{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/13.1-872.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/13.1-872.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/13.1-872.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/13.1-872.html"}],"law_id":69141,"edition_id":1,"section_id":69141,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-872","catch_line":"Required officers","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 13.1-226; 1956, c. 428; 1982, c. 372; 1985, c. 522; 1994, c. 189; 2007, c. 925.","full_text":"A\n\nExcept as provided in an agreement authorized by &#xA7; 13.1-852.1, a corporation shall have such officers with such titles and duties as shall be stated in the bylaws or in a resolution of the board of directors that is not inconsistent with the bylaws and as may be necessary to enable it to execute documents that comply with subsection F of &#xA7; 13.1-804.B\n\nThe board of directors may elect individuals to fill one or more offices of the corporation. An officer may appoint one or more officers or assistant officers if authorized by the bylaws or the board of directors.C\n\nThe secretary or any other officer as designated in the bylaws or by resolution of the board shall have responsibility for preparing and maintaining custody of minutes of the directors&#8217; and members&#8217; meetings and for authenticating records of the corporation.D\n\nThe same individual may simultaneously hold more than one office in the corporation.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":250191,"text":"Except as provided in an agreement authorized by &#xA7; 13.1-852.1, a corporation shall have such officers with such titles and duties as shall be stated in the bylaws or in a resolution of the board of directors that is not inconsistent with the bylaws and as may be necessary to enable it to execute documents that comply with subsection F of &#xA7; 13.1-804.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":250192,"text":"The board of directors may elect individuals to fill one or more offices of the corporation. An officer may appoint one or more officers or assistant officers if authorized by the bylaws or the board of directors.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":250193,"text":"The secretary or any other officer as designated in the bylaws or by resolution of the board shall have responsibility for preparing and maintaining custody of minutes of the directors&#8217; and members&#8217; meetings and for authenticating records of the corporation.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"D"},"3":{"id":250194,"text":"The same individual may simultaneously hold more than one office in the corporation.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13531,"edition_id":1,"name":"Directors and Officers","identifier":"8","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13004,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:08","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:08","permalink":{"id":148133,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13531,"identifier":"8","token":"13.1\/10\/8","url":"\/13.1\/10\/8\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13004,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Nonstock Corporation Act","identifier":"10","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12744,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:07","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:07","permalink":{"id":147501,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13004,"identifier":"10","token":"13.1\/10","url":"\/13.1\/10\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12744,"edition_id":1,"name":"Corporations","identifier":"13.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":147493,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12744,"identifier":"13.1","token":"13.1","url":"\/13.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":83970,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-853","catch_line":"Requirement for and duties of board of directors","url":"\/13.1-853\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-853","metadata":false},{"id":68503,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-854","catch_line":"Qualification of directors","url":"\/13.1-854\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-854","metadata":false},{"id":56717,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-855","catch_line":"Number and election of directors","url":"\/13.1-855\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-855","metadata":false},{"id":73756,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-856","catch_line":"Election of directors by certain classes of members","url":"\/13.1-856\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-856","metadata":false},{"id":68232,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-857","catch_line":"Terms of directors generally","url":"\/13.1-857\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-857","metadata":false},{"id":66939,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-858","catch_line":"Staggered terms of directors","url":"\/13.1-858\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-858","metadata":false},{"id":69249,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-859","catch_line":"Resignation of directors","url":"\/13.1-859\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-859","metadata":false},{"id":81920,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-860","catch_line":"Removal of directors","url":"\/13.1-860\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-860","metadata":false},{"id":72297,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-861","catch_line":"Judicial review of elections","url":"\/13.1-861\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-861","metadata":false},{"id":58753,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-862","catch_line":"Vacancy on board of directors","url":"\/13.1-862\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-862","metadata":false},{"id":69910,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-863","catch_line":"Compensation of directors","url":"\/13.1-863\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-863","metadata":false},{"id":84891,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-864","catch_line":"Meetings of the board of directors","url":"\/13.1-864\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-864","metadata":false},{"id":77538,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-865","catch_line":"Action without meeting of board of directors","url":"\/13.1-865\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-865","metadata":false},{"id":76527,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-866","catch_line":"Notice of board of directors' meetings","url":"\/13.1-866\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-866","metadata":false},{"id":78773,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-867","catch_line":"Waiver of notice by director","url":"\/13.1-867\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-867","metadata":false},{"id":55069,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-868","catch_line":"Quorum and voting by directors","url":"\/13.1-868\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-868","metadata":false},{"id":85811,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-869","catch_line":"Committees","url":"\/13.1-869\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-869","metadata":false},{"id":82285,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-870","catch_line":"General standards of conduct for directors","url":"\/13.1-870\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-870","metadata":false},{"id":60905,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-870.1","catch_line":"Limitation on liability of officers and directors; exception","url":"\/13.1-870.1\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-870.1","metadata":false},{"id":71515,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-870.2","catch_line":"Limitation on liability of officers and directors; additional exception","url":"\/13.1-870.2\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-870.2","metadata":false},{"id":73903,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-871","catch_line":"Director conflict of interests","url":"\/13.1-871\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-871","metadata":false},{"id":54497,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-871.1","catch_line":"Business opportunities","url":"\/13.1-871.1\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-871.1","metadata":false},{"id":69141,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-872","catch_line":"Required officers","url":"\/13.1-872\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-872","metadata":false},{"id":69422,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-873","catch_line":"Duties of officers","url":"\/13.1-873\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-873","metadata":false},{"id":81253,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-874","catch_line":"Resignation and removal of officers","url":"\/13.1-874\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-874","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":54497,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-871.1","catch_line":"Business opportunities","url":"\/13.1-871.1\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-871.1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":69422,"structure_id":13531,"section_number":"13.1-873","catch_line":"Duties of officers","url":"\/13.1-873\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-873","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/13.1-872\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 5 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1956, chapter 428; in 1982, chapter 372; in 1985, chapter 522; in 1994, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?941+ful+CHAP0189\">189<\/a>; in 2007, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?071+ful+CHAP0925\">925<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":77362,"section_number":"13.1-852.1","catch_line":"Member or director agreements","order_by":null,"url":"\/13.1-852.1\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":77362,"section_number":"13.1-852.1","catch_line":"Member or director agreements","order_by":null,"url":"\/13.1-852.1\/"}],"permalink":{"id":148223,"object_type":"law","relational_id":69141,"identifier":"13.1-872","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-872","url":"\/13.1-872\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/13.1-872\/","token":"13.1\/10\/8\/13.1-872","dublin_core":{"Title":"Required officers","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 13.1-872","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> Except as provided in an agreement authorized by &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Member or director agreements\" href=\"\/13.1-852.1\/\">13.1-852.1<\/a>, a <span class=\"dictionary\">corporation<\/span> shall have such officers with such titles and duties as shall be stated in the bylaws or in a resolution of the <span class=\"dictionary\">board of directors<\/span> that is not inconsistent with the bylaws and as may be necessary to enable it to execute <span class=\"dictionary\">documents<\/span> that comply with subsection F of &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Filing requirements\" href=\"\/13.1-804\/\">13.1-804<\/a>. <a id=\"paragraph-250191\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/13.1-872\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> The <span class=\"dictionary\">board of directors<\/span> may elect <span class=\"dictionary\">individuals<\/span> to fill one or more offices of the <span class=\"dictionary\">corporation<\/span>. An officer may appoint one or more officers or assistant officers if authorized by the bylaws or the <span class=\"dictionary\">board of directors<\/span>. <a id=\"paragraph-250192\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/13.1-872\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"C\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">C.<\/span> The secretary or any other officer as designated in the bylaws or by resolution of the board shall have responsibility for preparing and maintaining <span class=\"dictionary\">custody<\/span> of minutes of the directors&#8217; and <span class=\"dictionary\">members<\/span>&#8217; meetings and for authenticating records of the <span class=\"dictionary\">corporation<\/span>. <a id=\"paragraph-250193\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/13.1-872\/#C\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"D\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">D.<\/span> The same <span class=\"dictionary\">individual<\/span> may simultaneously hold more than one office in the <span class=\"dictionary\">corporation<\/span>. <a id=\"paragraph-250194\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/13.1-872\/#D\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nREQUIRED OFFICERS (\u00a7 13.1-872)\n\nA. Except as provided in an agreement authorized by &#xA7; 13.1-852.1, a\ncorporation shall have such officers with such titles and duties as shall be\nstated in the bylaws or in a resolution of the board of directors that is not\ninconsistent with the bylaws and as may be necessary to enable it to execute\ndocuments that comply with subsection F of &#xA7; 13.1-804.\n\nB. The board of directors may elect individuals to fill one or more offices of\nthe corporation. An officer may appoint one or more officers or assistant\nofficers if authorized by the bylaws or the board of directors.\n\nC. The secretary or any other officer as designated in the bylaws or by\nresolution of the board shall have responsibility for preparing and maintaining\ncustody of minutes of the directors&#8217; and members&#8217; meetings and for\nauthenticating records of the corporation.\n\nD. The same individual may simultaneously hold more than one office in the\ncorporation.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 13.1-226; 1956, c. 428; 1982, c. 372; 1985, c. 522; 1994,\nc. 189; 2007, c. 925.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}