{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/16.1-93.1.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/16.1-93.1.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/16.1-93.1.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/16.1-93.1.html"}],"law_id":83719,"edition_id":1,"section_id":83719,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-93.1","catch_line":"Use of telephonic communication systems or electronic video and audio communication systems to conduct hearing","history":"2001, c. 513.","full_text":"Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in any proceeding under this chapter in which a party or witness is incarcerated or when otherwise authorized by the court, the court may, in its discretion, conduct any hearing using a telephonic communication system or an electronic audio and video communication system to provide for the appearance of any parties and witnesses. Any electronic audio and video communication system used to conduct such a hearing shall meet the standards set forth in subsection B of \u00a7 19.2-3.1.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":300109,"text":"Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in any proceeding under this chapter in which a party or witness is incarcerated or when otherwise authorized by the court, the court may, in its discretion, conduct any hearing using a telephonic communication system or an electronic audio and video communication system to provide for the appearance of any parties and witnesses. Any electronic audio and video communication system used to conduct such a hearing shall meet the standards set forth in subsection B of \u00a7 19.2-3.1.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13176,"edition_id":1,"name":"Procedure in Civil Cases","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13175,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:23","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:23","permalink":{"id":162399,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13176,"identifier":"3","token":"16.1\/6\/3","url":"\/16.1\/6\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13175,"edition_id":1,"name":"Venue, Jurisdiction and Procedure in Civil Matters","identifier":"6","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12700,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:23","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:23","permalink":{"id":162373,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13175,"identifier":"6","token":"16.1\/6","url":"\/16.1\/6\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12700,"edition_id":1,"name":"Courts Not of Record","identifier":"16.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":160919,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12700,"identifier":"16.1","token":"16.1","url":"\/16.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":73499,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-100","catch_line":"Additional executions; by whom issued","url":"\/16.1-100\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-100","metadata":false},{"id":86974,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-101","catch_line":"Proceedings against officer failing to make or making improper return","url":"\/16.1-101\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-101","metadata":false},{"id":86518,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-102","catch_line":"Officers and sureties liable for money collected after return day","url":"\/16.1-102\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-102","metadata":false},{"id":78448,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-103","catch_line":"Proceedings by interrogatories","url":"\/16.1-103\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-103","metadata":false},{"id":54194,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-104","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/16.1-104\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-104","metadata":false},{"id":86498,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-105","catch_line":"Attachments","url":"\/16.1-105\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-105","metadata":false},{"id":79702,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-106","catch_line":"Appeals from courts not of record in civil cases","url":"\/16.1-106\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-106","metadata":false},{"id":77862,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-106.1","catch_line":"Withdrawal of appeal in civil cases","url":"\/16.1-106.1\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-106.1","metadata":false},{"id":55864,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-107","catch_line":"Requirements for appeal","url":"\/16.1-107\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-107","metadata":false},{"id":67526,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-108","catch_line":"Deposit of money in lieu of bond","url":"\/16.1-108\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-108","metadata":false},{"id":58518,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-109","catch_line":"Appellate court may require new or additional security","url":"\/16.1-109\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-109","metadata":false},{"id":71245,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-110","catch_line":"Bankruptcy of appellant does not release surety","url":"\/16.1-110\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-110","metadata":false},{"id":78313,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-111","catch_line":"Court to which appeal sent","url":"\/16.1-111\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-111","metadata":false},{"id":79859,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-112","catch_line":"All papers transmitted to appellate court; 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to whom directed","url":"\/16.1-99\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-99","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":76601,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-93","catch_line":"Principles applicable to trial of cases","url":"\/16.1-93\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-93","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":64532,"structure_id":13176,"section_number":"16.1-94","catch_line":"Judgment to be noted on papers; formal orders may be entered","url":"\/16.1-94\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-94","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/16.1-93.1\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 2001. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?011+ful+CHAP0513\">513<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":84637,"section_number":"19.2-3.1","catch_line":"Personal appearance by two-way electronic video and audio communication; standards","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-3.1\/"}],"permalink":{"id":162593,"object_type":"law","relational_id":83719,"identifier":"16.1-93.1","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-93.1","url":"\/16.1-93.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/16.1-93.1\/","token":"16.1\/6\/3\/16.1-93.1","dublin_core":{"Title":"Use of telephonic communication systems or electronic video and audio communication systems to conduct hearing","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 16.1-93.1","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Notwithstanding any other provision of <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span>, in any proceeding under this chapter in which a <span class=\"dictionary\">party<\/span> or <span class=\"dictionary\">witness<\/span> is incarcerated or when otherwise authorized by the <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span>, the <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span> may, in its discretion, conduct any <span class=\"dictionary\">hearing<\/span> using a telephonic communication system or an electronic audio and video communication system to provide for the <span class=\"dictionary\">appearance<\/span> of any parties and witnesses. Any electronic audio and video communication system used to conduct such a <span class=\"dictionary\">hearing<\/span> shall meet the standards set forth in subsection B of \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Personal appearance by two-way electronic video and audio communication; standards\" href=\"\/19.2-3.1\/\">19.2-3.1<\/a>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nUSE OF TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS OR ELECTRONIC VIDEO AND AUDIO\nCOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS TO CONDUCT HEARING (\u00a7 16.1-93.1)\n\nNotwithstanding any other provision of law, in any proceeding under this chapter\nin which a party or witness is incarcerated or when otherwise authorized by the\ncourt, the court may, in its discretion, conduct any hearing using a telephonic\ncommunication system or an electronic audio and video communication system to\nprovide for the appearance of any parties and witnesses. Any electronic audio\nand video communication system used to conduct such a hearing shall meet the\nstandards set forth in subsection B of \u00a7 19.2-3.1.\n\nHISTORY: 2001, c. 513.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}