{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/15.2-2318.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/15.2-2318.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/15.2-2318.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/15.2-2318.html"}],"law_id":72245,"edition_id":1,"section_id":72245,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2318","catch_line":"Definitions","history":"1989, c. 485, \u00a7 15.1-498.2; 1992, c. 465; 1997, c. 587; 2007, c. 896.","full_text":"As used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning:\n\t\t“Cost” includes, in addition to all labor, materials, machinery and equipment for construction, (i) acquisition of land, rights-of-way, property rights, easements and interests, including the costs of moving or relocating utilities, (ii) demolition or removal of any structure on land so acquired, including acquisition of land to which such structure may be moved, (iii) survey, engineering, and architectural expenses, (iv) legal, administrative, and other related expenses, and (v) interest charges and other financing costs if impact fees are used for the payment of principal and interest on bonds, notes or other obligations issued by the locality to finance the road improvement.\n\t\t“Impact fee” means a charge or assessment imposed against new development in order to generate revenue to fund or recover the costs of reasonable road improvements benefiting the new development. Impact fees may not be assessed and imposed for road repair, operation and maintenance, nor to meet demand which existed prior to the new development.\n\t\t“Impact fee service area” means an area designated within the comprehensive plan of a locality having clearly defined boundaries and clearly related traffic needs and within which development is to be subject to the assessment of impact fees.\n\t\t“Road improvement” includes construction of new roads or improvement or expansion of existing roads and related appurtenances as required by applicable standards of the Virginia Department of Transportation, or the applicable standards of a locality with road maintenance responsibilities, to meet increased demand attributable to new development. Road improvements do not include on-site construction of roads which a developer may be required to provide pursuant to \u00a7\u00a7 15.2-2241 through 15.2-2245.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":260233,"text":"As used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning:\n\t\t“Cost” includes, in addition to all labor, materials, machinery and equipment for construction, (i) acquisition of land, rights-of-way, property rights, easements and interests, including the costs of moving or relocating utilities, (ii) demolition or removal of any structure on land so acquired, including acquisition of land to which such structure may be moved, (iii) survey, engineering, and architectural expenses, (iv) legal, administrative, and other related expenses, and (v) interest charges and other financing costs if impact fees are used for the payment of principal and interest on bonds, notes or other obligations issued by the locality to finance the road improvement.\n\t\t“Impact fee” means a charge or assessment imposed against new development in order to generate revenue to fund or recover the costs of reasonable road improvements benefiting the new development. Impact fees may not be assessed and imposed for road repair, operation and maintenance, nor to meet demand which existed prior to the new development.\n\t\t“Impact fee service area” means an area designated within the comprehensive plan of a locality having clearly defined boundaries and clearly related traffic needs and within which development is to be subject to the assessment of impact fees.\n\t\t“Road improvement” includes construction of new roads or improvement or expansion of existing roads and related appurtenances as required by applicable standards of the Virginia Department of Transportation, or the applicable standards of a locality with road maintenance responsibilities, to meet increased demand attributable to new development. Road improvements do not include on-site construction of roads which a developer may be required to provide pursuant to \u00a7\u00a7 15.2-2241 through 15.2-2245.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":15133,"edition_id":1,"name":"Road Impact Fees","identifier":"8","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12774,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:52:25","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:52:25","permalink":{"id":155533,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15133,"identifier":"8","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8","url":"\/15.2\/II\/22\/8\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12774,"edition_id":1,"name":"Planning, Subdivision of Land and Zoning","identifier":"22","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12733,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":154795,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12774,"identifier":"22","token":"15.2\/II\/22","url":"\/15.2\/II\/22\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12733,"edition_id":1,"name":"Powers of Local Government","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12720,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","permalink":{"id":152369,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12733,"identifier":"II","token":"15.2\/II","url":"\/15.2\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12720,"edition_id":1,"name":"Counties, Cities and Towns","identifier":"15.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":151279,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12720,"identifier":"15.2","token":"15.2","url":"\/15.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":60124,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2317","catch_line":"Applicability of article","url":"\/15.2-2317\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2317","metadata":false},{"id":72245,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2318","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/15.2-2318\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2318","metadata":false},{"id":70557,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2319","catch_line":"Authority to assess and impose impact fees","url":"\/15.2-2319\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2319","metadata":false},{"id":62997,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2320","catch_line":"Impact fee service areas to be established","url":"\/15.2-2320\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2320","metadata":false},{"id":57655,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2321","catch_line":"Adoption of road improvements program","url":"\/15.2-2321\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2321","metadata":false},{"id":85260,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2322","catch_line":"Adoption of impact fee and schedule","url":"\/15.2-2322\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2322","metadata":false},{"id":64793,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2323","catch_line":"When impact fees assessed and imposed","url":"\/15.2-2323\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2323","metadata":false},{"id":76710,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2324","catch_line":"Credits against impact fee","url":"\/15.2-2324\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2324","metadata":false},{"id":74392,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2325","catch_line":"Updating plan and amending impact fee","url":"\/15.2-2325\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2325","metadata":false},{"id":62403,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2326","catch_line":"Use of proceeds","url":"\/15.2-2326\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2326","metadata":false},{"id":76626,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2327","catch_line":"Refund of impact fees","url":"\/15.2-2327\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2327","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":60124,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2317","catch_line":"Applicability of article","url":"\/15.2-2317\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2317","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":70557,"structure_id":15133,"section_number":"15.2-2319","catch_line":"Authority to assess and impose impact fees","url":"\/15.2-2319\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2319","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/15.2-2318\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1989. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 485 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1989 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1992, chapter 465; in 1997, chapter 587<\/a>; in 2007, chapter 896<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":81439,"section_number":"15.2-2241","catch_line":"Mandatory provisions of a subdivision ordinance","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-2241\/"},{"id":61355,"section_number":"15.2-2245","catch_line":"Provisions for periodic partial and final release of certain performance guarantees","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-2245\/"}],"permalink":{"id":155539,"object_type":"law","relational_id":72245,"identifier":"15.2-2318","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2318","url":"\/15.2-2318\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/15.2-2318\/","token":"15.2\/II\/22\/8\/15.2-2318","dublin_core":{"Title":"Definitions","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 15.2-2318","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

As used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning:\n\t\t“Cost” includes, in addition to all labor, materials<\/span>, machinery and equipment for construction, (i) acquisition of land, rights-of-way, property rights, easements and interests, including the costs of moving or relocating utilities, (ii) demolition or removal of any structure on land so acquired, including acquisition of land to which such structure may be moved, (iii) survey, engineering, and architectural expenses, (iv) legal, administrative, and other related expenses, and (v) interest charges and other financing costs if impact fees<\/span> are used for the payment of principal and interest on bonds<\/span>, notes or other obligations issued by the locality<\/span> to finance the road improvement<\/span>.\n\t\t“Impact fee” means a charge or assessment imposed against new development<\/span> in order<\/span> to generate revenue to fund or recover the costs of reasonable road improvements<\/span> benefiting the new development<\/span>. Impact fees<\/span> may not be assessed and imposed for road repair, operation and maintenance, nor to meet demand which existed prior to the new development<\/span>.\n\t\t“Impact fee service area<\/span>” means an area designated within the comprehensive plan of a locality<\/span> having clearly defined boundaries and clearly related traffic needs and within which development<\/span> is to be subject to the assessment of impact fees<\/span>.\n\t\t“Road improvement<\/span>” includes construction of new roads or improvement or expansion of existing roads and related appurtenances as required by applicable standards of the Virginia Department of Transportation, or the applicable standards of a locality<\/span> with road maintenance responsibilities, to meet increased demand attributable to new development<\/span>. Road improvements<\/span> do not include on-site construction of roads which a developer may be required to provide pursuant to \u00a7\u00a7 15.2-2241<\/a> through 15.2-2245<\/a>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nDEFINITIONS (\u00a7 15.2-2318)\n\nAs used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning:\n\t\t“Cost” includes, in addition to all labor, materials, machinery\nand equipment for construction, (i) acquisition of land, rights-of-way, property\nrights, easements and interests, including the costs of moving or relocating\nutilities, (ii) demolition or removal of any structure on land so acquired,\nincluding acquisition of land to which such structure may be moved, (iii)\nsurvey, engineering, and architectural expenses, (iv) legal, administrative, and\nother related expenses, and (v) interest charges and other financing costs if\nimpact fees are used for the payment of principal and interest on bonds, notes\nor other obligations issued by the locality to finance the road improvement.\n\t\t“Impact fee” means a charge or assessment imposed against new\ndevelopment in order to generate revenue to fund or recover the costs of\nreasonable road improvements benefiting the new development. Impact fees may not\nbe assessed and imposed for road repair, operation and maintenance, nor to meet\ndemand which existed prior to the new development.\n\t\t“Impact fee service area” means an area designated within the\ncomprehensive plan of a locality having clearly defined boundaries and clearly\nrelated traffic needs and within which development is to be subject to the\nassessment of impact fees.\n\t\t“Road improvement” includes construction of new roads or\nimprovement or expansion of existing roads and related appurtenances as required\nby applicable standards of the Virginia Department of Transportation, or the\napplicable standards of a locality with road maintenance responsibilities, to\nmeet increased demand attributable to new development. Road improvements do not\ninclude on-site construction of roads which a developer may be required to\nprovide pursuant to \u00a7\u00a7 15.2-2241 through 15.2-2245.\n\nHISTORY: 1989, c. 485, \u00a7 15.1-498.2; 1992, c. 465; 1997, c. 587; 2007, c. 896.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}