{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/13.1-853.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/13.1-853.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/13.1-853.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/13.1-853.html"}],"law_id":83970,"edition_id":1,"section_id":83970,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-853","catch_line":"Requirement for and duties of board of directors","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 13.1-220; 1956, c. 428; 1983, c. 393; 1985, c. 522; 2007, c. 925.","full_text":"A\n\nExcept as provided in an agreement authorized by &#xA7; 13.1-852.1, each corporation shall have a board of directors.B\n\nAll corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the authority of, and the business and affairs of the corporation managed under the direction of, its board of directors, subject to any limitation set forth in the articles of incorporation or in an agreement authorized by &#xA7; 13.1-852.1.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":300922,"text":"Except as provided in an agreement authorized by &#xA7; 13.1-852.1, each corporation shall have a board of directors.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":300923,"text":"All corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the authority of, and the business and affairs of the corporation managed under the direction of, its board of directors, subject to any limitation set forth in the articles of incorporation or in an agreement authorized by &#xA7; 13.1-852.1.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13531,"edition_id":1,"name":"Directors and Officers","identifier":"8","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13004,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:08","date_modified":"2026-06-26 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members","url":"\/13.1-856\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-856","metadata":false},{"id":68232,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-857","catch_line":"Terms of directors generally","url":"\/13.1-857\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-857","metadata":false},{"id":66939,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-858","catch_line":"Staggered terms of directors","url":"\/13.1-858\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-858","metadata":false},{"id":69249,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-859","catch_line":"Resignation of directors","url":"\/13.1-859\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-859","metadata":false},{"id":81920,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-860","catch_line":"Removal of directors","url":"\/13.1-860\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-860","metadata":false},{"id":72297,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-861","catch_line":"Judicial review of elections","url":"\/13.1-861\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-861","metadata":false},{"id":58753,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-862","catch_line":"Vacancy on board of directors","url":"\/13.1-862\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-862","metadata":false},{"id":69910,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-863","catch_line":"Compensation of directors","url":"\/13.1-863\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-863","metadata":false},{"id":84891,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-864","catch_line":"Meetings of the board of directors","url":"\/13.1-864\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-864","metadata":false},{"id":77538,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-865","catch_line":"Action without meeting of board of directors","url":"\/13.1-865\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-865","metadata":false},{"id":76527,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-866","catch_line":"Notice of board of directors' meetings","url":"\/13.1-866\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-866","metadata":false},{"id":78773,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-867","catch_line":"Waiver of notice by director","url":"\/13.1-867\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-867","metadata":false},{"id":55069,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-868","catch_line":"Quorum and voting by directors","url":"\/13.1-868\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-868","metadata":false},{"id":85811,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-869","catch_line":"Committees","url":"\/13.1-869\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-869","metadata":false},{"id":82285,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-870","catch_line":"General standards of conduct for directors","url":"\/13.1-870\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-870","metadata":false},{"id":60905,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-870.1","catch_line":"Limitation on liability of officers and directors; exception","url":"\/13.1-870.1\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-870.1","metadata":false},{"id":71515,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-870.2","catch_line":"Limitation on liability of officers and directors; additional exception","url":"\/13.1-870.2\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-870.2","metadata":false},{"id":73903,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-871","catch_line":"Director conflict of interests","url":"\/13.1-871\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-871","metadata":false},{"id":54497,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-871.1","catch_line":"Business opportunities","url":"\/13.1-871.1\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-871.1","metadata":false},{"id":69141,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-872","catch_line":"Required officers","url":"\/13.1-872\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-872","metadata":false},{"id":69422,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-873","catch_line":"Duties of officers","url":"\/13.1-873\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-873","metadata":false},{"id":81253,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-874","catch_line":"Resignation and removal of officers","url":"\/13.1-874\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-874","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":68503,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-854","catch_line":"Qualification of directors","url":"\/13.1-854\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-854","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/13.1-853\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 4 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1956, chapter 428; in 1983, chapter 393; in 1985, chapter 522; in 2007, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?071+ful+CHAP0925\">925<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":85811,"section_number":"13.1-869","catch_line":"Committees","order_by":null,"url":"\/13.1-869\/"},{"id":59006,"section_number":"13.1-883","catch_line":"Application of article","order_by":null,"url":"\/13.1-883\/"},{"id":71281,"section_number":"38.2-1329","catch_line":"Registration of insurers that are members of holding company system","order_by":null,"url":"\/38.2-1329\/"},{"id":80058,"section_number":"38.2-4212","catch_line":"Board of directors of nonstock corporation operating plan","order_by":null,"url":"\/38.2-4212\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":77362,"section_number":"13.1-852.1","catch_line":"Member or director agreements","order_by":null,"url":"\/13.1-852.1\/"}],"permalink":{"id":148135,"object_type":"law","relational_id":83970,"identifier":"13.1-853","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-853","url":"\/13.1-853\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/13.1-853\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-853","dublin_core":{"Title":"Requirement for and duties of board of directors","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 13.1-853","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> Except as provided in an agreement authorized by &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Member or director agreements\" href=\"\/13.1-852.1\/\">13.1-852.1<\/a>, each <span class=\"dictionary\">corporation<\/span> shall have a <span class=\"dictionary\">board of directors<\/span>. <a id=\"paragraph-300922\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/13.1-853\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> All corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the authority of, and the business and affairs of the <span class=\"dictionary\">corporation<\/span> managed under the direction of, its <span class=\"dictionary\">board of directors<\/span>, subject to any limitation set forth in the <span class=\"dictionary\">articles of incorporation<\/span> or in an agreement authorized by &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Member or director agreements\" href=\"\/13.1-852.1\/\">13.1-852.1<\/a>. <a id=\"paragraph-300923\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/13.1-853\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nREQUIREMENT FOR AND DUTIES OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS (\u00a7 13.1-853)\n\nA. Except as provided in an agreement authorized by &#xA7; 13.1-852.1, each\ncorporation shall have a board of directors.\n\nB. All corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the authority of, and the\nbusiness and affairs of the corporation managed under the direction of, its\nboard of directors, subject to any limitation set forth in the articles of\nincorporation or in an agreement authorized by &#xA7; 13.1-852.1.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 13.1-220; 1956, c. 428; 1983, c. 393; 1985, c. 522; 2007,\nc. 925.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}