{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/18.2-514.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/18.2-514.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/18.2-514.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/18.2-514.html"}],"law_id":59539,"edition_id":1,"section_id":59539,"structure_id":15601,"section_number":"18.2-514","catch_line":"Racketeering offenses","history":"2004, cc. 883, 996; 2009, c. 847; 2023, cc. 607, 608.","full_text":"A\n\nIt shall be unlawful for an enterprise, any person who is directed by an organizer, supervisor, or manager of an enterprise, or any person who occupies a position of organizer, supervisor, or manager of an enterprise, to receive or distribute any proceeds or anything of value known to have been derived directly from racketeering activity and to use or invest an aggregate of $10,000 or more of such proceeds or such things of value in the acquisition of any title to, or any right, interest, or equity in, real property, or in the establishment or operation of any enterprise.B\n\nIt shall be unlawful for any enterprise, or for any person who occupies a position of organizer, supervisor, or manager of an enterprise, to directly acquire or maintain any interest in or control of any enterprise or real property through racketeering activity.C\n\nIt shall be unlawful for any person employed by, or associated with, any enterprise to conduct or participate, directly or indirectly, in such enterprise through racketeering activity.D\n\nIt shall be unlawful for any person to conspire to violate any of the provisions of subsection A, B, or C.E\n\nEach violation of this section is a separate and distinct felony punishable in accordance with § 18.2-515.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":218114,"text":"It shall be unlawful for an enterprise, any person who is directed by an organizer, supervisor, or manager of an enterprise, or any person who occupies a position of organizer, supervisor, or manager of an enterprise, to receive or distribute any proceeds or anything of value known to have been derived directly from racketeering activity and to use or invest an aggregate of $10,000 or more of such proceeds or such things of value in the acquisition of any title to, or any right, interest, or equity in, real property, or in the establishment or operation of any enterprise.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":218115,"text":"It shall be unlawful for any enterprise, or for any person who occupies a position of organizer, supervisor, or manager of an enterprise, to directly acquire or maintain any interest in or control of any enterprise or real property through racketeering activity.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":218116,"text":"It shall be unlawful for any person employed by, or associated with, any enterprise to conduct or participate, directly or indirectly, in such enterprise through racketeering activity.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"D"},"3":{"id":218117,"text":"It shall be unlawful for any person to conspire to violate any of the provisions of subsection A, B, or C.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C","next_prefix":"E"},"4":{"id":218118,"text":"Each violation of this section is a separate and distinct felony punishable in accordance with § 18.2-515.","type":"section","prefixes":["E"],"prefix":"E","entire_prefix":"E","prefix_anchor":"E","level":1,"prior_prefix":"D"}},"ancestry":[{"id":15601,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act","identifier":"13","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12972,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:56:43","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:56:43","permalink":{"id":164677,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15601,"identifier":"13","token":"18.2\/13","url":"\/18.2\/13\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12972,"edition_id":1,"name":"Crimes and Offenses Generally","identifier":"18.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","permalink":{"id":164139,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12972,"identifier":"18.2","token":"18.2","url":"\/18.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":77961,"structure_id":15601,"section_number":"18.2-512","catch_line":"Short title","url":"\/18.2-512\/","token":"18.2\/13\/18.2-512","metadata":false},{"id":68291,"structure_id":15601,"section_number":"18.2-513","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/18.2-513\/","token":"18.2\/13\/18.2-513","metadata":false},{"id":59539,"structure_id":15601,"section_number":"18.2-514","catch_line":"Racketeering offenses","url":"\/18.2-514\/","token":"18.2\/13\/18.2-514","metadata":false},{"id":61704,"structure_id":15601,"section_number":"18.2-515","catch_line":"Criminal penalties; forfeiture","url":"\/18.2-515\/","token":"18.2\/13\/18.2-515","metadata":false},{"id":77923,"structure_id":15601,"section_number":"18.2-516","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2026) Prohibition of illegal money transmitting","url":"\/18.2-516\/","token":"18.2\/13\/18.2-516","metadata":false},{"id":79339,"structure_id":15601,"section_number":"18.2-517","catch_line":"Venue for prosecution","url":"\/18.2-517\/","token":"18.2\/13\/18.2-517","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":68291,"structure_id":15601,"section_number":"18.2-513","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/18.2-513\/","token":"18.2\/13\/18.2-513","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":61704,"structure_id":15601,"section_number":"18.2-515","catch_line":"Criminal penalties; forfeiture","url":"\/18.2-515\/","token":"18.2\/13\/18.2-515","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/18.2-514\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2004. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters 883<\/a> and 996<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2009, chapter 847<\/a>; in 2023, chapters 607<\/a> and 608<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":61704,"section_number":"18.2-515","catch_line":"Criminal penalties; forfeiture","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-515\/"},{"id":65388,"section_number":"19.2-245.01","catch_line":"Offenses involving reports or statements concerning cigarette sales or stamping","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-245.01\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":61704,"section_number":"18.2-515","catch_line":"Criminal penalties; forfeiture","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-515\/"}],"permalink":{"id":164687,"object_type":"law","relational_id":59539,"identifier":"18.2-514","token":"18.2\/13\/18.2-514","url":"\/18.2-514\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/18.2-514\/","token":"18.2\/13\/18.2-514","dublin_core":{"Title":"Racketeering offenses","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 18.2-514","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> It shall be unlawful for an enterprise<\/span>, any person who is directed by an organizer, supervisor, or manager of an enterprise<\/span>, or any person who occupies a position of organizer, supervisor, or manager of an enterprise<\/span>, to receive or distribute any proceeds<\/span> or anything of value known to have been derived directly from racketeering activity<\/span> and to use or invest an aggregate of $10,000 or more of such proceeds<\/span> or such things of value in the acquisition of any title to, or any right, interest, or equity<\/span> in, real property, or in the establishment or operation of any enterprise<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> It shall be unlawful for any enterprise<\/span>, or for any person who occupies a position of organizer, supervisor, or manager of an enterprise<\/span>, to directly acquire or maintain any interest in or control of any enterprise<\/span> or real property through racketeering activity<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> It shall be unlawful for any person employed by, or associated with, any enterprise<\/span> to conduct or participate, directly or indirectly, in such enterprise<\/span> through racketeering activity<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

D.<\/span> It shall be unlawful for any person to conspire to violate any of the provisions of subsection A, B, or C. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

E.<\/span> Each violation of this section is a separate and distinct felony<\/span> punishable in accordance with § 18.2-515<\/a>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nRACKETEERING OFFENSES (\u00a7 18.2-514)\n\nA. It shall be unlawful for an enterprise, any person who is directed by an\norganizer, supervisor, or manager of an enterprise, or any person who occupies a\nposition of organizer, supervisor, or manager of an enterprise, to receive or\ndistribute any proceeds or anything of value known to have been derived directly\nfrom racketeering activity and to use or invest an aggregate of $10,000 or more\nof such proceeds or such things of value in the acquisition of any title to, or\nany right, interest, or equity in, real property, or in the establishment or\noperation of any enterprise.\n\nB. It shall be unlawful for any enterprise, or for any person who occupies a\nposition of organizer, supervisor, or manager of an enterprise, to directly\nacquire or maintain any interest in or control of any enterprise or real\nproperty through racketeering activity.\n\nC. It shall be unlawful for any person employed by, or associated with, any\nenterprise to conduct or participate, directly or indirectly, in such enterprise\nthrough racketeering activity.\n\nD. It shall be unlawful for any person to conspire to violate any of the\nprovisions of subsection A, B, or C.\n\nE. Each violation of this section is a separate and distinct felony punishable\nin accordance with § 18.2-515.\n\nHISTORY: 2004, cc. 883, 996; 2009, c. 847; 2023, cc. 607, 608.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}