{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/16.1-334.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/16.1-334.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/16.1-334.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/16.1-334.html"}],"law_id":82754,"edition_id":1,"section_id":82754,"structure_id":12932,"section_number":"16.1-334","catch_line":"Effects of order","history":"1986, c. 506; 1990, c. 568; 1993, c. 778; 2024, c. 737.","full_text":"An order that a minor is emancipated shall have the following effects:\n\n1\n\nThe minor may consent to medical, dental, or psychiatric care, without parental consent, knowledge, or liability;2\n\nThe minor may enter into a binding contract or execute a will;3\n\nThe minor may sue and be sued in his own name;4\n\nThe minor shall be entitled to his own earnings and shall be free of control by his parents or guardian;5\n\nThe minor may establish his own residence;6\n\nThe minor may buy and sell real property;7\n\nThe minor may not thereafter be the subject of a petition under this chapter as abused, neglected, abandoned, in need of services, in need of supervision, or in violation of a juvenile curfew ordinance enacted by a local governing body;8\n\nThe minor may enroll in any school or institution of higher education, without parental consent;9\n\nThe minor may secure a driver’s license under § 46.2-334 or § 46.2-335 without parental consent;10\n\nThe parents of the minor shall no longer be the guardians of the minor;11\n\nThe parents of a minor shall be relieved of any obligations respecting his school attendance under Article 1 (§ 22.1-254 et seq.) of Chapter 14 of Title 22.1;12\n\nThe parents shall be relieved of all obligation to support the minor;13\n\nThe minor shall be emancipated for the purposes of parental liability for his acts;14\n\nThe minor may execute releases in his own name; and15\n\nThe minor may not have a guardian ad litem appointed for him pursuant to any statute solely because he is under age 18.\n\t\t\tThe acts done when such order is or is purported to be in effect shall be valid notwithstanding any subsequent action terminating such order or a judicial determination that the order was void ab initio.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":296645,"text":"An order that a minor is emancipated shall have the following effects:","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":"1"},"1":{"id":296646,"text":"The minor may consent to medical, dental, or psychiatric care, without parental consent, knowledge, or liability;","type":"section","prefixes":["1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"1","prefix_anchor":"1","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":"2"},"2":{"id":296647,"text":"The minor may enter into a binding contract or execute a will;","type":"section","prefixes":["2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"2","prefix_anchor":"2","level":1,"prior_prefix":"1","next_prefix":"3"},"3":{"id":296648,"text":"The minor may sue and be sued in his own name;","type":"section","prefixes":["3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"3","prefix_anchor":"3","level":1,"prior_prefix":"2","next_prefix":"4"},"4":{"id":296649,"text":"The minor shall be entitled to his own earnings and shall be free of control by his parents or guardian;","type":"section","prefixes":["4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"4","prefix_anchor":"4","level":1,"prior_prefix":"3","next_prefix":"5"},"5":{"id":296650,"text":"The minor may establish his own residence;","type":"section","prefixes":["5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"5","prefix_anchor":"5","level":1,"prior_prefix":"4","next_prefix":"6"},"6":{"id":296651,"text":"The minor may buy and sell real property;","type":"section","prefixes":["6"],"prefix":"6","entire_prefix":"6","prefix_anchor":"6","level":1,"prior_prefix":"5","next_prefix":"7"},"7":{"id":296652,"text":"The minor may not thereafter be the subject of a petition under this chapter as abused, neglected, abandoned, in need of services, in need of supervision, or in violation of a juvenile curfew ordinance enacted by a local governing body;","type":"section","prefixes":["7"],"prefix":"7","entire_prefix":"7","prefix_anchor":"7","level":1,"prior_prefix":"6","next_prefix":"8"},"8":{"id":296653,"text":"The minor may enroll in any school or institution of higher education, without parental consent;","type":"section","prefixes":["8"],"prefix":"8","entire_prefix":"8","prefix_anchor":"8","level":1,"prior_prefix":"7","next_prefix":"9"},"9":{"id":296654,"text":"The minor may secure a driver’s license under § 46.2-334 or § 46.2-335 without parental consent;","type":"section","prefixes":["9"],"prefix":"9","entire_prefix":"9","prefix_anchor":"9","level":1,"prior_prefix":"8","next_prefix":"10"},"10":{"id":296655,"text":"The parents of the minor shall no longer be the guardians of the minor;","type":"section","prefixes":["10"],"prefix":"10","entire_prefix":"10","prefix_anchor":"10","level":1,"prior_prefix":"9","next_prefix":"11"},"11":{"id":296656,"text":"The parents of a minor shall be relieved of any obligations respecting his school attendance under Article 1 (§ 22.1-254 et seq.) of Chapter 14 of Title 22.1;","type":"section","prefixes":["11"],"prefix":"11","entire_prefix":"11","prefix_anchor":"11","level":1,"prior_prefix":"10","next_prefix":"12"},"12":{"id":296657,"text":"The parents shall be relieved of all obligation to support the minor;","type":"section","prefixes":["12"],"prefix":"12","entire_prefix":"12","prefix_anchor":"12","level":1,"prior_prefix":"11","next_prefix":"13"},"13":{"id":296658,"text":"The minor shall be emancipated for the purposes of parental liability for his acts;","type":"section","prefixes":["13"],"prefix":"13","entire_prefix":"13","prefix_anchor":"13","level":1,"prior_prefix":"12","next_prefix":"14"},"14":{"id":296659,"text":"The minor may execute releases in his own name; and","type":"section","prefixes":["14"],"prefix":"14","entire_prefix":"14","prefix_anchor":"14","level":1,"prior_prefix":"13","next_prefix":"15"},"15":{"id":296660,"text":"The minor may not have a guardian ad litem appointed for him pursuant to any statute solely because he is under age 18.\n\t\t\tThe acts done when such order is or is purported to be in effect shall be valid notwithstanding any subsequent action terminating such order or a judicial determination that the order was void ab initio.","type":"section","prefixes":["15"],"prefix":"15","entire_prefix":"15","prefix_anchor":"15","level":1,"prior_prefix":"14"}},"ancestry":[{"id":12932,"edition_id":1,"name":"Emancipation of Minors","identifier":"15","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12701,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:03","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:03","permalink":{"id":161227,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12932,"identifier":"15","token":"16.1\/11\/15","url":"\/16.1\/11\/15\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12701,"edition_id":1,"name":"Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts","identifier":"11","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12700,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":160945,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12701,"identifier":"11","token":"16.1\/11","url":"\/16.1\/11\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12700,"edition_id":1,"name":"Courts Not of Record","identifier":"16.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":160919,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12700,"identifier":"16.1","token":"16.1","url":"\/16.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":57297,"structure_id":12932,"section_number":"16.1-331","catch_line":"Petition for emancipation","url":"\/16.1-331\/","token":"16.1\/11\/15\/16.1-331","metadata":false},{"id":54037,"structure_id":12932,"section_number":"16.1-332","catch_line":"Orders of court; investigation, report and appointment of counsel","url":"\/16.1-332\/","token":"16.1\/11\/15\/16.1-332","metadata":false},{"id":72397,"structure_id":12932,"section_number":"16.1-333","catch_line":"Findings necessary to order that minor is emancipated","url":"\/16.1-333\/","token":"16.1\/11\/15\/16.1-333","metadata":false},{"id":72605,"structure_id":12932,"section_number":"16.1-333.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/16.1-333.1\/","token":"16.1\/11\/15\/16.1-333.1","metadata":false},{"id":82754,"structure_id":12932,"section_number":"16.1-334","catch_line":"Effects of order","url":"\/16.1-334\/","token":"16.1\/11\/15\/16.1-334","metadata":false},{"id":54828,"structure_id":12932,"section_number":"16.1-334.1","catch_line":"Identification card issued to minor by DMV","url":"\/16.1-334.1\/","token":"16.1\/11\/15\/16.1-334.1","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":72605,"structure_id":12932,"section_number":"16.1-333.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/16.1-333.1\/","token":"16.1\/11\/15\/16.1-333.1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":54828,"structure_id":12932,"section_number":"16.1-334.1","catch_line":"Identification card issued to minor by DMV","url":"\/16.1-334.1\/","token":"16.1\/11\/15\/16.1-334.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/16.1-334\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1986. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 506 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1986 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1990, chapter 568; in 1993, chapter 778; in 2024, chapter 737<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":54828,"section_number":"16.1-334.1","catch_line":"Identification card issued to minor by DMV","order_by":null,"url":"\/16.1-334.1\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":64677,"section_number":"22.1-254","catch_line":"Compulsory attendance required; excuses and waivers; alternative education program attendance; exemptions from article","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-254\/"},{"id":55605,"section_number":"46.2-334","catch_line":"Conditions and requirements for licensure of persons under 18","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-334\/"},{"id":80637,"section_number":"46.2-335","catch_line":"Learner's permits; fees; certification required","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-335\/"}],"permalink":{"id":161245,"object_type":"law","relational_id":82754,"identifier":"16.1-334","token":"16.1\/11\/15\/16.1-334","url":"\/16.1-334\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/16.1-334\/","token":"16.1\/11\/15\/16.1-334","dublin_core":{"Title":"Effects of order","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 16.1-334","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

An order<\/span> that a minor<\/span> is emancipated shall have the following effects:<\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> The minor<\/span> may consent to medical, dental, or psychiatric care, without parental consent, knowledge, or liability; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> The minor<\/span> may enter into a binding contract<\/span> or execute a will; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> The minor<\/span> may sue and be sued in his own name; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> The minor<\/span> shall be entitled to his own earnings and shall be free of control by his parents or guardian; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

5.<\/span> The minor<\/span> may establish his own residence; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

6.<\/span> The minor<\/span> may buy and sell real property; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

7.<\/span> The minor<\/span> may not thereafter be the subject of a petition<\/span> under this chapter as abused, neglected, abandoned, in need of services, in need of supervision, or in violation of a juvenile curfew ordinance<\/span> enacted by a local governing body; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

8.<\/span> The minor<\/span> may enroll in any school or institution of higher education, without parental consent; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

9.<\/span> The minor<\/span> may secure a driver’s license under § 46.2-334<\/a> or § 46.2-335<\/a> without parental consent; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

10.<\/span> The parents of the minor<\/span> shall no longer be the guardians of the minor<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

11.<\/span> The parents of a minor<\/span> shall be relieved of any obligations respecting his school attendance under Article 1 (§ 22.1-254<\/a> et seq.) of Chapter 14 of Title 22.1; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

12.<\/span> The parents shall be relieved of all obligation to support the minor<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

13.<\/span> The minor<\/span> shall be emancipated for the purposes of parental liability for his acts; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

14.<\/span> The minor<\/span> may execute releases in his own name; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

15.<\/span> The minor<\/span> may not have a guardian ad litem<\/span> appointed for him pursuant to any statute<\/span> solely because he is under age 18.\n\t\t\tThe acts done when such order<\/span> is or is purported to be in effect shall be valid notwithstanding any subsequent action terminating such order<\/span> or a judicial determination that the order<\/span> was void ab initio. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nEFFECTS OF ORDER (\u00a7 16.1-334)\n\nAn order that a minor is emancipated shall have the following effects:\n\n1. The minor may consent to medical, dental, or psychiatric care, without\nparental consent, knowledge, or liability;\n\n2. The minor may enter into a binding contract or execute a will;\n\n3. The minor may sue and be sued in his own name;\n\n4. The minor shall be entitled to his own earnings and shall be free of control\nby his parents or guardian;\n\n5. The minor may establish his own residence;\n\n6. The minor may buy and sell real property;\n\n7. The minor may not thereafter be the subject of a petition under this chapter\nas abused, neglected, abandoned, in need of services, in need of supervision, or\nin violation of a juvenile curfew ordinance enacted by a local governing body;\n\n8. The minor may enroll in any school or institution of higher education,\nwithout parental consent;\n\n9. The minor may secure a driver’s license under § 46.2-334 or §\n46.2-335 without parental consent;\n\n10. The parents of the minor shall no longer be the guardians of the minor;\n\n11. The parents of a minor shall be relieved of any obligations respecting his\nschool attendance under Article 1 (§ 22.1-254 et seq.) of Chapter 14 of\nTitle 22.1;\n\n12. The parents shall be relieved of all obligation to support the minor;\n\n13. The minor shall be emancipated for the purposes of parental liability for\nhis acts;\n\n14. The minor may execute releases in his own name; and\n\n15. The minor may not have a guardian ad litem appointed for him pursuant to any\nstatute solely because he is under age 18.\n\t\t\tThe acts done when such order is or is purported to be in effect shall be\nvalid notwithstanding any subsequent action terminating such order or a judicial\ndetermination that the order was void ab initio.\n\nHISTORY: 1986, c. 506; 1990, c. 568; 1993, c. 778; 2024, c. 737.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}