{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/1-402.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/1-402.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/1-402.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/1-402.html"}],"law_id":69482,"edition_id":1,"section_id":69482,"structure_id":16176,"section_number":"1-402","catch_line":"Shenandoah National Park","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 7-22; 1966, c. 102, \u00a7 7.1-19; 2005, c. 839.","full_text":"The respective jurisdiction and powers of the Commonwealth and the United States over all lands within the Shenandoah National Park, as it is now constituted or may hereafter be extended, shall be as follows:\n\t\t1.\u00a0Criminal and police jurisdiction. &#8212; The United States shall have exclusive jurisdiction, legislative, executive and judicial, with respect to the commission of crimes, and the arrest, trial and punishment therefor, and exclusive general police jurisdiction thereover.\n\t\t2.\u00a0Sale of alcoholic beverages. &#8212; The United States shall have the power to regulate or prohibit the sale of alcoholic beverages on such lands; provided, that, if the sale of alcoholic beverages is prohibited by general law in the Commonwealth outside of such lands, no such alcoholic beverages shall be sold on the lands contained in the Park area; and provided further, that if the general laws of the Commonwealth permit the sale of alcoholic beverages, then the regulations of the United States relating to such sales on such lands shall conform as nearly as possible to the regulatory provisions in accordance with which such sales are permitted in the Commonwealth outside of such Park lands. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed as reserving in the Commonwealth power to require licenses of persons engaged in the sale of intoxicating beverages on such lands, nor the power to require that any sales be made through official liquor stores.\n\t\t3.\u00a0Service of civil and criminal process. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have jurisdiction to serve civil process within the limits of the Park in any suits properly instituted in any of the courts of the Commonwealth and to serve criminal process within such limits in any suits or prosecutions for or on account of crimes committed in the Commonwealth but outside of the Park.\n\t\t4.\u00a0Tax on alcoholic beverages. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have jurisdiction and power to levy a nondiscriminatory tax on all alcoholic beverages possessed or sold on such lands.\n\t\t5.\u00a0Tax on motor vehicle fuels and lubricants. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have jurisdiction and power to tax the sales of oil and gasoline, and other motor vehicle fuels and lubricants for use in motor vehicles. This subsection shall not be construed as a consent by the United States to the taxation by the Commonwealth of such sales for the exclusive use of the United States.\n\t\t6.\u00a0Tax on businesses. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have jurisdiction and power to levy nondiscriminatory taxes on private individuals, associations and corporations, their franchises and properties, on such lands, and on their businesses conducted thereon.\n\t\t7.\u00a0Jurisdiction of courts. &#8212; The courts of the Commonwealth shall have concurrent jurisdiction with the courts of the United States of all civil causes of action arising on such lands to the same extent as if the cause of action had arisen in the county or city in which the land lies outside the Park area, and the state officers shall have jurisdiction to enforce on such lands the judgments of the state courts and the collection of taxes by appropriate process.\n\t\t8.\u00a0Voting residence. &#8212; Persons residing in or on any of the lands embraced in the Park shall have the right to establish a voting residence in the Commonwealth by reason thereof, and the consequent right to vote at all elections within the county or city in which the land or lands upon which they reside are located upon like terms and conditions, and to the same extent as they would be entitled to vote in such county or city if the lands on which they reside had not been deeded or conveyed to the United States.\n\t\t9.\u00a0Fugitives. &#8212; All fugitives from justice taking refuge in the Park shall be subject to the same laws as refugees from justice found in the Commonwealth.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":251218,"text":"The respective jurisdiction and powers of the Commonwealth and the United States over all lands within the Shenandoah National Park, as it is now constituted or may hereafter be extended, shall be as follows:\n\t\t1.\u00a0Criminal and police jurisdiction. &#8212; The United States shall have exclusive jurisdiction, legislative, executive and judicial, with respect to the commission of crimes, and the arrest, trial and punishment therefor, and exclusive general police jurisdiction thereover.\n\t\t2.\u00a0Sale of alcoholic beverages. &#8212; The United States shall have the power to regulate or prohibit the sale of alcoholic beverages on such lands; provided, that, if the sale of alcoholic beverages is prohibited by general law in the Commonwealth outside of such lands, no such alcoholic beverages shall be sold on the lands contained in the Park area; and provided further, that if the general laws of the Commonwealth permit the sale of alcoholic beverages, then the regulations of the United States relating to such sales on such lands shall conform as nearly as possible to the regulatory provisions in accordance with which such sales are permitted in the Commonwealth outside of such Park lands. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed as reserving in the Commonwealth power to require licenses of persons engaged in the sale of intoxicating beverages on such lands, nor the power to require that any sales be made through official liquor stores.\n\t\t3.\u00a0Service of civil and criminal process. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have jurisdiction to serve civil process within the limits of the Park in any suits properly instituted in any of the courts of the Commonwealth and to serve criminal process within such limits in any suits or prosecutions for or on account of crimes committed in the Commonwealth but outside of the Park.\n\t\t4.\u00a0Tax on alcoholic beverages. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have jurisdiction and power to levy a nondiscriminatory tax on all alcoholic beverages possessed or sold on such lands.\n\t\t5.\u00a0Tax on motor vehicle fuels and lubricants. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have jurisdiction and power to tax the sales of oil and gasoline, and other motor vehicle fuels and lubricants for use in motor vehicles. This subsection shall not be construed as a consent by the United States to the taxation by the Commonwealth of such sales for the exclusive use of the United States.\n\t\t6.\u00a0Tax on businesses. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have jurisdiction and power to levy nondiscriminatory taxes on private individuals, associations and corporations, their franchises and properties, on such lands, and on their businesses conducted thereon.\n\t\t7.\u00a0Jurisdiction of courts. &#8212; The courts of the Commonwealth shall have concurrent jurisdiction with the courts of the United States of all civil causes of action arising on such lands to the same extent as if the cause of action had arisen in the county or city in which the land lies outside the Park area, and the state officers shall have jurisdiction to enforce on such lands the judgments of the state courts and the collection of taxes by appropriate process.\n\t\t8.\u00a0Voting residence. &#8212; Persons residing in or on any of the lands embraced in the Park shall have the right to establish a voting residence in the Commonwealth by reason thereof, and the consequent right to vote at all elections within the county or city in which the land or lands upon which they reside are located upon like terms and conditions, and to the same extent as they would be entitled to vote in such county or city if the lands on which they reside had not been deeded or conveyed to the United States.\n\t\t9.\u00a0Fugitives. &#8212; All fugitives from justice taking refuge in the Park shall be subject to the same laws as refugees from justice found in the Commonwealth.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":16176,"edition_id":1,"name":"Jurisdiction Over Lands Acquired by the United States","identifier":"4","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13464,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 04:08:17","date_modified":"2026-06-26 04:08:17","permalink":{"id":143171,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":16176,"identifier":"4","token":"1\/4","url":"\/1\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13464,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:57","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:57","permalink":{"id":142799,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13464,"identifier":"1","token":"1","url":"\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":75149,"structure_id":16176,"section_number":"1-400","catch_line":"Conditional consent given to acquisition of lands by United States; concurrent jurisdiction ceded","url":"\/1-400\/","token":"1\/4\/1-400","metadata":false},{"id":86388,"structure_id":16176,"section_number":"1-401","catch_line":"Ceding additional jurisdiction to United States","url":"\/1-401\/","token":"1\/4\/1-401","metadata":false},{"id":69482,"structure_id":16176,"section_number":"1-402","catch_line":"Shenandoah National Park","url":"\/1-402\/","token":"1\/4\/1-402","metadata":false},{"id":66539,"structure_id":16176,"section_number":"1-403","catch_line":"Conveyances of certain waste and unappropriated lands and marshlands to the United States","url":"\/1-403\/","token":"1\/4\/1-403","metadata":false},{"id":70089,"structure_id":16176,"section_number":"1-404","catch_line":"Licensing sale of mixed alcoholic beverages on lands ceded to or owned by United States","url":"\/1-404\/","token":"1\/4\/1-404","metadata":false},{"id":69753,"structure_id":16176,"section_number":"1-405","catch_line":"Reversion to Commonwealth; recorded title prerequisite to vesting jurisdiction","url":"\/1-405\/","token":"1\/4\/1-405","metadata":false},{"id":74455,"structure_id":16176,"section_number":"1-406","catch_line":"Conveyances to political subdivisions of lands ceded to and no longer used by United States","url":"\/1-406\/","token":"1\/4\/1-406","metadata":false},{"id":64469,"structure_id":16176,"section_number":"1-407","catch_line":"Concurrent jurisdiction of Commonwealth and United States over certain lands leased to political subdivisions","url":"\/1-407\/","token":"1\/4\/1-407","metadata":false},{"id":84796,"structure_id":16176,"section_number":"1-408","catch_line":"Relinquishment by United States of jurisdiction over lands in the Commonwealth","url":"\/1-408\/","token":"1\/4\/1-408","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":86388,"structure_id":16176,"section_number":"1-401","catch_line":"Ceding additional jurisdiction to United States","url":"\/1-401\/","token":"1\/4\/1-401","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":66539,"structure_id":16176,"section_number":"1-403","catch_line":"Conveyances of certain waste and unappropriated lands and marshlands to the United States","url":"\/1-403\/","token":"1\/4\/1-403","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/1-402\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1966, chapter 102; in 2005, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?051+ful+CHAP0839\">839<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":143181,"object_type":"law","relational_id":69482,"identifier":"1-402","token":"1\/4\/1-402","url":"\/1-402\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/1-402\/","token":"1\/4\/1-402","dublin_core":{"Title":"Shenandoah National Park","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 1-402","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>The respective <span class=\"dictionary\">jurisdiction<\/span> and powers of the Commonwealth and the United States over all lands within the Shenandoah National Park, as it is now constituted or may hereafter be extended, shall be as follows:\n\t\t1.\u00a0Criminal and police <span class=\"dictionary\">jurisdiction<\/span>. &#8212; The United States shall have exclusive <span class=\"dictionary\">jurisdiction<\/span>, legislative, executive and judicial, with respect to the commission of <span class=\"dictionary\">crimes<\/span>, and the <span class=\"dictionary\">arrest<\/span>, <span class=\"dictionary\">trial<\/span> and punishment therefor, and exclusive general police <span class=\"dictionary\">jurisdiction<\/span> thereover.\n\t\t2.\u00a0Sale of alcoholic beverages. &#8212; The United States shall have the power to regulate or prohibit the sale of alcoholic beverages on such lands; provided, that, if the sale of alcoholic beverages is prohibited by general <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span> in the Commonwealth outside of such lands, no such alcoholic beverages shall be sold on the lands contained in the Park area; and provided further, that if the general <span class=\"dictionary\">laws<\/span> of the Commonwealth permit the sale of alcoholic beverages, then the regulations of the United States relating to such sales on such lands shall conform as nearly as possible to the regulatory provisions in accordance with which such sales are permitted in the Commonwealth outside of such Park lands. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed as reserving in the Commonwealth power to require licenses of persons engaged in the sale of intoxicating beverages on such lands, nor the power to require that any sales be made through official liquor stores.\n\t\t3.\u00a0Service of civil and criminal process. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have <span class=\"dictionary\">jurisdiction<\/span> to serve civil process within the limits of the Park in any suits properly instituted in any of the <span class=\"dictionary\">courts<\/span> of the Commonwealth and to serve criminal process within such limits in any suits or <span class=\"dictionary\">prosecutions<\/span> for or on account of <span class=\"dictionary\">crimes<\/span> committed in the Commonwealth but outside of the Park.\n\t\t4.\u00a0Tax on alcoholic beverages. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have <span class=\"dictionary\">jurisdiction<\/span> and power to <span class=\"dictionary\">levy<\/span> a nondiscriminatory tax on all alcoholic beverages possessed or sold on such lands.\n\t\t5.\u00a0Tax on motor vehicle fuels and lubricants. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have <span class=\"dictionary\">jurisdiction<\/span> and power to tax the sales of oil and gasoline, and other motor vehicle fuels and lubricants for use in motor vehicles. This subsection shall not be construed as a consent by the United States to the taxation by the Commonwealth of such sales for the exclusive use of the United States.\n\t\t6.\u00a0Tax on businesses. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have <span class=\"dictionary\">jurisdiction<\/span> and power to <span class=\"dictionary\">levy<\/span> nondiscriminatory taxes on private individuals, associations and corporations, their franchises and properties, on such lands, and on their businesses conducted thereon.\n\t\t7.\u00a0<span class=\"dictionary\">Jurisdiction<\/span> of <span class=\"dictionary\">courts<\/span>. &#8212; The <span class=\"dictionary\">courts<\/span> of the Commonwealth shall have concurrent <span class=\"dictionary\">jurisdiction<\/span> with the <span class=\"dictionary\">courts<\/span> of the United States of all civil causes of action arising on such lands to the same extent as if the <span class=\"dictionary\">cause of action<\/span> had arisen in the county or city in which the land lies outside the Park area, and the state officers shall have <span class=\"dictionary\">jurisdiction<\/span> to enforce on such lands the <span class=\"dictionary\">judgments<\/span> of the state <span class=\"dictionary\">courts<\/span> and the collection of taxes by appropriate process.\n\t\t8.\u00a0Voting residence. &#8212; Persons residing in or on any of the lands embraced in the Park shall have the right to establish a voting residence in the Commonwealth by reason thereof, and the consequent right to vote at all elections within the county or city in which the land or lands upon which they reside are located upon like terms and conditions, and to the same extent as they would be entitled to vote in such county or city if the lands on which they reside had not been deeded or conveyed to the United States.\n\t\t9.\u00a0Fugitives. &#8212; All fugitives from justice taking refuge in the Park shall be subject to the same <span class=\"dictionary\">laws<\/span> as refugees from justice found in the Commonwealth.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nSHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK (\u00a7 1-402)\n\nThe respective jurisdiction and powers of the Commonwealth and the United States\nover all lands within the Shenandoah National Park, as it is now constituted or\nmay hereafter be extended, shall be as follows:\n\t\t1.\u00a0Criminal and police jurisdiction. &#8212; The United States shall have\nexclusive jurisdiction, legislative, executive and judicial, with respect to the\ncommission of crimes, and the arrest, trial and punishment therefor, and\nexclusive general police jurisdiction thereover.\n\t\t2.\u00a0Sale of alcoholic beverages. &#8212; The United States shall have the\npower to regulate or prohibit the sale of alcoholic beverages on such lands;\nprovided, that, if the sale of alcoholic beverages is prohibited by general law\nin the Commonwealth outside of such lands, no such alcoholic beverages shall be\nsold on the lands contained in the Park area; and provided further, that if the\ngeneral laws of the Commonwealth permit the sale of alcoholic beverages, then\nthe regulations of the United States relating to such sales on such lands shall\nconform as nearly as possible to the regulatory provisions in accordance with\nwhich such sales are permitted in the Commonwealth outside of such Park lands.\nNothing in this subsection shall be construed as reserving in the Commonwealth\npower to require licenses of persons engaged in the sale of intoxicating\nbeverages on such lands, nor the power to require that any sales be made through\nofficial liquor stores.\n\t\t3.\u00a0Service of civil and criminal process. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have\njurisdiction to serve civil process within the limits of the Park in any suits\nproperly instituted in any of the courts of the Commonwealth and to serve\ncriminal process within such limits in any suits or prosecutions for or on\naccount of crimes committed in the Commonwealth but outside of the Park.\n\t\t4.\u00a0Tax on alcoholic beverages. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have\njurisdiction and power to levy a nondiscriminatory tax on all alcoholic\nbeverages possessed or sold on such lands.\n\t\t5.\u00a0Tax on motor vehicle fuels and lubricants. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall\nhave jurisdiction and power to tax the sales of oil and gasoline, and other\nmotor vehicle fuels and lubricants for use in motor vehicles. This subsection\nshall not be construed as a consent by the United States to the taxation by the\nCommonwealth of such sales for the exclusive use of the United States.\n\t\t6.\u00a0Tax on businesses. &#8212; The Commonwealth shall have jurisdiction and\npower to levy nondiscriminatory taxes on private individuals, associations and\ncorporations, their franchises and properties, on such lands, and on their\nbusinesses conducted thereon.\n\t\t7.\u00a0Jurisdiction of courts. &#8212; The courts of the Commonwealth shall have\nconcurrent jurisdiction with the courts of the United States of all civil causes\nof action arising on such lands to the same extent as if the cause of action had\narisen in the county or city in which the land lies outside the Park area, and\nthe state officers shall have jurisdiction to enforce on such lands the\njudgments of the state courts and the collection of taxes by appropriate\nprocess.\n\t\t8.\u00a0Voting residence. &#8212; Persons residing in or on any of the lands\nembraced in the Park shall have the right to establish a voting residence in the\nCommonwealth by reason thereof, and the consequent right to vote at all\nelections within the county or city in which the land or lands upon which they\nreside are located upon like terms and conditions, and to the same extent as\nthey would be entitled to vote in such county or city if the lands on which they\nreside had not been deeded or conveyed to the United States.\n\t\t9.\u00a0Fugitives. &#8212; All fugitives from justice taking refuge in the Park\nshall be subject to the same laws as refugees from justice found in the\nCommonwealth.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 7-22; 1966, c. 102, \u00a7 7.1-19; 2005, c. 839.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}