{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/16.1-131.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/16.1-131.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/16.1-131.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/16.1-131.html"}],"law_id":84532,"edition_id":1,"section_id":84532,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-131","catch_line":"Subpoenas duces tecum and recognizances of witnesses; applicable provisions","history":"1956, c. 555; 1986, c. 160.","full_text":"The provisions of \u00a7 16.1-90 with respect to recognizances for witnesses upon the continuation of any case, shall be applicable to proceedings of a criminal nature as well as to civil actions. The provisions of Rule 3A:12 of the Rules of the Supreme Court shall apply to the issuance of a subpoena duces tecum and punishment for failure to comply.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":302940,"text":"The provisions of \u00a7 16.1-90 with respect to recognizances for witnesses upon the continuation of any case, shall be applicable to proceedings of a criminal nature as well as to civil actions. The provisions of Rule 3A:12 of the Rules of the Supreme Court shall apply to the issuance of a subpoena duces tecum and punishment for failure to comply.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":14093,"edition_id":1,"name":"Procedure in Criminal Cases","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":14092,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:51","permalink":{"id":162709,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14093,"identifier":"2","token":"16.1\/7\/2","url":"\/16.1\/7\/2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":14092,"edition_id":1,"name":"Jurisdiction and Procedure in Criminal Matters","identifier":"7","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12700,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:51","permalink":{"id":162681,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14092,"identifier":"7","token":"16.1\/7","url":"\/16.1\/7\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12700,"edition_id":1,"name":"Courts Not of Record","identifier":"16.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":160919,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12700,"identifier":"16.1","token":"16.1","url":"\/16.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":79820,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-129","catch_line":"Offenses tried on warrants, or as provided in Chapter 7 of Title 19.2","url":"\/16.1-129\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-129","metadata":false},{"id":80476,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-129.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/16.1-129.1\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-129.1","metadata":false},{"id":83450,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-129.2","catch_line":"Procedure when warrant defective","url":"\/16.1-129.2\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-129.2","metadata":false},{"id":70984,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-129.3","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/16.1-129.3\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-129.3","metadata":false},{"id":55553,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-130","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/16.1-130\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-130","metadata":false},{"id":84532,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-131","catch_line":"Subpoenas duces tecum and recognizances of witnesses; applicable provisions","url":"\/16.1-131\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-131","metadata":false},{"id":78480,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-131.1","catch_line":"Procedure when constitutionality of a statute is challenged in a court not of record","url":"\/16.1-131.1\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-131.1","metadata":false},{"id":73603,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-132","catch_line":"Right of appeal","url":"\/16.1-132\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-132","metadata":false},{"id":61066,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-133","catch_line":"Withdrawal of appeal","url":"\/16.1-133\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-133","metadata":false},{"id":56683,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-133.1","catch_line":"Reopening case after conviction","url":"\/16.1-133.1\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-133.1","metadata":false},{"id":56149,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-134","catch_line":"Appeal by Commonwealth in revenue cases","url":"\/16.1-134\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-134","metadata":false},{"id":55218,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-135","catch_line":"Bail and recognizance; papers filed with circuit court","url":"\/16.1-135\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-135","metadata":false},{"id":59714,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-136","catch_line":"How appeal tried","url":"\/16.1-136\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-136","metadata":false},{"id":63822,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-137","catch_line":"Procedure on appeal when warrant defective","url":"\/16.1-137\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-137","metadata":false},{"id":81625,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-138","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/16.1-138\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-138","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":55553,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-130","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/16.1-130\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-130","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":78480,"structure_id":14093,"section_number":"16.1-131.1","catch_line":"Procedure when constitutionality of a statute is challenged in a court not of record","url":"\/16.1-131.1\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-131.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/16.1-131\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1956. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 555 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1956 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 1986, chapter 160.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":73564,"section_number":"16.1-90","catch_line":"Recognizance upon continuation of case","order_by":null,"url":"\/16.1-90\/"}],"permalink":{"id":162731,"object_type":"law","relational_id":84532,"identifier":"16.1-131","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-131","url":"\/16.1-131\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/16.1-131\/","token":"16.1\/7\/2\/16.1-131","dublin_core":{"Title":"Subpoenas duces tecum and recognizances of witnesses; applicable provisions","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 16.1-131","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>The provisions of \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Recognizance upon continuation of case\" href=\"\/16.1-90\/\">16.1-90<\/a> with respect to <span class=\"dictionary\">recognizances<\/span> for witnesses upon the continuation of any case, shall be applicable to proceedings of a criminal nature as well as to <span class=\"dictionary\">civil actions<\/span>. The provisions of Rule 3A:12 of the Rules of the Supreme <span class=\"dictionary\">Court<\/span> shall apply to the issuance of a <span class=\"dictionary\">subpoena duces tecum<\/span> and punishment for failure to comply.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nSUBPOENAS DUCES TECUM AND RECOGNIZANCES OF WITNESSES; APPLICABLE PROVISIONS (\u00a7\n16.1-131)\n\nThe provisions of \u00a7 16.1-90 with respect to recognizances for witnesses upon\nthe continuation of any case, shall be applicable to proceedings of a criminal\nnature as well as to civil actions. The provisions of Rule 3A:12 of the Rules of\nthe Supreme Court shall apply to the issuance of a subpoena duces tecum and\npunishment for failure to comply.\n\nHISTORY: 1956, c. 555; 1986, c. 160.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}