{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/18.2-40.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/18.2-40.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/18.2-40.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/18.2-40.html"}],"law_id":73475,"edition_id":1,"section_id":73475,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-40","catch_line":"Lynching deemed murder","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 18.1-29; 1960, c. 358; 1975, cc. 14, 15.","full_text":"Every lynching shall be deemed murder. Any and every person composing a mob and any and every accessory thereto, by which any person is lynched, shall be guilty of murder, and upon conviction, shall be punished as provided in Article 1 (\u00a7 18.2-30 et seq.) of this chapter.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":264386,"text":"Every lynching shall be deemed murder. Any and every person composing a mob and any and every accessory thereto, by which any person is lynched, shall be guilty of murder, and upon conviction, shall be punished as provided in Article 1 (\u00a7 18.2-30 et seq.) of this chapter.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":15146,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes by Mobs","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13100,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:52:30","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:52:30","permalink":{"id":164827,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15146,"identifier":"2","token":"18.2\/4\/2","url":"\/18.2\/4\/2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13100,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes Against the Person","identifier":"4","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12972,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","permalink":{"id":164763,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13100,"identifier":"4","token":"18.2\/4","url":"\/18.2\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12972,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes and Offenses Generally","identifier":"18.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","permalink":{"id":164139,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12972,"identifier":"18.2","token":"18.2","url":"\/18.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":62588,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-38","catch_line":"\"Mob\" defined","url":"\/18.2-38\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-38","metadata":false},{"id":72708,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-39","catch_line":"\"Lynching\" defined","url":"\/18.2-39\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-39","metadata":false},{"id":73475,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-40","catch_line":"Lynching deemed murder","url":"\/18.2-40\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-40","metadata":false},{"id":69785,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-41","catch_line":"Shooting, stabbing, etc., with intent to maim, kill, etc., by mob","url":"\/18.2-41\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-41","metadata":false},{"id":58166,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-42","catch_line":"Assault or battery by mob","url":"\/18.2-42\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-42","metadata":false},{"id":82923,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-42.1","catch_line":"Acts of violence by mob","url":"\/18.2-42.1\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-42.1","metadata":false},{"id":57695,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-43","catch_line":"Apprehension and prosecution of participants in lynching","url":"\/18.2-43\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-43","metadata":false},{"id":59596,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-44","catch_line":"Civil liability for lynching","url":"\/18.2-44\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-44","metadata":false},{"id":66563,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-45","catch_line":"Persons suffering death from mob attempting to lynch another person","url":"\/18.2-45\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-45","metadata":false},{"id":58018,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-46","catch_line":"Venue","url":"\/18.2-46\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-46","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":72708,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-39","catch_line":"\"Lynching\" defined","url":"\/18.2-39\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-39","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":69785,"structure_id":15146,"section_number":"18.2-41","catch_line":"Shooting, stabbing, etc., with intent to maim, kill, etc., by mob","url":"\/18.2-41\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-41","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/18.2-40\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1960, chapter 358; in 1975, chapters 14 and 15.<\/p>","references":[{"id":66829,"section_number":"16.1-269.1","catch_line":"Trial in circuit court; preliminary hearing; direct indictment; remand","order_by":null,"url":"\/16.1-269.1\/"},{"id":80246,"section_number":"17.1-805","catch_line":"Adoption of initial discretionary sentencing guideline midpoints","order_by":null,"url":"\/17.1-805\/"},{"id":63586,"section_number":"53.1-202.3","catch_line":"Rate at which sentence credits may be earned; prerequisites","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-202.3\/"},{"id":58640,"section_number":"53.1-40.02","catch_line":"Conditional release of terminally ill prisoners","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-40.02\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":77418,"section_number":"18.2-30","catch_line":"Murder and manslaughter declared felonies","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-30\/"}],"permalink":{"id":164837,"object_type":"law","relational_id":73475,"identifier":"18.2-40","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-40","url":"\/18.2-40\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/18.2-40\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2\/18.2-40","dublin_core":{"Title":"Lynching deemed murder","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 18.2-40","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Every lynching shall be deemed <span class=\"dictionary\">murder<\/span>. Any and every person composing a mob and any and every <span class=\"dictionary\">accessory<\/span> thereto, by which any person is lynched, shall be guilty of <span class=\"dictionary\">murder<\/span>, and upon <span class=\"dictionary\">conviction<\/span>, shall be punished as provided in Article 1 (\u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Murder and manslaughter declared felonies\" href=\"\/18.2-30\/\">18.2-30<\/a> et seq.) of this chapter.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nLYNCHING DEEMED MURDER (\u00a7 18.2-40)\n\nEvery lynching shall be deemed murder. Any and every person composing a mob and\nany and every accessory thereto, by which any person is lynched, shall be guilty\nof murder, and upon conviction, shall be punished as provided in Article 1 (\u00a7\n18.2-30 et seq.) of this chapter.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 18.1-29; 1960, c. 358; 1975, cc. 14, 15.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}