{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/13.1-336.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/13.1-336.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/13.1-336.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/13.1-336.html"}],"law_id":81965,"edition_id":1,"section_id":81965,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-336","catch_line":"Limitations of the use of the word &#8220;cooperative.&#8221;","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 13-289; 1956, c. 428; 1993, c. 822.","full_text":"A\n\nNo person, firm, corporation or association, domestic or foreign, hereafter commencing business in this Commonwealth shall use the word &#8220;cooperative&#8221; or any abbreviation thereof, as a part of its corporate or business name unless it has complied with the provisions of this Act or some other statute of this Commonwealth relating to cooperative associations. A foreign association organized under and complying with the cooperative law of the state of such association&#8217;s creation shall be entitled to use of term &#8220;cooperative&#8221; in this Commonwealth if it has obtained the privilege of doing business in this Commonwealth under any cooperative statute of this Commonwealth. Any person violating the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be subject to a fine not exceeding fifty dollars. For the purpose of this section, each day&#8217;s violation may be considered a separate offense.B\n\nSubsection A shall not apply to a corporation or association, domestic or foreign, whose purpose is to promote housing opportunities or to represent, coordinate and further the purposes of groups organized to construct, operate, or promote housing, and such corporation or association may use the term &#8220;cooperative&#8221; as part of its corporate or other business name or title.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":293714,"text":"No person, firm, corporation or association, domestic or foreign, hereafter commencing business in this Commonwealth shall use the word &#8220;cooperative&#8221; or any abbreviation thereof, as a part of its corporate or business name unless it has complied with the provisions of this Act or some other statute of this Commonwealth relating to cooperative associations. A foreign association organized under and complying with the cooperative law of the state of such association&#8217;s creation shall be entitled to use of term &#8220;cooperative&#8221; in this Commonwealth if it has obtained the privilege of doing business in this Commonwealth under any cooperative statute of this Commonwealth. Any person violating the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be subject to a fine not exceeding fifty dollars. For the purpose of this section, each day&#8217;s violation may be considered a separate offense.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":293715,"text":"Subsection A shall not apply to a corporation or association, domestic or foreign, whose purpose is to promote housing opportunities or to represent, coordinate and further the purposes of groups organized to construct, operate, or promote housing, and such corporation or association may use the term &#8220;cooperative&#8221; as part of its corporate or other business name or title.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13351,"edition_id":1,"name":"Agricultural Cooperative Associations","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13350,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:41","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:41","permalink":{"id":149583,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13351,"identifier":"2","token":"13.1\/3\/2","url":"\/13.1\/3\/2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13350,"edition_id":1,"name":"Cooperative Associations","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12744,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:41","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:41","permalink":{"id":149519,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13350,"identifier":"3","token":"13.1\/3","url":"\/13.1\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12744,"edition_id":1,"name":"Corporations","identifier":"13.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":147493,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12744,"identifier":"13.1","token":"13.1","url":"\/13.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":81376,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-312","catch_line":"Liberal construction of article","url":"\/13.1-312\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-312","metadata":false},{"id":64545,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-313","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/13.1-313\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-313","metadata":false},{"id":81035,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-314","catch_line":"Qualification of incorporators","url":"\/13.1-314\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-314","metadata":false},{"id":80157,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-315","catch_line":"Purposes","url":"\/13.1-315\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-315","metadata":false},{"id":61166,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-316","catch_line":"Articles of incorporation","url":"\/13.1-316\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-316","metadata":false},{"id":61597,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-317","catch_line":"Filing and recording articles of incorporation","url":"\/13.1-317\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-317","metadata":false},{"id":61590,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-318","catch_line":"Amendments to the articles of incorporation","url":"\/13.1-318\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-318","metadata":false},{"id":81534,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-319","catch_line":"Bylaws","url":"\/13.1-319\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-319","metadata":false},{"id":76905,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-320","catch_line":"Powers","url":"\/13.1-320\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-320","metadata":false},{"id":68555,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-321","catch_line":"Members","url":"\/13.1-321\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-321","metadata":false},{"id":75053,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-322","catch_line":"Membership or voting stock certificates; transfers; dividends; nonvoting stock","url":"\/13.1-322\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-322","metadata":false},{"id":71686,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-323","catch_line":"General and special meetings; how called","url":"\/13.1-323\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-323","metadata":false},{"id":54614,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-324","catch_line":"Directors generally; executive committee","url":"\/13.1-324\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-324","metadata":false},{"id":62644,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-325","catch_line":"Removal of director","url":"\/13.1-325\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-325","metadata":false},{"id":58660,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-326","catch_line":"Officers generally","url":"\/13.1-326\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-326","metadata":false},{"id":82331,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-327","catch_line":"Removal of officer","url":"\/13.1-327\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-327","metadata":false},{"id":72649,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-328","catch_line":"Referendum","url":"\/13.1-328\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-328","metadata":false},{"id":80375,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-329","catch_line":"Marketing contracts; enforcement; inducing breach; spreading false reports","url":"\/13.1-329\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-329","metadata":false},{"id":56154,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-330","catch_line":"Recordation of marketing contracts","url":"\/13.1-330\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-330","metadata":false},{"id":73115,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-331","catch_line":"Associations are not in restraint of trade","url":"\/13.1-331\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-331","metadata":false},{"id":65997,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-332","catch_line":"Voluntary dissolution","url":"\/13.1-332\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-332","metadata":false},{"id":66148,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-333","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/13.1-333\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-333","metadata":false},{"id":64470,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-333.1","catch_line":"Annual reports","url":"\/13.1-333.1\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-333.1","metadata":false},{"id":59958,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-334","catch_line":"Application to existing associations","url":"\/13.1-334\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-334","metadata":false},{"id":71004,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-335","catch_line":"Saving clause","url":"\/13.1-335\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-335","metadata":false},{"id":81965,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-336","catch_line":"Limitations of the use of the word \"cooperative.\"","url":"\/13.1-336\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-336","metadata":false},{"id":70364,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-337","catch_line":"Foreign associations","url":"\/13.1-337\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-337","metadata":false},{"id":56693,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-338","catch_line":"Purchasing business of other associations, persons, firms or corporations; stock issued","url":"\/13.1-338\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-338","metadata":false},{"id":68676,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-339","catch_line":"Merger or consolidation","url":"\/13.1-339\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-339","metadata":false},{"id":73845,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-340","catch_line":"Sale, mortgage or other disposition of assets","url":"\/13.1-340\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-340","metadata":false},{"id":69612,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-341","catch_line":"Taxes","url":"\/13.1-341\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-341","metadata":false},{"id":77835,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-342","catch_line":"Reserved","url":"\/13.1-342\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-342","metadata":false},{"id":79203,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-343","catch_line":"Application of general corporation laws","url":"\/13.1-343\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-343","metadata":false},{"id":81919,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-344","catch_line":"Existing associations continued","url":"\/13.1-344\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-344","metadata":false},{"id":54331,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-345","catch_line":"Verification no longer required; signing instrument containing misstatement as perjury","url":"\/13.1-345\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-345","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":71004,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-335","catch_line":"Saving clause","url":"\/13.1-335\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-335","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":70364,"structure_id":13351,"section_number":"13.1-337","catch_line":"Foreign associations","url":"\/13.1-337\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-337","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/13.1-336\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1956, chapter 428; in 1993, chapter 822.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":149685,"object_type":"law","relational_id":81965,"identifier":"13.1-336","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-336","url":"\/13.1-336\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/13.1-336\/","token":"13.1\/3\/2\/13.1-336","dublin_core":{"Title":"Limitations of the use of the word &#8220;cooperative.&#8221;","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 13.1-336","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> No person, firm, corporation or association, domestic or foreign, hereafter commencing business in this Commonwealth shall use the word &#8220;cooperative&#8221; or any abbreviation thereof, as a part of its corporate or business name unless it has complied with the provisions of this Act or some other <span class=\"dictionary\">statute<\/span> of this Commonwealth relating to cooperative associations. A foreign association organized under and complying with the cooperative <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span> of the state of such association&#8217;s creation shall be entitled to use of term &#8220;cooperative&#8221; in this Commonwealth if it has obtained the <span class=\"dictionary\">privilege<\/span> of doing business in this Commonwealth under any cooperative <span class=\"dictionary\">statute<\/span> of this Commonwealth. Any person violating the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a <span class=\"dictionary\">misdemeanor<\/span> and shall be subject to a fine not exceeding fifty dollars. For the purpose of this section, each day&#8217;s violation may be considered a separate <span class=\"dictionary\">offense<\/span>. <a id=\"paragraph-293714\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/13.1-336\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> Subsection A shall not apply to a corporation or association, domestic or foreign, whose purpose is to promote housing opportunities or to represent, coordinate and further the purposes of groups organized to construct, operate, or promote housing, and such corporation or association may use the term &#8220;cooperative&#8221; as part of its corporate or other business name or title. <a id=\"paragraph-293715\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/13.1-336\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nLIMITATIONS OF THE USE OF THE WORD &#8220;COOPERATIVE.&#8221; (\u00a7 13.1-336)\n\nA. No person, firm, corporation or association, domestic or foreign, hereafter\ncommencing business in this Commonwealth shall use the word\n&#8220;cooperative&#8221; or any abbreviation thereof, as a part of its\ncorporate or business name unless it has complied with the provisions of this\nAct or some other statute of this Commonwealth relating to cooperative\nassociations. A foreign association organized under and complying with the\ncooperative law of the state of such association&#8217;s creation shall be\nentitled to use of term &#8220;cooperative&#8221; in this Commonwealth if it has\nobtained the privilege of doing business in this Commonwealth under any\ncooperative statute of this Commonwealth. Any person violating the provisions of\nthis section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be subject to a\nfine not exceeding fifty dollars. For the purpose of this section, each\nday&#8217;s violation may be considered a separate offense.\n\nB. Subsection A shall not apply to a corporation or association, domestic or\nforeign, whose purpose is to promote housing opportunities or to represent,\ncoordinate and further the purposes of groups organized to construct, operate,\nor promote housing, and such corporation or association may use the term\n&#8220;cooperative&#8221; as part of its corporate or other business name or\ntitle.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 13-289; 1956, c. 428; 1993, c. 822.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}