{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/18.2-168.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/18.2-168.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/18.2-168.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/18.2-168.html"}],"law_id":58969,"edition_id":1,"section_id":58969,"structure_id":14553,"section_number":"18.2-168","catch_line":"Forging public records, etc","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 18.1-92; 1960, c. 358; 1975, cc. 14, 15; 1976, c. 146.","full_text":"If any person forge a public record, or certificate, return, or attestation, of any public officer or public employee, in relation to any matter wherein such certificate, return, or attestation may be received as legal proof, or utter, or attempt to employ as true, such forged record, certificate, return, or attestation, knowing the same to be forged, he shall be guilty of a Class 4 felony.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":216229,"text":"If any person forge a public record, or certificate, return, or attestation, of any public officer or public employee, in relation to any matter wherein such certificate, return, or attestation may be received as legal proof, or utter, or attempt to employ as true, such forged record, certificate, return, or attestation, knowing the same to be forged, he shall be guilty of a Class 4 felony.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":14553,"edition_id":1,"name":"Forgery","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13358,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:48:38","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:48:38","permalink":{"id":165935,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14553,"identifier":"1","token":"18.2\/6\/1","url":"\/18.2\/6\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13358,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes Involving Fraud","identifier":"6","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12972,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:42","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:42","permalink":{"id":165933,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13358,"identifier":"6","token":"18.2\/6","url":"\/18.2\/6\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12972,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes and Offenses Generally","identifier":"18.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","permalink":{"id":164139,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12972,"identifier":"18.2","token":"18.2","url":"\/18.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":58969,"structure_id":14553,"section_number":"18.2-168","catch_line":"Forging public records, etc","url":"\/18.2-168\/","token":"18.2\/6\/1\/18.2-168","metadata":false},{"id":61755,"structure_id":14553,"section_number":"18.2-169","catch_line":"Forging, or keeping an instrument for forging, a seal","url":"\/18.2-169\/","token":"18.2\/6\/1\/18.2-169","metadata":false},{"id":56018,"structure_id":14553,"section_number":"18.2-170","catch_line":"Forging coin or bank notes","url":"\/18.2-170\/","token":"18.2\/6\/1\/18.2-170","metadata":false},{"id":82586,"structure_id":14553,"section_number":"18.2-171","catch_line":"Making or having anything designed for forging any writing, etc","url":"\/18.2-171\/","token":"18.2\/6\/1\/18.2-171","metadata":false},{"id":66592,"structure_id":14553,"section_number":"18.2-172","catch_line":"Forging, uttering, etc., other writings","url":"\/18.2-172\/","token":"18.2\/6\/1\/18.2-172","metadata":false},{"id":67275,"structure_id":14553,"section_number":"18.2-172.1","catch_line":"Falsifying or altering and fraudulently using transcripts or diplomas; penalty","url":"\/18.2-172.1\/","token":"18.2\/6\/1\/18.2-172.1","metadata":false},{"id":86670,"structure_id":14553,"section_number":"18.2-172.2","catch_line":"Maliciously affixing another's signature to writing; penalty","url":"\/18.2-172.2\/","token":"18.2\/6\/1\/18.2-172.2","metadata":false},{"id":77076,"structure_id":14553,"section_number":"18.2-173","catch_line":"Having in possession forged coin or bank notes","url":"\/18.2-173\/","token":"18.2\/6\/1\/18.2-173","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":61755,"structure_id":14553,"section_number":"18.2-169","catch_line":"Forging, or keeping an instrument for forging, a seal","url":"\/18.2-169\/","token":"18.2\/6\/1\/18.2-169","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/18.2-168\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1960, chapter 358; in 1975, chapters 14 and 15; in 1976, chapter 146.<\/p>","references":[{"id":75179,"section_number":"18.2-152.14","catch_line":"Computer as instrument of forgery","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-152.14\/"},{"id":66592,"section_number":"18.2-172","catch_line":"Forging, uttering, etc., other writings","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-172\/"},{"id":68291,"section_number":"18.2-513","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-513\/"},{"id":81875,"section_number":"19.2-224","catch_line":"In prosecution for forgery, unnecessary to set forth copy of forged instrument","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-224\/"},{"id":80714,"section_number":"19.2-353.3","catch_line":"Acceptance of checks and credit or debit cards in lieu of money; additional fee","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-353.3\/"},{"id":55956,"section_number":"58.1-623.2","catch_line":"Cigarette exemption certificate","order_by":null,"url":"\/58.1-623.2\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":165937,"object_type":"law","relational_id":58969,"identifier":"18.2-168","token":"18.2\/6\/1\/18.2-168","url":"\/18.2-168\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/18.2-168\/","token":"18.2\/6\/1\/18.2-168","dublin_core":{"Title":"Forging public records, etc","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 18.2-168","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>If any person forge a public record, or certificate, return, or attestation, of any public officer or public employee, in relation to any matter wherein such certificate, return, or attestation may be received as legal proof, or utter, or attempt to employ as true, such forged record, certificate, return, or attestation, knowing the same to be forged, he shall be guilty of a Class 4 <span class=\"dictionary\">felony<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nFORGING PUBLIC RECORDS, ETC (\u00a7 18.2-168)\n\nIf any person forge a public record, or certificate, return, or attestation, of\nany public officer or public employee, in relation to any matter wherein such\ncertificate, return, or attestation may be received as legal proof, or utter, or\nattempt to employ as true, such forged record, certificate, return, or\nattestation, knowing the same to be forged, he shall be guilty of a Class 4\nfelony.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 18.1-92; 1960, c. 358; 1975, cc. 14, 15; 1976, c. 146.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}