{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/19.2-185.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/19.2-185.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/19.2-185.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/19.2-185.html"}],"law_id":82925,"edition_id":1,"section_id":82925,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-185","catch_line":"Testimony may be reduced to writing and subscribed","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 19.1-105; 1960, c. 366; 1968, c. 639; 1975, c. 495.","full_text":"When the judge deems it proper the testimony of the witnesses may be reduced to writing, and, if required by him, shall be signed by them respectively.\n\t\tThe judge of the court of record to which the case may be or has been certified may order the testimony of the witnesses at the preliminary hearing to be reduced to writing.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":297228,"text":"When the judge deems it proper the testimony of the witnesses may be reduced to writing, and, if required by him, shall be signed by them respectively.\n\t\tThe judge of the court of record to which the case may be or has been certified may order the testimony of the witnesses at the preliminary hearing to be reduced to writing.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":16023,"edition_id":1,"name":"Preliminary Hearing","identifier":"12","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12801,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 04:04:10","date_modified":"2026-06-26 04:04:10","permalink":{"id":168621,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":16023,"identifier":"12","token":"19.2\/12","url":"\/19.2\/12\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12801,"edition_id":1,"name":"Criminal Procedure","identifier":"19.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:53","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:53","permalink":{"id":168169,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12801,"identifier":"19.2","token":"19.2","url":"\/19.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":76815,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-183","catch_line":"Examination of witnesses; 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waiver; continuances","url":"\/19.2-187.1\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-187.1","metadata":false},{"id":62769,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-187.2","catch_line":"Procedure for subpoena duces tecum of analysis evidence","url":"\/19.2-187.2\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-187.2","metadata":false},{"id":84831,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-188","catch_line":"Reports by Chief Medical Examiner received as evidence","url":"\/19.2-188\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-188","metadata":false},{"id":67789,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-188.1","catch_line":"Testimony regarding identification of controlled substances","url":"\/19.2-188.1\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-188.1","metadata":false},{"id":86564,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-188.2","catch_line":"Certificate of surgeon as evidence","url":"\/19.2-188.2\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-188.2","metadata":false},{"id":67819,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-188.3","catch_line":"Admissibility of affidavits by government officials regarding a search of government records (Subdivision (10)(b) of Supreme Court Rule 2:803 derived from this section)","url":"\/19.2-188.3\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-188.3","metadata":false},{"id":75982,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-188.4","catch_line":"Two-way video testimony related to certain forensic medical examinations","url":"\/19.2-188.4\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-188.4","metadata":false},{"id":75244,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-189","catch_line":"Commitment of accused for further examination","url":"\/19.2-189\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-189","metadata":false},{"id":81953,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-190","catch_line":"To whom, and when, examination and recognizance to be certified","url":"\/19.2-190\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-190","metadata":false},{"id":64672,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-190.1","catch_line":"Certification of ancillary misdemeanor offenses","url":"\/19.2-190.1\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-190.1","metadata":false},{"id":77289,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-190.2","catch_line":"Withdrawal of privately retained counsel","url":"\/19.2-190.2\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-190.2","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":75822,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-184","catch_line":"Witnesses may be separated (Subsection (a) of Supreme Court Rule 2:615 derived in part from this section)","url":"\/19.2-184\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-184","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":79502,"structure_id":16023,"section_number":"19.2-186","catch_line":"When accused to be discharged, tried, committed or bailed by judge","url":"\/19.2-186\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-186","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/19.2-185\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1960, chapter 366; in 1968, chapter 639; in 1975, chapter 495.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":168635,"object_type":"law","relational_id":82925,"identifier":"19.2-185","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-185","url":"\/19.2-185\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/19.2-185\/","token":"19.2\/12\/19.2-185","dublin_core":{"Title":"Testimony may be reduced to writing and subscribed","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 19.2-185","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>When the <span class=\"dictionary\">judge<\/span> deems it proper the <span class=\"dictionary\">testimony<\/span> of the witnesses may be reduced to writing, and, if required by him, shall be signed by them respectively.\n\t\tThe <span class=\"dictionary\">judge<\/span> of the <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span> of record to which the case may be or has been certified may <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> the <span class=\"dictionary\">testimony<\/span> of the witnesses at the <span class=\"dictionary\">preliminary hearing<\/span> to be reduced to writing.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nTESTIMONY MAY BE REDUCED TO WRITING AND SUBSCRIBED (\u00a7 19.2-185)\n\nWhen the judge deems it proper the testimony of the witnesses may be reduced to\nwriting, and, if required by him, shall be signed by them respectively.\n\t\tThe judge of the court of record to which the case may be or has been\ncertified may order the testimony of the witnesses at the preliminary hearing to\nbe reduced to writing.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 19.1-105; 1960, c. 366; 1968, c. 639; 1975, c. 495.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}