{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/15.2-1405.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/15.2-1405.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/15.2-1405.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/15.2-1405.html"}],"law_id":75274,"edition_id":1,"section_id":75274,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1405","catch_line":"Immunity of members of local governmental entities; exception","history":"1987, cc. 261, 290, \u00a7 15.1-7.01; 1997, c. 587.","full_text":"The members of the governing bodies of any locality or political subdivision and the members of boards, commissions, agencies and authorities thereof and other governing bodies of any local governmental entity, whether compensated or not, shall be immune from suit arising from the exercise or failure to exercise their discretionary or governmental authority as members of the governing body, board, commission, agency or authority which does not involve the unauthorized appropriation or misappropriation of funds. However, the immunity granted by this section shall not apply to conduct constituting intentional or willful misconduct or gross negligence.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":270295,"text":"The members of the governing bodies of any locality or political subdivision and the members of boards, commissions, agencies and authorities thereof and other governing bodies of any local governmental entity, whether compensated or not, shall be immune from suit arising from the exercise or failure to exercise their discretionary or governmental authority as members of the governing body, board, commission, agency or authority which does not involve the unauthorized appropriation or misappropriation of funds. However, the immunity granted by this section shall not apply to conduct constituting intentional or willful misconduct or gross negligence.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":15716,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13366,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:58:16","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:58:16","permalink":{"id":152825,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15716,"identifier":"1","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1","url":"\/15.2\/II\/14\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13366,"edition_id":1,"name":"Governing Bodies of Localities","identifier":"14","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12733,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:43","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:43","permalink":{"id":152823,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13366,"identifier":"14","token":"15.2\/II\/14","url":"\/15.2\/II\/14\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12733,"edition_id":1,"name":"Powers of Local Government","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12720,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","permalink":{"id":152369,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12733,"identifier":"II","token":"15.2\/II","url":"\/15.2\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12720,"edition_id":1,"name":"Counties, Cities and Towns","identifier":"15.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":151279,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12720,"identifier":"15.2","token":"15.2","url":"\/15.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":60235,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1400","catch_line":"Governing bodies","url":"\/15.2-1400\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1400","metadata":false},{"id":68214,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1401","catch_line":"Powers granted localities vested in their governing bodies","url":"\/15.2-1401\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1401","metadata":false},{"id":78084,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1402","catch_line":"Declared to be body politic of Commonwealth; seal","url":"\/15.2-1402\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1402","metadata":false},{"id":63331,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1403","catch_line":"Governing body to be continuing body","url":"\/15.2-1403\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1403","metadata":false},{"id":62515,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1404","catch_line":"How localities may sue or be sued; arbitration","url":"\/15.2-1404\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1404","metadata":false},{"id":75274,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1405","catch_line":"Immunity of members of local governmental entities; exception","url":"\/15.2-1405\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1405","metadata":false},{"id":75667,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1406","catch_line":"Compensation of governing bodies","url":"\/15.2-1406\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1406","metadata":false},{"id":87382,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1407","catch_line":"Administrative leave for certain members of governing bodies","url":"\/15.2-1407\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1407","metadata":false},{"id":72456,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1408","catch_line":"Restrictions on activities of former officers and employees by certain counties and cities","url":"\/15.2-1408\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1408","metadata":false},{"id":86892,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1409","catch_line":"Investigations by governing bodies","url":"\/15.2-1409\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1409","metadata":false},{"id":79647,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1410","catch_line":"Chairman and mayor may administer oaths","url":"\/15.2-1410\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1410","metadata":false},{"id":68367,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1411","catch_line":"Appointment of advisory boards, committees and commissions; compensation and reimbursement of expenses","url":"\/15.2-1411\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1411","metadata":false},{"id":63619,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1412","catch_line":"Reproductions of records and documents and legal status thereof; destruction of originals","url":"\/15.2-1412\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1412","metadata":false},{"id":87481,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1413","catch_line":"Governing bodies of localities may provide for continuity of government in case of enemy attack, etc","url":"\/15.2-1413\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1413","metadata":false},{"id":61372,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1414","catch_line":"Governing bodies may have a legal enumeration of the population","url":"\/15.2-1414\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1414","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":62515,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1404","catch_line":"How localities may sue or be sued; arbitration","url":"\/15.2-1404\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1404","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":75667,"structure_id":15716,"section_number":"15.2-1406","catch_line":"Compensation of governing bodies","url":"\/15.2-1406\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1406","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/15.2-1405\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1987. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters 261 and 290 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1987 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 1997, chapter 587<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":61434,"section_number":"33.2-332","catch_line":"Requesting Department of Transportation to hard-surface secondary highways; paving of certain secondary highways within existing rights-of-way; designation as Rural Rustic Road","order_by":null,"url":"\/33.2-332\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":152847,"object_type":"law","relational_id":75274,"identifier":"15.2-1405","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1405","url":"\/15.2-1405\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/15.2-1405\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/1\/15.2-1405","dublin_core":{"Title":"Immunity of members of local governmental entities; exception","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 15.2-1405","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

The members of the governing bodies of any locality<\/span> or political subdivision and the members of boards, commissions, agencies and authorities thereof and other governing bodies of any local governmental entity, whether compensated or not, shall be immune from suit arising from the exercise or failure to exercise their discretionary or governmental authority as members of the governing body<\/span>, board, commission, agency or authority which does not involve the unauthorized appropriation or misappropriation of funds. However, the immunity granted by this section shall not apply to conduct constituting intentional or willful misconduct or gross negligence<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nIMMUNITY OF MEMBERS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTAL ENTITIES; EXCEPTION (\u00a7 15.2-1405)\n\nThe members of the governing bodies of any locality or political subdivision and\nthe members of boards, commissions, agencies and authorities thereof and other\ngoverning bodies of any local governmental entity, whether compensated or not,\nshall be immune from suit arising from the exercise or failure to exercise their\ndiscretionary or governmental authority as members of the governing body, board,\ncommission, agency or authority which does not involve the unauthorized\nappropriation or misappropriation of funds. However, the immunity granted by\nthis section shall not apply to conduct constituting intentional or willful\nmisconduct or gross negligence.\n\nHISTORY: 1987, cc. 261, 290, \u00a7 15.1-7.01; 1997, c. 587.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}