{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/15.2-5431.36.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/15.2-5431.36.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/15.2-5431.36.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/15.2-5431.36.html"}],"law_id":76332,"edition_id":1,"section_id":76332,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.36","catch_line":"Liability of members or officers","history":"2003, c. 643.","full_text":"No member of any authority or officer of any governing body of locality creating such authority, or person or persons acting in their behalf, while acting within the scope of their authority shall be subject to any personal liability by reason of his carrying out of any of the powers expressly given in this chapter.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":274025,"text":"No member of any authority or officer of any governing body of locality creating such authority, or person or persons acting in their behalf, while acting within the scope of their authority shall be subject to any personal liability by reason of his carrying out of any of the powers expressly given in this chapter.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13386,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Wireless Service Authorities Act","identifier":"54.1","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12721,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:46","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:46","permalink":{"id":159317,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13386,"identifier":"54.1","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1","url":"\/15.2\/IV\/54.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12721,"edition_id":1,"name":"Other Governmental Entities","identifier":"IV","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12720,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":157897,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12721,"identifier":"IV","token":"15.2\/IV","url":"\/15.2\/IV\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12720,"edition_id":1,"name":"Counties, Cities and Towns","identifier":"15.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":151279,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12720,"identifier":"15.2","token":"15.2","url":"\/15.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":61785,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.1","catch_line":"Title of chapter; construction","url":"\/15.2-5431.1\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.1","metadata":false},{"id":71650,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.10","catch_line":"Members of authority board; chief administrative or executive officer","url":"\/15.2-5431.10\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.10","metadata":false},{"id":70147,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.11","catch_line":"Powers of authority","url":"\/15.2-5431.11\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.11","metadata":false},{"id":61982,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.12","catch_line":"Contracts relating to use of systems","url":"\/15.2-5431.12\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.12","metadata":false},{"id":82027,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.13","catch_line":"Insurance for employees","url":"\/15.2-5431.13\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.13","metadata":false},{"id":56110,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.14","catch_line":"Issuance of revenue bonds","url":"\/15.2-5431.14\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.14","metadata":false},{"id":81744,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.15","catch_line":"Time for contesting validity of proposed bond issue; when bonds presumed valid","url":"\/15.2-5431.15\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.15","metadata":false},{"id":86453,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.16","catch_line":"Proceeds of bonds","url":"\/15.2-5431.16\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.16","metadata":false},{"id":84441,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.17","catch_line":"Interim receipts and temporary bonds; bonds mutilated, lost or destroyed","url":"\/15.2-5431.17\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.17","metadata":false},{"id":85429,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.18","catch_line":"Provisions of chapter only requirements for issue","url":"\/15.2-5431.18\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.18","metadata":false},{"id":64093,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.19","catch_line":"Limitations in bond resolution or trust agreement","url":"\/15.2-5431.19\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.19","metadata":false},{"id":58403,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.2","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/15.2-5431.2\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.2","metadata":false},{"id":80546,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.20","catch_line":"Bonds not debts of Commonwealth or participating political subdivision","url":"\/15.2-5431.20\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.20","metadata":false},{"id":84207,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.21","catch_line":"Exemption from taxation","url":"\/15.2-5431.21\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.21","metadata":false},{"id":57496,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.22","catch_line":"Trust agreement; bond resolution","url":"\/15.2-5431.22\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.22","metadata":false},{"id":67883,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.23","catch_line":"Disposition of unclaimed funds due on matured bonds or coupons","url":"\/15.2-5431.23\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.23","metadata":false},{"id":73153,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.24","catch_line":"Contracts concerning interest rates, currency, cash flow and other basis","url":"\/15.2-5431.24\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.24","metadata":false},{"id":67301,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.25","catch_line":"Rates and charges","url":"\/15.2-5431.25\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.25","metadata":false},{"id":59135,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.26","catch_line":"Enforcement of charges","url":"\/15.2-5431.26\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.26","metadata":false},{"id":54359,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.27","catch_line":"Lien for charges","url":"\/15.2-5431.27\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.27","metadata":false},{"id":77572,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.28","catch_line":"Trust funds","url":"\/15.2-5431.28\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.28","metadata":false},{"id":85539,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.29","catch_line":"Bondholder's remedies","url":"\/15.2-5431.29\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.29","metadata":false},{"id":87499,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.3","catch_line":"Creation of authority","url":"\/15.2-5431.3\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.3","metadata":false},{"id":61565,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.30","catch_line":"Refunding bonds","url":"\/15.2-5431.30\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.30","metadata":false},{"id":75635,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.31","catch_line":"Purchase in open market or otherwise","url":"\/15.2-5431.31\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.31","metadata":false},{"id":63793,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.32","catch_line":"Investment in bonds","url":"\/15.2-5431.32\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.32","metadata":false},{"id":67014,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.33","catch_line":"Financial report; authority budget; audit","url":"\/15.2-5431.33\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.33","metadata":false},{"id":55146,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.34","catch_line":"Use of state land","url":"\/15.2-5431.34\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.34","metadata":false},{"id":78387,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.35","catch_line":"Powers of localities to make grants and conveyances to and contracts with authority","url":"\/15.2-5431.35\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.35","metadata":false},{"id":78049,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.35:1","catch_line":"Creating or joining more than one authority","url":"\/15.2-5431.35_1\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.35_1","metadata":false},{"id":76332,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.36","catch_line":"Liability of members or officers","url":"\/15.2-5431.36\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.36","metadata":false},{"id":76654,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.37","catch_line":"Provisions of chapter cumulative; construction","url":"\/15.2-5431.37\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.37","metadata":false},{"id":73930,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.4","catch_line":"Resolution creating authority to include articles of incorporation","url":"\/15.2-5431.4\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.4","metadata":false},{"id":76825,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.5","catch_line":"Advertisement of resolution and notice of hearing","url":"\/15.2-5431.5\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.5","metadata":false},{"id":87226,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.6","catch_line":"Hearing; referendum","url":"\/15.2-5431.6\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.6","metadata":false},{"id":69398,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.7","catch_line":"Filing articles of incorporation","url":"\/15.2-5431.7\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.7","metadata":false},{"id":64588,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.8","catch_line":"Issuance of certificate or charter","url":"\/15.2-5431.8\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.8","metadata":false},{"id":61001,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.8:1","catch_line":"Amendment of articles of incorporation","url":"\/15.2-5431.8_1\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.8_1","metadata":false},{"id":83003,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.9","catch_line":"Dissolution and termination of authority","url":"\/15.2-5431.9\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.9","metadata":false},{"id":79934,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.9:1","catch_line":"Joinder of another locality or authority; withdrawal from authority","url":"\/15.2-5431.9_1\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.9_1","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":78049,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.35:1","catch_line":"Creating or joining more than one authority","url":"\/15.2-5431.35_1\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.35_1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":76654,"structure_id":13386,"section_number":"15.2-5431.37","catch_line":"Provisions of chapter cumulative; construction","url":"\/15.2-5431.37\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.37","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/15.2-5431.36\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 2003. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?031+ful+CHAP0643\">643<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":159439,"object_type":"law","relational_id":76332,"identifier":"15.2-5431.36","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.36","url":"\/15.2-5431.36\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/15.2-5431.36\/","token":"15.2\/IV\/54.1\/15.2-5431.36","dublin_core":{"Title":"Liability of members or officers","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 15.2-5431.36","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>No member of any <span class=\"dictionary\">authority<\/span> or officer of any <span class=\"dictionary\">governing body<\/span> of <span class=\"dictionary\">locality<\/span> creating such <span class=\"dictionary\">authority<\/span>, or person or persons acting in their behalf, while acting within the scope of their <span class=\"dictionary\">authority<\/span> shall be subject to any personal liability by reason of his carrying out of any of the powers expressly given in this chapter.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nLIABILITY OF MEMBERS OR OFFICERS (\u00a7 15.2-5431.36)\n\nNo member of any authority or officer of any governing body of locality creating\nsuch authority, or person or persons acting in their behalf, while acting within\nthe scope of their authority shall be subject to any personal liability by\nreason of his carrying out of any of the powers expressly given in this chapter.\n\nHISTORY: 2003, c. 643.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}