{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/18.2-46.3_2.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/18.2-46.3_2.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/18.2-46.3_2.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/18.2-46.3_2.html"}],"law_id":78328,"edition_id":1,"section_id":78328,"structure_id":15685,"section_number":"18.2-46.3:2","catch_line":"Forfeiture","history":"2004, cc. 396, 435.","full_text":"All property, both personal and real, of any kind or character used in substantial connection with, intended for use in the course of, derived from, traceable to, or realized through, including any profit or interest derived from, any conduct in violation of any provision of this article is subject to civil forfeiture to the Commonwealth. Further, all property, both personal and real, of any kind or character used or intended to be used in substantial connection with, during the course of, derived from, traceable to, or realized through, including any profit or interest derived from, criminal street gang member recruitment as prohibited under \u00a7 18.2-46.3 is subject to civil forfeiture to the Commonwealth. The forfeiture proceeding shall utilize the provisions of Chapter 22.1 (\u00a7 19.2-386.1 et seq.) of Title 19.2 and the procedures specified therein shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to all forfeitures under this article. The application of one civil remedy under the article does not preclude the application of any other remedy, civil or criminal, under this article or any other provision of the Code.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":280757,"text":"All property, both personal and real, of any kind or character used in substantial connection with, intended for use in the course of, derived from, traceable to, or realized through, including any profit or interest derived from, any conduct in violation of any provision of this article is subject to civil forfeiture to the Commonwealth. Further, all property, both personal and real, of any kind or character used or intended to be used in substantial connection with, during the course of, derived from, traceable to, or realized through, including any profit or interest derived from, criminal street gang member recruitment as prohibited under \u00a7 18.2-46.3 is subject to civil forfeiture to the Commonwealth. The forfeiture proceeding shall utilize the provisions of Chapter 22.1 (\u00a7 19.2-386.1 et seq.) of Title 19.2 and the procedures specified therein shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to all forfeitures under this article. The application of one civil remedy under the article does not preclude the application of any other remedy, civil or criminal, under this article or any other provision of the Code.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":15685,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes by Gangs","identifier":"2.1","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13100,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:57:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:57:54","permalink":{"id":164869,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15685,"identifier":"2.1","token":"18.2\/4\/2.1","url":"\/18.2\/4\/2.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13100,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes Against the Person","identifier":"4","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12972,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","permalink":{"id":164763,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13100,"identifier":"4","token":"18.2\/4","url":"\/18.2\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12972,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes and Offenses Generally","identifier":"18.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","permalink":{"id":164139,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12972,"identifier":"18.2","token":"18.2","url":"\/18.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":86583,"structure_id":15685,"section_number":"18.2-46.1","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/18.2-46.1\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2.1\/18.2-46.1","metadata":false},{"id":60069,"structure_id":15685,"section_number":"18.2-46.2","catch_line":"Prohibited criminal street gang participation; penalty","url":"\/18.2-46.2\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2.1\/18.2-46.2","metadata":false},{"id":70242,"structure_id":15685,"section_number":"18.2-46.3","catch_line":"Recruitment of persons for criminal street gang; penalty","url":"\/18.2-46.3\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2.1\/18.2-46.3","metadata":false},{"id":64920,"structure_id":15685,"section_number":"18.2-46.3:1","catch_line":"Third or subsequent conviction of criminal street gang crimes","url":"\/18.2-46.3_1\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2.1\/18.2-46.3_1","metadata":false},{"id":78328,"structure_id":15685,"section_number":"18.2-46.3:2","catch_line":"Forfeiture","url":"\/18.2-46.3_2\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2.1\/18.2-46.3_2","metadata":false},{"id":69277,"structure_id":15685,"section_number":"18.2-46.3:3","catch_line":"Enhanced punishment for gang activity taking place in a gang-free zone; penalties","url":"\/18.2-46.3_3\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2.1\/18.2-46.3_3","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":64920,"structure_id":15685,"section_number":"18.2-46.3:1","catch_line":"Third or subsequent conviction of criminal street gang crimes","url":"\/18.2-46.3_1\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2.1\/18.2-46.3_1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":69277,"structure_id":15685,"section_number":"18.2-46.3:3","catch_line":"Enhanced punishment for gang activity taking place in a gang-free zone; penalties","url":"\/18.2-46.3_3\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2.1\/18.2-46.3_3","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/18.2-46.3:2\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2004. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters 396<\/a> and 435<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":70242,"section_number":"18.2-46.3","catch_line":"Recruitment of persons for criminal street gang; penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-46.3\/"},{"id":68052,"section_number":"19.2-386.1","catch_line":"Commencing an action of forfeiture","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-386.1\/"}],"permalink":{"id":164887,"object_type":"law","relational_id":78328,"identifier":"18.2-46.3:2","token":"18.2\/4\/2.1\/18.2-46.3_2","url":"\/18.2-46.3_2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/18.2-46.3_2\/","token":"18.2\/4\/2.1\/18.2-46.3_2","dublin_core":{"Title":"Forfeiture","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 18.2-46.3:2","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

All property, both personal and real, of any kind or character used in substantial connection with, intended for use in the course of, derived from, traceable to, or realized through, including any profit or interest derived from, any conduct in violation of any provision of this article is subject to civil forfeiture to the Commonwealth. Further, all property, both personal and real, of any kind or character used or intended to be used in substantial connection with, during the course of, derived from, traceable to, or realized through, including any profit or interest derived from, criminal street gang<\/span> member recruitment as prohibited under \u00a7 18.2-46.3<\/a> is subject to civil forfeiture to the Commonwealth. The forfeiture proceeding shall utilize the provisions of Chapter 22.1 (\u00a7 19.2-386.1<\/a> et seq.) of Title 19.2 and the procedures specified therein shall apply, mutatis mutandis<\/span>, to all forfeitures under this article. The application of one civil remedy under the article does not preclude the application of any other remedy, civil or criminal, under this article or any other provision of the Code.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nFORFEITURE (\u00a7 18.2-46.3:2)\n\nAll property, both personal and real, of any kind or character used in\nsubstantial connection with, intended for use in the course of, derived from,\ntraceable to, or realized through, including any profit or interest derived\nfrom, any conduct in violation of any provision of this article is subject to\ncivil forfeiture to the Commonwealth. Further, all property, both personal and\nreal, of any kind or character used or intended to be used in substantial\nconnection with, during the course of, derived from, traceable to, or realized\nthrough, including any profit or interest derived from, criminal street gang\nmember recruitment as prohibited under \u00a7 18.2-46.3 is subject to civil\nforfeiture to the Commonwealth. The forfeiture proceeding shall utilize the\nprovisions of Chapter 22.1 (\u00a7 19.2-386.1 et seq.) of Title 19.2 and the\nprocedures specified therein shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to all forfeitures\nunder this article. The application of one civil remedy under the article does\nnot preclude the application of any other remedy, civil or criminal, under this\narticle or any other provision of the Code.\n\nHISTORY: 2004, cc. 396, 435.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}