{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/13.1-321.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/13.1-321.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/13.1-321.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/13.1-321.html"}],"law_id":68555,"edition_id":1,"section_id":68555,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-321","catch_line":"Members","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 13-263; 1956, c. 428.","full_text":"a\n\nAn association may admit as members only bona fide producers of agricultural products, including tenants and landlords receiving a share of the crop, and cooperative associations of such producers.b\n\nThe articles of incorporation may limit the amount of voting stock which a member may own.c\n\nUnder the terms and conditions prescribed in the bylaws a member shall lose his membership and his right to vote if he ceases to belong to the class eligible to membership under this section, but he shall remain subject to any liability incurred by him while a member of the association.d\n\nNo member shall be personally liable for any debt or liability of the association.e\n\nNo member shall have more than one vote.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":248154,"text":"An association may admit as members only bona fide producers of agricultural products, including tenants and landlords receiving a share of the crop, and cooperative associations of such producers.","type":"section","prefixes":["a"],"prefix":"a","entire_prefix":"a","prefix_anchor":"a","level":1,"next_prefix":"b"},"1":{"id":248155,"text":"The articles of incorporation may limit the amount of voting stock which a member may own.","type":"section","prefixes":["b"],"prefix":"b","entire_prefix":"b","prefix_anchor":"b","level":1,"prior_prefix":"a","next_prefix":"c"},"2":{"id":248156,"text":"Under the terms and conditions prescribed in the bylaws a member shall lose his membership and his right to vote if he ceases to belong to the class eligible to membership under this section, but he shall remain subject to any liability incurred by him while a member of the association.","type":"section","prefixes":["c"],"prefix":"c","entire_prefix":"c","prefix_anchor":"c","level":1,"prior_prefix":"b","next_prefix":"d"},"3":{"id":248157,"text":"No member shall be personally liable for any debt or liability of the association.","type":"section","prefixes":["d"],"prefix":"d","entire_prefix":"d","prefix_anchor":"d","level":1,"prior_prefix":"c","next_prefix":"e"},"4":{"id":248158,"text":"No member shall have more than one vote.","type":"section","prefixes":["e"],"prefix":"e","entire_prefix":"e","prefix_anchor":"e","level":1,"prior_prefix":"d"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13351,"edition_id":1,"name":"Agricultural Cooperative Associations","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13350,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:41","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:41","permalink":{"id":149583,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13351,"identifier":"2","token":"13.1\/3\/2","url":"\/13.1\/3\/2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13350,"edition_id":1,"name":"Cooperative Associations","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12744,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:41","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:41","permalink":{"id":149519,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13350,"identifier":"3","token":"13.1\/3","url":"\/13.1\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12744,"edition_id":1,"name":"Corporations","identifier":"13.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":147493,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12744,"identifier":"13.1","token":"13.1","url":"\/13.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":81376,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-312","catch_line":"Liberal construction of article","url":"\/13.1-312\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-312","metadata":false},{"id":64545,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-313","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/13.1-313\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-313","metadata":false},{"id":81035,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-314","catch_line":"Qualification of incorporators","url":"\/13.1-314\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-314","metadata":false},{"id":80157,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-315","catch_line":"Purposes","url":"\/13.1-315\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-315","metadata":false},{"id":61166,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-316","catch_line":"Articles of incorporation","url":"\/13.1-316\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-316","metadata":false},{"id":61597,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-317","catch_line":"Filing and recording articles of incorporation","url":"\/13.1-317\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-317","metadata":false},{"id":61590,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-318","catch_line":"Amendments to the articles of incorporation","url":"\/13.1-318\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-318","metadata":false},{"id":81534,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-319","catch_line":"Bylaws","url":"\/13.1-319\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-319","metadata":false},{"id":76905,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-320","catch_line":"Powers","url":"\/13.1-320\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-320","metadata":false},{"id":68555,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-321","catch_line":"Members","url":"\/13.1-321\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-321","metadata":false},{"id":75053,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-322","catch_line":"Membership or voting stock certificates; transfers; dividends; nonvoting stock","url":"\/13.1-322\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-322","metadata":false},{"id":71686,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-323","catch_line":"General and special meetings; how called","url":"\/13.1-323\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-323","metadata":false},{"id":54614,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-324","catch_line":"Directors generally; executive committee","url":"\/13.1-324\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-324","metadata":false},{"id":62644,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-325","catch_line":"Removal of director","url":"\/13.1-325\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-325","metadata":false},{"id":58660,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-326","catch_line":"Officers generally","url":"\/13.1-326\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-326","metadata":false},{"id":82331,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-327","catch_line":"Removal of officer","url":"\/13.1-327\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-327","metadata":false},{"id":72649,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-328","catch_line":"Referendum","url":"\/13.1-328\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-328","metadata":false},{"id":80375,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-329","catch_line":"Marketing contracts; enforcement; inducing breach; spreading false reports","url":"\/13.1-329\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-329","metadata":false},{"id":56154,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-330","catch_line":"Recordation of marketing contracts","url":"\/13.1-330\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-330","metadata":false},{"id":73115,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-331","catch_line":"Associations are not in restraint of trade","url":"\/13.1-331\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-331","metadata":false},{"id":65997,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-332","catch_line":"Voluntary dissolution","url":"\/13.1-332\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-332","metadata":false},{"id":66148,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-333","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/13.1-333\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-333","metadata":false},{"id":64470,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-333.1","catch_line":"Annual reports","url":"\/13.1-333.1\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-333.1","metadata":false},{"id":59958,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-334","catch_line":"Application to existing associations","url":"\/13.1-334\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-334","metadata":false},{"id":71004,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-335","catch_line":"Saving clause","url":"\/13.1-335\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-335","metadata":false},{"id":81965,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-336","catch_line":"Limitations of the use of the word \"cooperative.\"","url":"\/13.1-336\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-336","metadata":false},{"id":70364,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-337","catch_line":"Foreign associations","url":"\/13.1-337\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-337","metadata":false},{"id":56693,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-338","catch_line":"Purchasing business of other associations, persons, firms or corporations; stock issued","url":"\/13.1-338\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-338","metadata":false},{"id":68676,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-339","catch_line":"Merger or consolidation","url":"\/13.1-339\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-339","metadata":false},{"id":73845,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-340","catch_line":"Sale, mortgage or other disposition of assets","url":"\/13.1-340\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-340","metadata":false},{"id":69612,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-341","catch_line":"Taxes","url":"\/13.1-341\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-341","metadata":false},{"id":77835,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-342","catch_line":"Reserved","url":"\/13.1-342\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-342","metadata":false},{"id":79203,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-343","catch_line":"Application of general corporation laws","url":"\/13.1-343\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-343","metadata":false},{"id":81919,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-344","catch_line":"Existing associations continued","url":"\/13.1-344\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-344","metadata":false},{"id":54331,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-345","catch_line":"Verification no longer required; signing instrument containing misstatement as perjury","url":"\/13.1-345\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-345","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":76905,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-320","catch_line":"Powers","url":"\/13.1-320\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-320","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":75053,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-322","catch_line":"Membership or voting stock certificates; transfers; dividends; nonvoting stock","url":"\/13.1-322\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-322","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/13.1-321\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 1956, chapter 428.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":149621,"object_type":"law","relational_id":68555,"identifier":"13.1-321","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-321","url":"\/13.1-321\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/13.1-321\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-321","dublin_core":{"Title":"Members","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 13.1-321","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"a\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">a.<\/span> An association may admit as members only bona fide producers of agricultural products, including tenants and landlords receiving a share of the crop, and cooperative associations of such producers. <a id=\"paragraph-248154\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/13.1-321\/#a\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"b\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">b.<\/span> The articles of incorporation may limit the amount of voting stock which a member may own. <a id=\"paragraph-248155\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/13.1-321\/#b\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"c\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">c.<\/span> Under the terms and conditions prescribed in the bylaws a member shall lose his membership and his right to vote if he ceases to belong to the class eligible to membership under this section, but he shall remain subject to any liability incurred by him while a member of the association. <a id=\"paragraph-248156\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/13.1-321\/#c\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"d\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">d.<\/span> No member shall be personally liable for any debt or liability of the association. <a id=\"paragraph-248157\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/13.1-321\/#d\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"e\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">e.<\/span> No member shall have more than one vote. <a id=\"paragraph-248158\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/13.1-321\/#e\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nMEMBERS (\u00a7 13.1-321)\n\na. An association may admit as members only bona fide producers of agricultural\nproducts, including tenants and landlords receiving a share of the crop, and\ncooperative associations of such producers.\n\nb. The articles of incorporation may limit the amount of voting stock which a\nmember may own.\n\nc. Under the terms and conditions prescribed in the bylaws a member shall lose\nhis membership and his right to vote if he ceases to belong to the class\neligible to membership under this section, but he shall remain subject to any\nliability incurred by him while a member of the association.\n\nd. No member shall be personally liable for any debt or liability of the\nassociation.\n\ne. No member shall have more than one vote.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 13-263; 1956, c. 428.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}