{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/18.2-115.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/18.2-115.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/18.2-115.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/18.2-115.html"}],"law_id":77690,"edition_id":1,"section_id":77690,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-115","catch_line":"Fraudulent conversion or removal of property subject to lien or title to which is in another","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 18.1-116; 1960, c. 358; 1975, cc. 14, 15; 1986, c. 484.","full_text":"Whenever any person is in possession of any personal property, including motor vehicles or farm products, in any capacity, the title or ownership of which he has agreed in writing shall be or remain in another, or on which he has given a lien, and such person so in possession shall fraudulently sell, pledge, pawn or remove such property from the premises where it has been agreed that it shall remain, and refuse to disclose the location thereof, or otherwise dispose of the property or fraudulently remove the same from the Commonwealth, without the written consent of the owner or lienor or the person in whom the title is, or, if such writing be a deed of trust, without the written consent of the trustee or beneficiary in such deed of trust, he shall be deemed guilty of the larceny thereof.\n\t\tIn any prosecution hereunder, the fact that such person after demand therefor by the lienholder or person in whom the title or ownership of the property is, or his agent, shall fail or refuse to disclose to such claimant or his agent the location of the property, or to surrender the same, shall be prima facie evidence of the violation of the provisions of this section. In the case of farm products, failure to pay the proceeds of the sale of the farm products to the secured party, lienholder or person in whom the title or ownership of the property is, or his agent, within ten days after the sale or other disposition of the farm products unless otherwise agreed by the lender and borrower in the obligation of indebtedness, note or other evidence of the debt shall be prima facie evidence of a violation of the provisions of this section. The venue of prosecutions against persons fraudulently removing any such property, including motor vehicles, from the Commonwealth shall be the county or city in which such property or motor vehicle was purchased or in which the accused last had a legal residence.\n\t\tThis section shall not be construed to interfere with the rights of any innocent third party purchasing such property, unless such writing shall be docketed or recorded as provided by law.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":278682,"text":"Whenever any person is in possession of any personal property, including motor vehicles or farm products, in any capacity, the title or ownership of which he has agreed in writing shall be or remain in another, or on which he has given a lien, and such person so in possession shall fraudulently sell, pledge, pawn or remove such property from the premises where it has been agreed that it shall remain, and refuse to disclose the location thereof, or otherwise dispose of the property or fraudulently remove the same from the Commonwealth, without the written consent of the owner or lienor or the person in whom the title is, or, if such writing be a deed of trust, without the written consent of the trustee or beneficiary in such deed of trust, he shall be deemed guilty of the larceny thereof.\n\t\tIn any prosecution hereunder, the fact that such person after demand therefor by the lienholder or person in whom the title or ownership of the property is, or his agent, shall fail or refuse to disclose to such claimant or his agent the location of the property, or to surrender the same, shall be prima facie evidence of the violation of the provisions of this section. In the case of farm products, failure to pay the proceeds of the sale of the farm products to the secured party, lienholder or person in whom the title or ownership of the property is, or his agent, within ten days after the sale or other disposition of the farm products unless otherwise agreed by the lender and borrower in the obligation of indebtedness, note or other evidence of the debt shall be prima facie evidence of a violation of the provisions of this section. The venue of prosecutions against persons fraudulently removing any such property, including motor vehicles, from the Commonwealth shall be the county or city in which such property or motor vehicle was purchased or in which the accused last had a legal residence.\n\t\tThis section shall not be construed to interfere with the rights of any innocent third party purchasing such property, unless such writing shall be docketed or recorded as provided by law.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13244,"edition_id":1,"name":"Embezzlement and Fraudulent Conversions","identifier":"4","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13243,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:30","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:30","permalink":{"id":165495,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13244,"identifier":"4","token":"18.2\/5\/4","url":"\/18.2\/5\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13243,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes Against Property","identifier":"5","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12972,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:30","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:30","permalink":{"id":165299,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13243,"identifier":"5","token":"18.2\/5","url":"\/18.2\/5\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12972,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes and Offenses Generally","identifier":"18.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","permalink":{"id":164139,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12972,"identifier":"18.2","token":"18.2","url":"\/18.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":54258,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-111","catch_line":"Embezzlement deemed larceny; indictment","url":"\/18.2-111\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-111","metadata":false},{"id":65596,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-111.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/18.2-111.1\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-111.1","metadata":false},{"id":63297,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-111.2","catch_line":"Failure to pay withheld child support; embezzlement","url":"\/18.2-111.2\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-111.2","metadata":false},{"id":75484,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-112","catch_line":"Embezzlement by officers, etc., of public or other funds; default in paying over funds evidence of guilt","url":"\/18.2-112\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-112","metadata":false},{"id":63015,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-112.1","catch_line":"Misuse of public assets; penalty","url":"\/18.2-112.1\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-112.1","metadata":false},{"id":87465,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-113","catch_line":"Fraudulent entries, etc., in accounts by officers or clerks of financial institutions, joint stock companies or corporations; penalty","url":"\/18.2-113\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-113","metadata":false},{"id":59127,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-114","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/18.2-114\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-114","metadata":false},{"id":63002,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-114.1","catch_line":"When collection of money by commissioner, etc., larceny","url":"\/18.2-114.1\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-114.1","metadata":false},{"id":77690,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-115","catch_line":"Fraudulent conversion or removal of property subject to lien or title to which is in another","url":"\/18.2-115\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-115","metadata":false},{"id":61526,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-115.1","catch_line":"Unlawful sublease of a motor vehicle; penalty","url":"\/18.2-115.1\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-115.1","metadata":false},{"id":80923,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-116","catch_line":"Failure to pay for or return goods delivered for selection or approval","url":"\/18.2-116\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-116","metadata":false},{"id":54245,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-117","catch_line":"Failure of bailee to return animal, aircraft, vehicle or boat","url":"\/18.2-117\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-117","metadata":false},{"id":66189,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-118","catch_line":"Fraudulent conversion or removal of leased personal property","url":"\/18.2-118\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-118","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":63002,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-114.1","catch_line":"When collection of money by commissioner, etc., larceny","url":"\/18.2-114.1\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-114.1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":61526,"structure_id":13244,"section_number":"18.2-115.1","catch_line":"Unlawful sublease of a motor vehicle; penalty","url":"\/18.2-115.1\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-115.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/18.2-115\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1960, chapter 358; in 1975, chapters 14 and 15; in 1986, chapter 484.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":165529,"object_type":"law","relational_id":77690,"identifier":"18.2-115","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-115","url":"\/18.2-115\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/18.2-115\/","token":"18.2\/5\/4\/18.2-115","dublin_core":{"Title":"Fraudulent conversion or removal of property subject to lien or title to which is in another","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 18.2-115","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

Whenever any person is in possession<\/span> of any personal property, including motor vehicles or farm products, in any capacity, the title or ownership of which he has agreed in writing shall be or remain in another, or on which he has given a lien<\/span>, and such person so in possession<\/span> shall fraudulently sell, pledge, pawn or remove such property from the premises where it has been agreed that it shall remain, and refuse to disclose the location thereof, or otherwise dispose of the property or fraudulently remove the same from the Commonwealth, without the written consent of the owner or lienor or the person in whom the title is, or, if such writing be a deed of trust, without the written consent of the trustee or beneficiary in such deed of trust, he shall be deemed guilty of the larceny<\/span> thereof.\n\t\tIn any prosecution<\/span> hereunder, the fact<\/span> that such person after demand therefor by the lienholder or person in whom the title or ownership of the property is, or his agent, shall fail or refuse to disclose to such claimant or his agent the location of the property, or to surrender the same, shall be prima facie evidence<\/span> of the violation of the provisions of this section. In the case of farm products, failure to pay the proceeds of the sale of the farm products to the secured party<\/span>, lienholder or person in whom the title or ownership of the property is, or his agent, within ten days after the sale or other disposition<\/span> of the farm products unless otherwise agreed by the lender and borrower in the obligation of indebtedness, note or other evidence<\/span> of the debt shall be prima facie evidence<\/span> of a violation of the provisions of this section. The venue<\/span> of prosecutions<\/span> against persons fraudulently removing any such property, including motor vehicles, from the Commonwealth shall be the county or city in which such property or motor vehicle was purchased or in which the accused<\/span> last had a legal residence.\n\t\tThis section shall not be construed to interfere with the rights of any innocent third party<\/span> purchasing such property, unless such writing shall be docketed or recorded as provided by law<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nFRAUDULENT CONVERSION OR REMOVAL OF PROPERTY SUBJECT TO LIEN OR TITLE TO WHICH\nIS IN ANOTHER (\u00a7 18.2-115)\n\nWhenever any person is in possession of any personal property, including motor\nvehicles or farm products, in any capacity, the title or ownership of which he\nhas agreed in writing shall be or remain in another, or on which he has given a\nlien, and such person so in possession shall fraudulently sell, pledge, pawn or\nremove such property from the premises where it has been agreed that it shall\nremain, and refuse to disclose the location thereof, or otherwise dispose of the\nproperty or fraudulently remove the same from the Commonwealth, without the\nwritten consent of the owner or lienor or the person in whom the title is, or,\nif such writing be a deed of trust, without the written consent of the trustee\nor beneficiary in such deed of trust, he shall be deemed guilty of the larceny\nthereof.\n\t\tIn any prosecution hereunder, the fact that such person after demand therefor\nby the lienholder or person in whom the title or ownership of the property is,\nor his agent, shall fail or refuse to disclose to such claimant or his agent the\nlocation of the property, or to surrender the same, shall be prima facie\nevidence of the violation of the provisions of this section. In the case of farm\nproducts, failure to pay the proceeds of the sale of the farm products to the\nsecured party, lienholder or person in whom the title or ownership of the\nproperty is, or his agent, within ten days after the sale or other disposition\nof the farm products unless otherwise agreed by the lender and borrower in the\nobligation of indebtedness, note or other evidence of the debt shall be prima\nfacie evidence of a violation of the provisions of this section. The venue of\nprosecutions against persons fraudulently removing any such property, including\nmotor vehicles, from the Commonwealth shall be the county or city in which such\nproperty or motor vehicle was purchased or in which the accused last had a legal\nresidence.\n\t\tThis section shall not be construed to interfere with the rights of any\ninnocent third party purchasing such property, unless such writing shall be\ndocketed or recorded as provided by law.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 18.1-116; 1960, c. 358; 1975, cc. 14, 15; 1986, c. 484.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}