{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/18.2-312.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/18.2-312.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/18.2-312.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/18.2-312.html"}],"law_id":62448,"edition_id":1,"section_id":62448,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-312","catch_line":"Illegal use of tear gas, phosgene and other gases","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 18.1-70; 1960, c. 358; 1975, cc. 14, 15.","full_text":"If any person maliciously release or cause or procure to be released in any private home, place of business or place of public gathering any tear gas, mustard gas, phosgene gas or other noxious or nauseating gases or mixtures of chemicals designed to, and capable of, producing vile or injurious or nauseating odors or gases, and bodily injury results to any person from such gas or odor, the offending person shall be guilty of a Class 3 felony.\n\t\tIf such act be done unlawfully, but not maliciously, the offending person shall be guilty of a Class 6 felony.\n\t\tNothing herein contained shall prevent the use of tear gas or other gases by police officers or other peace officers in the proper performance of their duties, or by any person or persons in the protection of person, life or property.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":227758,"text":"If any person maliciously release or cause or procure to be released in any private home, place of business or place of public gathering any tear gas, mustard gas, phosgene gas or other noxious or nauseating gases or mixtures of chemicals designed to, and capable of, producing vile or injurious or nauseating odors or gases, and bodily injury results to any person from such gas or odor, the offending person shall be guilty of a Class 3 felony.\n\t\tIf such act be done unlawfully, but not maliciously, the offending person shall be guilty of a Class 6 felony.\n\t\tNothing herein contained shall prevent the use of tear gas or other gases by police officers or other peace officers in the proper performance of their duties, or by any person or persons in the protection of person, life or property.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":12974,"edition_id":1,"name":"Miscellaneous Dangerous Conduct","identifier":"8","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12973,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","permalink":{"id":167307,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12974,"identifier":"8","token":"18.2\/7\/8","url":"\/18.2\/7\/8\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12973,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes Involving Health and Safety","identifier":"7","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12972,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","permalink":{"id":166501,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12973,"identifier":"7","token":"18.2\/7","url":"\/18.2\/7\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12972,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes and Offenses Generally","identifier":"18.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","permalink":{"id":164139,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12972,"identifier":"18.2","token":"18.2","url":"\/18.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":62448,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-312","catch_line":"Illegal use of tear gas, phosgene and other gases","url":"\/18.2-312\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-312","metadata":false},{"id":74195,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-313","catch_line":"Handling or using snakes so as to endanger human life or health","url":"\/18.2-313\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-313","metadata":false},{"id":76121,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-313.1","catch_line":"Withholding information about possibly rabid animal; penalty","url":"\/18.2-313.1\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-313.1","metadata":false},{"id":75247,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-313.2","catch_line":"Introduction of snakehead fish or zebra mussel; penalty","url":"\/18.2-313.2\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-313.2","metadata":false},{"id":55173,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-314","catch_line":"Failing to secure medical attention for injured child","url":"\/18.2-314\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-314","metadata":false},{"id":60679,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-315","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/18.2-315\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-315","metadata":false},{"id":66809,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-316","catch_line":"Duty of persons causing well or pit to be dug to fill it before abandonment","url":"\/18.2-316\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-316","metadata":false},{"id":77916,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-317","catch_line":"Covers to be kept on certain wells","url":"\/18.2-317\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-317","metadata":false},{"id":73614,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-318","catch_line":"Authority of counties, cities and towns to require and regulate well covers","url":"\/18.2-318\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-318","metadata":false},{"id":82122,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-319","catch_line":"Discarding or abandoning iceboxes, etc.; precautions required","url":"\/18.2-319\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-319","metadata":false},{"id":59947,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-320","catch_line":"Sale, etc., of plastic bags; warning required","url":"\/18.2-320\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-320","metadata":false},{"id":59209,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-321","catch_line":"Using X ray, fluoroscope, etc., in the fitting of footwear","url":"\/18.2-321\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-321","metadata":false},{"id":82777,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-322","catch_line":"Expectorating in public places","url":"\/18.2-322\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-322","metadata":false},{"id":86753,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-322.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/18.2-322.1\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-322.1","metadata":false},{"id":62106,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-323","catch_line":"Leaving disabled or dead animal in road, or allowing dead animal to remain unburied","url":"\/18.2-323\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-323","metadata":false},{"id":54061,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-323.01","catch_line":"Prohibition against disposal of dead body; penalty","url":"\/18.2-323.01\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-323.01","metadata":false},{"id":74252,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-323.02","catch_line":"Prohibition against concealment of dead body; penalty","url":"\/18.2-323.02\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-323.02","metadata":false},{"id":77662,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-323.1","catch_line":"Drinking while operating a motor vehicle; possession of open container while operating a motor vehicle and presumption; penalty","url":"\/18.2-323.1\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-323.1","metadata":false},{"id":73759,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-324","catch_line":"Throwing or depositing certain substances upon highway; removal of such substances","url":"\/18.2-324\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-324","metadata":false},{"id":63918,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-324.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/18.2-324.1\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-324.1","metadata":false},{"id":63272,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-324.2","catch_line":"Use of unmanned aircraft system for certain purposes; penalty","url":"\/18.2-324.2\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-324.2","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":74195,"structure_id":12974,"section_number":"18.2-313","catch_line":"Handling or using snakes so as to endanger human life or health","url":"\/18.2-313\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-313","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/18.2-312\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1960, chapter 358; in 1975, chapters 14 and 15.<\/p>","references":[{"id":80246,"section_number":"17.1-805","catch_line":"Adoption of initial discretionary sentencing guideline midpoints","order_by":null,"url":"\/17.1-805\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":167309,"object_type":"law","relational_id":62448,"identifier":"18.2-312","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-312","url":"\/18.2-312\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/18.2-312\/","token":"18.2\/7\/8\/18.2-312","dublin_core":{"Title":"Illegal use of tear gas, phosgene and other gases","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 18.2-312","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>If any person maliciously release or cause or procure to be released in any private home, place of business or place of public gathering any tear gas, mustard gas, phosgene gas or other noxious or nauseating gases or mixtures of chemicals designed to, and capable of, producing vile or injurious or nauseating odors or gases, and bodily injury results to any person from such gas or odor, the offending person shall be guilty of a Class 3 <span class=\"dictionary\">felony<\/span>.\n\t\tIf such act be done unlawfully, but not maliciously, the offending person shall be guilty of a Class 6 <span class=\"dictionary\">felony<\/span>.\n\t\tNothing herein contained shall prevent the use of tear gas or other gases by police officers or other <span class=\"dictionary\">peace officers<\/span> in the proper performance of their duties, or by any person or persons in the protection of person, life or property.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nILLEGAL USE OF TEAR GAS, PHOSGENE AND OTHER GASES (\u00a7 18.2-312)\n\nIf any person maliciously release or cause or procure to be released in any\nprivate home, place of business or place of public gathering any tear gas,\nmustard gas, phosgene gas or other noxious or nauseating gases or mixtures of\nchemicals designed to, and capable of, producing vile or injurious or nauseating\nodors or gases, and bodily injury results to any person from such gas or odor,\nthe offending person shall be guilty of a Class 3 felony.\n\t\tIf such act be done unlawfully, but not maliciously, the offending person\nshall be guilty of a Class 6 felony.\n\t\tNothing herein contained shall prevent the use of tear gas or other gases by\npolice officers or other peace officers in the proper performance of their\nduties, or by any person or persons in the protection of person, life or\nproperty.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 18.1-70; 1960, c. 358; 1975, cc. 14, 15.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}