{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/10.1-1406.1.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/10.1-1406.1.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/10.1-1406.1.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/10.1-1406.1.html"}],"law_id":59552,"edition_id":1,"section_id":59552,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1406.1","catch_line":"Access to abandoned waste sites","history":"1996, c. 547.","full_text":"A\n\nFor the purposes of this section, &#8220;abandoned waste site&#8221; means a waste site for which (i) there has not been adequate remediation or closure as required by Chapter 14 (&#xA7; 10.1-1400 et seq.) of this title, (ii) adequate financial assurances as required by &#xA7; 10.1-1410 or &#xA7; 10.1-1428 are not provided, and (iii) the owner, operator, or other person responsible for the cost of cleanup or remediation under state or federal law or regulation cannot be located.B\n\nAny local government or agency of the Commonwealth may apply to the appropriate circuit court for access to an abandoned waste site in order to investigate contamination, to abate any hazard caused by the improper management of substances within the jurisdiction of the Board, or to remediate the site. The petition shall include (i) a demonstration that all reasonable efforts have been made to locate the owner, operator or other responsible party and (ii) a plan approved by the Director and which is consistent with applicable state and federal laws and regulations. The approval or disapproval of a plan shall not be considered a case decision as defined by &#xA7; 2.2-4001.C\n\nAny person, local government, or agency of the Commonwealth not otherwise liable under federal or state law or regulation who performs any investigative, abatement or remediation activities pursuant to this section shall not become subject to civil enforcement or remediation action under this chapter or other applicable state laws or to private civil suits related to contamination not caused by its investigative, abatement or remediation activities.D\n\nThis section shall not in any way limit the authority of the Board, Director, or Department otherwise created by Chapter 14 of this title.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":218168,"text":"For the purposes of this section, &#8220;abandoned waste site&#8221; means a waste site for which (i) there has not been adequate remediation or closure as required by Chapter 14 (&#xA7; 10.1-1400 et seq.) of this title, (ii) adequate financial assurances as required by &#xA7; 10.1-1410 or &#xA7; 10.1-1428 are not provided, and (iii) the owner, operator, or other person responsible for the cost of cleanup or remediation under state or federal law or regulation cannot be located.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":218169,"text":"Any local government or agency of the Commonwealth may apply to the appropriate circuit court for access to an abandoned waste site in order to investigate contamination, to abate any hazard caused by the improper management of substances within the jurisdiction of the Board, or to remediate the site. The petition shall include (i) a demonstration that all reasonable efforts have been made to locate the owner, operator or other responsible party and (ii) a plan approved by the Director and which is consistent with applicable state and federal laws and regulations. The approval or disapproval of a plan shall not be considered a case decision as defined by &#xA7; 2.2-4001.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":218170,"text":"Any person, local government, or agency of the Commonwealth not otherwise liable under federal or state law or regulation who performs any investigative, abatement or remediation activities pursuant to this section shall not become subject to civil enforcement or remediation action under this chapter or other applicable state laws or to private civil suits related to contamination not caused by its investigative, abatement or remediation activities.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"D"},"3":{"id":218171,"text":"This section shall not in any way limit the authority of the Board, Director, or Department otherwise created by Chapter 14 of this title.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C"}},"ancestry":[{"id":15604,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12811,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:56:46","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:56:46","permalink":{"id":145889,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15604,"identifier":"1","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1","url":"\/10.1\/II\/14\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12811,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Waste Management Act","identifier":"14","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12741,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","permalink":{"id":145887,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12811,"identifier":"14","token":"10.1\/II\/14","url":"\/10.1\/II\/14\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12741,"edition_id":1,"name":"Activities Administered by Other Entities","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12740,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":144833,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12741,"identifier":"II","token":"10.1\/II","url":"\/10.1\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12740,"edition_id":1,"name":"Conservation","identifier":"10.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":143313,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12740,"identifier":"10.1","token":"10.1","url":"\/10.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":84539,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1400","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/10.1-1400\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1400","metadata":false},{"id":66666,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1400.1","catch_line":"Certified mail; subsequent mail or notices may be sent by regular mail","url":"\/10.1-1400.1\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1400.1","metadata":false},{"id":60386,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1401","catch_line":"Virginia Waste Management Board continued","url":"\/10.1-1401\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1401","metadata":false},{"id":82696,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1402","catch_line":"Powers and duties of the Board","url":"\/10.1-1402\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1402","metadata":false},{"id":60068,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1402.01","catch_line":"Further duties of Board; localities particularly affected","url":"\/10.1-1402.01\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1402.01","metadata":false},{"id":83586,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1402.02","catch_line":"Use, reuse, or reclamation of coal combustion by-product in a flood plain","url":"\/10.1-1402.02\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1402.02","metadata":false},{"id":69871,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1402.03","catch_line":"Closure of certain coal combustion residuals units","url":"\/10.1-1402.03\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1402.03","metadata":false},{"id":86095,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1402.04","catch_line":"Closure of certain coal combustion residuals units; Giles and Russell Counties","url":"\/10.1-1402.04\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1402.04","metadata":false},{"id":81131,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1402.05","catch_line":"Coal ash landfill storage; provision of public water supply","url":"\/10.1-1402.05\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1402.05","metadata":false},{"id":79856,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1402.1","catch_line":"Permit fee regulations","url":"\/10.1-1402.1\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1402.1","metadata":false},{"id":67309,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1402.1:1","catch_line":"Annual fees for nonhazardous solid waste management facilities","url":"\/10.1-1402.1_1\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1402.1_1","metadata":false},{"id":80557,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1402.2","catch_line":"Permit Program Fund established; use of moneys","url":"\/10.1-1402.2\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1402.2","metadata":false},{"id":69738,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1402.3","catch_line":"Conformance with federal requirements","url":"\/10.1-1402.3\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1402.3","metadata":false},{"id":80136,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1403","catch_line":"Advisory committees","url":"\/10.1-1403\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1403","metadata":false},{"id":60650,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1404","catch_line":"Department continued; general powers","url":"\/10.1-1404\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1404","metadata":false},{"id":81528,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1405","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Director","url":"\/10.1-1405\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1405","metadata":false},{"id":64275,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1406","catch_line":"Exemptions from liability; expedited settlements","url":"\/10.1-1406\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1406","metadata":false},{"id":59552,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1406.1","catch_line":"Access to abandoned waste sites","url":"\/10.1-1406.1\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1406.1","metadata":false},{"id":87322,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1406.2","catch_line":" Conditional exemption for coal and mineral mining overburden or solid waste","url":"\/10.1-1406.2\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1406.2","metadata":false},{"id":64008,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1407","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/10.1-1407\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1407","metadata":false},{"id":71682,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1407.1","catch_line":"Notification of local government of violation","url":"\/10.1-1407.1\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1407.1","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":64275,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1406","catch_line":"Exemptions from liability; expedited settlements","url":"\/10.1-1406\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1406","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":87322,"structure_id":15604,"section_number":"10.1-1406.2","catch_line":" Conditional exemption for coal and mineral mining overburden or solid waste","url":"\/10.1-1406.2\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1406.2","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/10.1-1406.1\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1996. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?961+ful+CHAP0547\">547<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":84539,"section_number":"10.1-1400","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/10.1-1400\/"},{"id":54905,"section_number":"10.1-1410","catch_line":"Financial responsibility for abandoned facilities; penalties","order_by":null,"url":"\/10.1-1410\/"},{"id":86144,"section_number":"10.1-1428","catch_line":"Financial responsibility for abandoned facilities; penalties","order_by":null,"url":"\/10.1-1428\/"}],"permalink":{"id":145959,"object_type":"law","relational_id":59552,"identifier":"10.1-1406.1","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1406.1","url":"\/10.1-1406.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/10.1-1406.1\/","token":"10.1\/II\/14\/1\/10.1-1406.1","dublin_core":{"Title":"Access to abandoned waste sites","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 10.1-1406.1","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> For the purposes of this section, &#8220;<span class=\"dictionary\">abandoned waste site<\/span>&#8221; means a waste site for which (i) there has not been adequate remediation or closure as required by Chapter 14 (&#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Definitions\" href=\"\/10.1-1400\/\">10.1-1400<\/a> et seq.) of this title, (ii) adequate financial assurances as required by &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Financial responsibility for abandoned facilities; penalties\" href=\"\/10.1-1410\/\">10.1-1410<\/a> or &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Financial responsibility for abandoned facilities; penalties\" href=\"\/10.1-1428\/\">10.1-1428<\/a> are not provided, and (iii) the owner, operator, or other <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> responsible for the cost of cleanup or remediation under state or federal <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span> or regulation cannot be located. <a id=\"paragraph-218168\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/10.1-1406.1\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> Any local government or agency of the Commonwealth may apply to the appropriate <span class=\"dictionary\">circuit<\/span> <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span> for access to an <span class=\"dictionary\">abandoned waste site<\/span> in <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> to investigate contamination, to abate any hazard caused by the improper management of substances within the <span class=\"dictionary\">jurisdiction<\/span> of the <span class=\"dictionary\">Board<\/span>, or to remediate the site. The <span class=\"dictionary\">petition<\/span> shall include (i) a demonstration that all reasonable efforts have been made to locate the owner, operator or other responsible <span class=\"dictionary\">party<\/span> and (ii) a plan approved by the <span class=\"dictionary\">Director<\/span> and which is consistent with applicable state and federal <span class=\"dictionary\">laws<\/span> and regulations. The approval or disapproval of a plan shall not be considered a case decision as defined by &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Definitions\" href=\"\/2.2-4001\/\">2.2-4001<\/a>. <a id=\"paragraph-218169\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/10.1-1406.1\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"C\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">C.<\/span> Any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span>, local government, or agency of the Commonwealth not otherwise liable under federal or state <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span> or regulation who performs any investigative, abatement or remediation activities pursuant to this section shall not become subject to civil enforcement or remediation action under this chapter or other applicable state <span class=\"dictionary\">laws<\/span> or to private civil suits related to contamination not caused by its investigative, abatement or remediation activities. <a id=\"paragraph-218170\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/10.1-1406.1\/#C\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"D\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">D.<\/span> This section shall not in any way limit the authority of the <span class=\"dictionary\">Board<\/span>, <span class=\"dictionary\">Director<\/span>, or <span class=\"dictionary\">Department<\/span> otherwise created by Chapter 14 of this title. <a id=\"paragraph-218171\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/10.1-1406.1\/#D\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nACCESS TO ABANDONED WASTE SITES (\u00a7 10.1-1406.1)\n\nA. For the purposes of this section, &#8220;abandoned waste site&#8221; means a\nwaste site for which (i) there has not been adequate remediation or closure as\nrequired by Chapter 14 (&#xA7; 10.1-1400 et seq.) of this title, (ii) adequate\nfinancial assurances as required by &#xA7; 10.1-1410 or &#xA7; 10.1-1428 are not\nprovided, and (iii) the owner, operator, or other person responsible for the\ncost of cleanup or remediation under state or federal law or regulation cannot\nbe located.\n\nB. Any local government or agency of the Commonwealth may apply to the\nappropriate circuit court for access to an abandoned waste site in order to\ninvestigate contamination, to abate any hazard caused by the improper management\nof substances within the jurisdiction of the Board, or to remediate the site.\nThe petition shall include (i) a demonstration that all reasonable efforts have\nbeen made to locate the owner, operator or other responsible party and (ii) a\nplan approved by the Director and which is consistent with applicable state and\nfederal laws and regulations. The approval or disapproval of a plan shall not be\nconsidered a case decision as defined by &#xA7; 2.2-4001.\n\nC. Any person, local government, or agency of the Commonwealth not otherwise\nliable under federal or state law or regulation who performs any investigative,\nabatement or remediation activities pursuant to this section shall not become\nsubject to civil enforcement or remediation action under this chapter or other\napplicable state laws or to private civil suits related to contamination not\ncaused by its investigative, abatement or remediation activities.\n\nD. This section shall not in any way limit the authority of the Board, Director,\nor Department otherwise created by Chapter 14 of this title.\n\nHISTORY: 1996, c. 547.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}