{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/2.2-108.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/2.2-108.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/2.2-108.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/2.2-108.html"}],"law_id":77197,"edition_id":1,"section_id":77197,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-108","catch_line":"Removal of members of certain boards, commissions, etc","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 2-39; 1966, c. 677, \u00a7 2.1-43; 1977, c. 446; 1988, c. 765; 2001, c. 844; 2016, c. 588.","full_text":"A\n\nNotwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, the Governor may remove from office for malfeasance, misfeasance, incompetence, misconduct, neglect of duty, absenteeism, conflict of interests, failure to carry out the policies of the Commonwealth as established in the Constitution or by the General Assembly, or refusal to carry out a lawful directive of the Governor any member of any board, commission, council or other collegial body established by the General Assembly in the executive branch of state government except those boards provided for in subsection C of &#xA7; 23.1-1300, subsection A of &#xA7; 23.1-3100, and subsection A of &#xA7; 23.1-3200 and fill the vacancy resulting from the removal subject to confirmation by the General Assembly.B\n\nThe Governor shall set forth in a written public statement his reasons for removing any member pursuant to this section at the time the removal occurs. The Governor is the sole judge of the sufficiency of the cause for removal as set forth in this section.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":276931,"text":"Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, the Governor may remove from office for malfeasance, misfeasance, incompetence, misconduct, neglect of duty, absenteeism, conflict of interests, failure to carry out the policies of the Commonwealth as established in the Constitution or by the General Assembly, or refusal to carry out a lawful directive of the Governor any member of any board, commission, council or other collegial body established by the General Assembly in the executive branch of state government except those boards provided for in subsection C of &#xA7; 23.1-1300, subsection A of &#xA7; 23.1-3100, and subsection A of &#xA7; 23.1-3200 and fill the vacancy resulting from the removal subject to confirmation by the General Assembly.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":276932,"text":"The Governor shall set forth in a written public statement his reasons for removing any member pursuant to this section at the time the removal occurs. The Governor is the sole judge of the sufficiency of the cause for removal as set forth in this section.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13225,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":5,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13224,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:29","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:29","permalink":{"id":171461,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13225,"identifier":"1","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1","url":"\/2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13224,"edition_id":1,"name":"Governor","identifier":"1","label":"chapter","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13132,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:29","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:29","permalink":{"id":171459,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13224,"identifier":"1","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1","url":"\/2.2\/I\/A\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13132,"edition_id":1,"name":"Office of the Governor","identifier":"A","label":"part","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12784,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:19","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:19","permalink":{"id":171457,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13132,"identifier":"A","token":"2.2\/I\/A","url":"\/2.2\/I\/A\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12784,"edition_id":1,"name":"Organization of State Government","identifier":"I","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12749,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:53","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:53","permalink":{"id":171455,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12784,"identifier":"I","token":"2.2\/I","url":"\/2.2\/I\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12749,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administration of Government","identifier":"2.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":171453,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12749,"identifier":"2.2","token":"2.2","url":"\/2.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":83837,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-100","catch_line":"Salaries of Governor and other officers; administrative assistants","url":"\/2.2-100\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-100","metadata":false},{"id":71925,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-101","catch_line":"Clerical forces and office expenses of Governor","url":"\/2.2-101\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-101","metadata":false},{"id":81212,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-102","catch_line":"Personal staff as commander in chief","url":"\/2.2-102\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-102","metadata":false},{"id":84081,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-103","catch_line":"Authority to formulate executive branch policies; chief officer for personnel administration and planning and budget","url":"\/2.2-103\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-103","metadata":false},{"id":85605,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-104","catch_line":"Delegation of powers","url":"\/2.2-104\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-104","metadata":false},{"id":76831,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-105","catch_line":"Appointments to office; effect of refusal to confirm by the General Assembly","url":"\/2.2-105\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-105","metadata":false},{"id":76294,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-106","catch_line":"Appointment of agency heads; disclosure of resumes; severance","url":"\/2.2-106\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-106","metadata":false},{"id":59013,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-107","catch_line":"Appointment of members of commissions, boards, and other collegial bodies; disclosure of resumes","url":"\/2.2-107\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-107","metadata":false},{"id":77197,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-108","catch_line":"Removal of members of certain boards, commissions, etc","url":"\/2.2-108\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-108","metadata":false},{"id":78293,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-109","catch_line":"Requiring appearances by officers, etc., and production of records, etc.; issuance of subpoenas and other writs; employment of accountants","url":"\/2.2-109\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-109","metadata":false},{"id":84152,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-109.01","catch_line":"Signed statements required from appointees","url":"\/2.2-109.01\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-109.01","metadata":false},{"id":71616,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-110","catch_line":"Officers of Commonwealth and its institutions to make reports to Governor","url":"\/2.2-110\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-110","metadata":false},{"id":70015,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-111","catch_line":"Suits, actions, etc., by Governor","url":"\/2.2-111\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-111","metadata":false},{"id":81217,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-112","catch_line":"To whom return on warrant of Governor to be made","url":"\/2.2-112\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-112","metadata":false},{"id":60543,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-113","catch_line":"Temporary suspension of state mandates","url":"\/2.2-113\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-113","metadata":false},{"id":81521,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-114","catch_line":"Coordination of official communications with federal and foreign governments","url":"\/2.2-114\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-114","metadata":false},{"id":82511,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-115","catch_line":"Commonwealth's Development Opportunity Fund","url":"\/2.2-115\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-115","metadata":false},{"id":54232,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-115.1","catch_line":"COVID-19 Relief Fund","url":"\/2.2-115.1\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-115.1","metadata":false},{"id":71196,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-116","catch_line":"Service on board of national tobacco trust entity","url":"\/2.2-116\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-116","metadata":false},{"id":66801,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-117","catch_line":"Governor to administer anti-crime partnership program","url":"\/2.2-117\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-117","metadata":false},{"id":79108,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-118","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/2.2-118\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-118","metadata":false},{"id":76176,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-119","catch_line":"Governor to administer highway safety program and secure benefits to Commonwealth under federal Highway Safety Act of 1966","url":"\/2.2-119\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-119","metadata":false},{"id":70872,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-120","catch_line":"Powers with respect to state-owned motor vehicles","url":"\/2.2-120\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-120","metadata":false},{"id":76465,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-121","catch_line":"Approval of purchase of passenger-type automobile; transfer and valuation of surplus vehicles","url":"\/2.2-121\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-121","metadata":false},{"id":74444,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-122","catch_line":"Commercial use of seals of the Commonwealth","url":"\/2.2-122\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-122","metadata":false},{"id":61619,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-123","catch_line":"Authority over rooms and space in public buildings","url":"\/2.2-123\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-123","metadata":false},{"id":74071,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-124","catch_line":"Regulation of athletic leaves of absence","url":"\/2.2-124\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-124","metadata":false},{"id":69353,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-125","catch_line":"Governor authorized to accept certain property from Confederate Memorial Literary Society","url":"\/2.2-125\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-125","metadata":false},{"id":84725,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-126","catch_line":"Disposition of official correspondence","url":"\/2.2-126\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-126","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":59013,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-107","catch_line":"Appointment of members of commissions, boards, and other collegial bodies; disclosure of resumes","url":"\/2.2-107\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-107","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":78293,"structure_id":13225,"section_number":"2.2-109","catch_line":"Requiring appearances by officers, etc., and production of records, etc.; issuance of subpoenas and other writs; employment of accountants","url":"\/2.2-109\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-109","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/2.2-108\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 5 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1966, chapter 677; in 1977, chapter 446; in 1988, chapter 765; in 2001, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?011+ful+CHAP0844\">844<\/a>; in 2016, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?161+ful+CHAP0588\">588<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":61105,"section_number":"15.2-5802","catch_line":"Members of Authority; chairman; terms","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-5802\/"},{"id":58926,"section_number":"2.2-439","catch_line":"Children's Ombudsman; establishment; appointment; removal","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-439\/"},{"id":87166,"section_number":"46.2-1503","catch_line":"Motor Vehicle Dealer Board","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1503\/"},{"id":81026,"section_number":"54.1-107","catch_line":"Appointments, terms and removal of members of regulatory boards; citizen members","order_by":null,"url":"\/54.1-107\/"},{"id":59518,"section_number":"54.1-2402.1","catch_line":"Appointments, removals, and limitation of terms of members of regulatory boards","order_by":null,"url":"\/54.1-2402.1\/"},{"id":76023,"section_number":"54.1-4402","catch_line":"Board; membership; qualifications; powers and duties","order_by":null,"url":"\/54.1-4402\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":82055,"section_number":"23.1-1300","catch_line":"Members of governing boards; removal; terms; nonvoting, advisory representatives; residency","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-1300\/"},{"id":68653,"section_number":"23.1-3100","catch_line":"Governing boards of educational institutions; removal of members","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-3100\/"},{"id":74373,"section_number":"23.1-3200","catch_line":"Governing boards of educational institutions; removal of members","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-3200\/"}],"permalink":{"id":171495,"object_type":"law","relational_id":77197,"identifier":"2.2-108","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-108","url":"\/2.2-108\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/2.2-108\/","token":"2.2\/I\/A\/1\/1\/2.2-108","dublin_core":{"Title":"Removal of members of certain boards, commissions, etc","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 2.2-108","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> Notwithstanding any provision of <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span> to the contrary, the Governor may remove from office for malfeasance, misfeasance, incompetence, misconduct, neglect of duty, absenteeism, <span class=\"dictionary\">conflict of interests<\/span>, failure to carry out the policies of the Commonwealth as established in the Constitution or by the General Assembly, or refusal to carry out a lawful directive of the Governor any member of any <span class=\"dictionary\">board<\/span>, commission, council or other collegial body established by the General Assembly in the executive branch of state government except those <span class=\"dictionary\">boards<\/span> provided for in subsection C of &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Members of governing boards; removal; terms; nonvoting, advisory representatives; residency\" href=\"\/23.1-1300\/\">23.1-1300<\/a>, subsection A of &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Governing boards of educational institutions; removal of members\" href=\"\/23.1-3100\/\">23.1-3100<\/a>, and subsection A of &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Governing boards of educational institutions; removal of members\" href=\"\/23.1-3200\/\">23.1-3200<\/a> and fill the vacancy resulting from the removal subject to confirmation by the General Assembly. <a id=\"paragraph-276931\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/2.2-108\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> The Governor shall set forth in a written public statement his reasons for removing any member pursuant to this section at the time the removal occurs. The Governor is the sole <span class=\"dictionary\">judge<\/span> of the sufficiency of the cause for removal as set forth in this section. <a id=\"paragraph-276932\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/2.2-108\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nREMOVAL OF MEMBERS OF CERTAIN BOARDS, COMMISSIONS, ETC (\u00a7 2.2-108)\n\nA. Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, the Governor may remove\nfrom office for malfeasance, misfeasance, incompetence, misconduct, neglect of\nduty, absenteeism, conflict of interests, failure to carry out the policies of\nthe Commonwealth as established in the Constitution or by the General Assembly,\nor refusal to carry out a lawful directive of the Governor any member of any\nboard, commission, council or other collegial body established by the General\nAssembly in the executive branch of state government except those boards\nprovided for in subsection C of &#xA7; 23.1-1300, subsection A of &#xA7;\n23.1-3100, and subsection A of &#xA7; 23.1-3200 and fill the vacancy resulting\nfrom the removal subject to confirmation by the General Assembly.\n\nB. The Governor shall set forth in a written public statement his reasons for\nremoving any member pursuant to this section at the time the removal occurs. The\nGovernor is the sole judge of the sufficiency of the cause for removal as set\nforth in this section.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 2-39; 1966, c. 677, \u00a7 2.1-43; 1977, c. 446; 1988, c.\n765; 2001, c. 844; 2016, c. 588.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}