{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/18.2-198.1.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/18.2-198.1.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/18.2-198.1.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/18.2-198.1.html"}],"law_id":68971,"edition_id":1,"section_id":68971,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-198.1","catch_line":"Venue","history":"1991, c. 546; 2008, c. 797; 2019, c. 177.","full_text":"Notwithstanding the provisions of \u00a7 19.2-244, a prosecution for a violation of this article may be had in any county or city in which (i) any act in furtherance of the crime was committed; (ii) an issuer or acquirer, or an agent of either, sustained a financial loss as a result of the offense; or (iii) the cardholder resides. A prosecution for a violation of \u00a7 18.2-192 may be had in any county or city where a credit card number is used, is attempted to be used, or is possessed with intent to violate \u00a7 18.2-193, 18.2-195, or 18.2-197.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":249661,"text":"Notwithstanding the provisions of \u00a7 19.2-244, a prosecution for a violation of this article may be had in any county or city in which (i) any act in furtherance of the crime was committed; (ii) an issuer or acquirer, or an agent of either, sustained a financial loss as a result of the offense; or (iii) the cardholder resides. A prosecution for a violation of \u00a7 18.2-192 may be had in any county or city where a credit card number is used, is attempted to be used, or is possessed with intent to violate \u00a7 18.2-193, 18.2-195, or 18.2-197.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":16022,"edition_id":1,"name":"Offenses Relating to Credit Cards","identifier":"6","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13358,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 04:04:08","date_modified":"2026-06-26 04:04:08","permalink":{"id":166189,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":16022,"identifier":"6","token":"18.2\/6\/6","url":"\/18.2\/6\/6\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13358,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes Involving Fraud","identifier":"6","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12972,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:42","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:42","permalink":{"id":165933,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13358,"identifier":"6","token":"18.2\/6","url":"\/18.2\/6\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12972,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes and Offenses Generally","identifier":"18.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","permalink":{"id":164139,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12972,"identifier":"18.2","token":"18.2","url":"\/18.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":86178,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-191","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/18.2-191\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-191","metadata":false},{"id":64436,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-192","catch_line":"Credit card theft","url":"\/18.2-192\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-192","metadata":false},{"id":62758,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-193","catch_line":"Credit card forgery","url":"\/18.2-193\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-193","metadata":false},{"id":71574,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-194","catch_line":"Unauthorized possession of two or more signed credit cards or credit card numbers","url":"\/18.2-194\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-194","metadata":false},{"id":66368,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-195","catch_line":"Credit card fraud; conspiracy; penalties","url":"\/18.2-195\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-195","metadata":false},{"id":72630,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-195.1","catch_line":"Credit card factoring","url":"\/18.2-195.1\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-195.1","metadata":false},{"id":85008,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-195.2","catch_line":"Fraudulent application for credit card; penalties","url":"\/18.2-195.2\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-195.2","metadata":false},{"id":70165,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-196","catch_line":"Criminal possession of credit card forgery devices","url":"\/18.2-196\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-196","metadata":false},{"id":81300,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-196.1","catch_line":"Unlawful use of payment card scanning devices and re-encoders; penalty","url":"\/18.2-196.1\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-196.1","metadata":false},{"id":85710,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-197","catch_line":"Criminally receiving goods and services fraudulently obtained","url":"\/18.2-197\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-197","metadata":false},{"id":71921,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-198","catch_line":"Obtaining airline, railroad, steamship, etc., ticket at discount price","url":"\/18.2-198\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-198","metadata":false},{"id":68971,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-198.1","catch_line":"Venue","url":"\/18.2-198.1\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-198.1","metadata":false},{"id":85607,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-199","catch_line":"Penalties for violation of article","url":"\/18.2-199\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-199","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":71921,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-198","catch_line":"Obtaining airline, railroad, steamship, etc., ticket at discount price","url":"\/18.2-198\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-198","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":85607,"structure_id":16022,"section_number":"18.2-199","catch_line":"Penalties for violation of article","url":"\/18.2-199\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-199","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/18.2-198.1\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1991. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 546 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1991 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2008, chapter 797<\/a>; in 2019, chapter 177<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":64436,"section_number":"18.2-192","catch_line":"Credit card theft","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-192\/"},{"id":62758,"section_number":"18.2-193","catch_line":"Credit card forgery","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-193\/"},{"id":66368,"section_number":"18.2-195","catch_line":"Credit card fraud; conspiracy; penalties","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-195\/"},{"id":85710,"section_number":"18.2-197","catch_line":"Criminally receiving goods and services fraudulently obtained","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-197\/"},{"id":85415,"section_number":"19.2-244","catch_line":"Venue in general","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-244\/"}],"permalink":{"id":166235,"object_type":"law","relational_id":68971,"identifier":"18.2-198.1","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-198.1","url":"\/18.2-198.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/18.2-198.1\/","token":"18.2\/6\/6\/18.2-198.1","dublin_core":{"Title":"Venue","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 18.2-198.1","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

Notwithstanding the provisions of \u00a7 19.2-244<\/a>, a prosecution<\/span> for a violation of this article may be had in any county or city in which (i) any act in furtherance of the crime<\/span> was committed; (ii) an issuer<\/span> or acquirer<\/span>, or an agent of either, sustained a financial loss as a result of the offense<\/span>; or (iii) the cardholder<\/span> resides. A prosecution<\/span> for a violation of \u00a7 18.2-192<\/a> may be had in any county or city where a credit card<\/span> number is used, is attempted to be used, or is possessed with intent<\/span> to violate \u00a7 18.2-193<\/a>, 18.2-195<\/a>, or 18.2-197<\/a>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nVENUE (\u00a7 18.2-198.1)\n\nNotwithstanding the provisions of \u00a7 19.2-244, a prosecution for a violation of\nthis article may be had in any county or city in which (i) any act in\nfurtherance of the crime was committed; (ii) an issuer or acquirer, or an agent\nof either, sustained a financial loss as a result of the offense; or (iii) the\ncardholder resides. A prosecution for a violation of \u00a7 18.2-192 may be had in\nany county or city where a credit card number is used, is attempted to be used,\nor is possessed with intent to violate \u00a7 18.2-193, 18.2-195, or 18.2-197.\n\nHISTORY: 1991, c. 546; 2008, c. 797; 2019, c. 177.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}