{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/18.2-38.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/18.2-38.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/18.2-38.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/18.2-38.html"}],"law_id":62588,"edition_id":1,"section_id":62588,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-38","catch_line":"&#8220;Mob&#8221; defined","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 18.1-27; 1960, c. 358; 1975, cc. 14, 15; 1999, c. 623.","full_text":"Any collection of people, assembled for the purpose and with the intention of committing an assault or a battery upon any person or an act of violence as defined in \u00a7 19.2-297.1, without authority of law, shall be deemed a &#8220;mob.&#8221;","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":228232,"text":"Any collection of people, assembled for the purpose and with the intention of committing an assault or a battery upon any person or an act of violence as defined in \u00a7 19.2-297.1, without authority of law, shall be deemed a &#8220;mob.&#8221;","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":15146,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes by Mobs","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13100,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:52:30","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:52:30","permalink":{"id":164827,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15146,"identifier":"2","token":"18.2\/4\/2","url":"\/18.2\/4\/2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13100,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes Against the Person","identifier":"4","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12972,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","permalink":{"id":164763,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13100,"identifier":"4","token":"18.2\/4","url":"\/18.2\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12972,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes and Offenses Generally","identifier":"18.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","permalink":{"id":164139,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12972,"identifier":"18.2","token":"18.2","url":"\/18.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":62588,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-38","catch_line":"\"Mob\" defined","url":"\/18.2-38\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-38","metadata":false},{"id":72708,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-39","catch_line":"\"Lynching\" defined","url":"\/18.2-39\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-39","metadata":false},{"id":73475,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-40","catch_line":"Lynching deemed murder","url":"\/18.2-40\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-40","metadata":false},{"id":69785,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-41","catch_line":"Shooting, stabbing, etc., with intent to maim, kill, etc., by mob","url":"\/18.2-41\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-41","metadata":false},{"id":58166,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-42","catch_line":"Assault or battery by mob","url":"\/18.2-42\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-42","metadata":false},{"id":82923,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-42.1","catch_line":"Acts of violence by mob","url":"\/18.2-42.1\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-42.1","metadata":false},{"id":57695,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-43","catch_line":"Apprehension and prosecution of participants in lynching","url":"\/18.2-43\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-43","metadata":false},{"id":59596,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-44","catch_line":"Civil liability for lynching","url":"\/18.2-44\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-44","metadata":false},{"id":66563,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-45","catch_line":"Persons suffering death from mob attempting to lynch another person","url":"\/18.2-45\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-45","metadata":false},{"id":58018,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-46","catch_line":"Venue","url":"\/18.2-46\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-46","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":72708,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-39","catch_line":"\"Lynching\" defined","url":"\/18.2-39\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-39","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/18.2-38\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1960, chapter 358; in 1975, chapters 14 and 15; in 1999, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?991+ful+CHAP0623\">623<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":63770,"section_number":"16.1-309.1","catch_line":"Exception as to confidentiality","order_by":null,"url":"\/16.1-309.1\/"},{"id":77143,"section_number":"19.2-215.1","catch_line":"Functions of a multi-jurisdiction grand jury","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-215.1\/"},{"id":56020,"section_number":"19.2-297.1","catch_line":"Sentence of person twice previously convicted of certain violent felonies","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-297.1\/"},{"id":70476,"section_number":"19.2-66","catch_line":"When Attorney General or Chief Deputy Attorney General may apply for order authorizing interception of communications","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-66\/"},{"id":56780,"section_number":"4.1-225","catch_line":"Grounds for which Board may suspend or revoke licenses; exception","order_by":null,"url":"\/4.1-225\/"},{"id":73781,"section_number":"53.1-131.2","catch_line":"Assignment to a home\/electronic incarceration program; payment to defray costs; escape; penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-131.2\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":56020,"section_number":"19.2-297.1","catch_line":"Sentence of person twice previously convicted of certain violent felonies","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-297.1\/"}],"permalink":{"id":164829,"object_type":"law","relational_id":62588,"identifier":"18.2-38","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-38","url":"\/18.2-38\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/18.2-38\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-38","dublin_core":{"Title":"&#8220;Mob&#8221; defined","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 18.2-38","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Any collection of people, assembled for the purpose and with the intention of committing an <span class=\"dictionary\">assault<\/span> or a <span class=\"dictionary\">battery<\/span> upon any person or an act of violence as defined in \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Sentence of person twice previously convicted of certain violent felonies\" href=\"\/19.2-297.1\/\">19.2-297.1<\/a>, without authority of <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span>, shall be deemed a &#8220;mob.&#8221;<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\n&#8220;MOB&#8221; DEFINED (\u00a7 18.2-38)\n\nAny collection of people, assembled for the purpose and with the intention of\ncommitting an assault or a battery upon any person or an act of violence as\ndefined in \u00a7 19.2-297.1, without authority of law, shall be deemed a\n&#8220;mob.&#8221;\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 18.1-27; 1960, c. 358; 1975, cc. 14, 15; 1999, c. 623.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}