<\/span>&#8221; includes electric energy generated from a source that does not emit carbon dioxide into the atmosphere during the process of generating the electric energy, including electric energy generated by the conversion of sunlight, wind, falling water, wave <span class=\"dictionary\">motion<\/span>, tides, geothermal, <span class=\"dictionary\">fusion energy<\/span>, or nuclear energy. <a id=\"paragraph-276352\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/1-208.1\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> As used in this section, &#8220;<span class=\"dictionary\">fusion energy<\/span>&#8221; means the energy generated through the process of fusing together atomic nuclei. <a id=\"paragraph-276353\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/1-208.1\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nCARBON-FREE ENERGY; CLEAN ENERGY (\u00a7 1-208.1)\n\nA. &#8220;Carbon-free energy&#8221; or &#8220;clean energy&#8221; includes\nelectric energy generated from a source that does not emit carbon dioxide into\nthe atmosphere during the process of generating the electric energy, including\nelectric energy generated by the conversion of sunlight, wind, falling water,\nwave motion, tides, geothermal, fusion energy, or nuclear energy.\n\nB. As used in this section, &#8220;fusion energy&#8221; means the energy\ngenerated through the process of fusing together atomic nuclei.\n\nHISTORY: 2020, c. 811; 2025, cc. 140, 154.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}