{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/2.2-2900.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/2.2-2900.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/2.2-2900.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/2.2-2900.html"}],"law_id":65778,"edition_id":1,"section_id":65778,"structure_id":14043,"section_number":"2.2-2900","catch_line":"Short title; purpose","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 2-78; 1966, c. 677, \u00a7 2.1-110; 1970, c. 546; 2001, c. 844.","full_text":"This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the “Virginia Personnel Act.”\n\t\tThe purpose of this chapter is to ensure for the Commonwealth a system of personnel administration based on merit principles and objective methods of appointment, promotion, transfer, layoff, removal, discipline, and other incidents of state employment.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":239056,"text":"This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the “Virginia Personnel Act.”\n\t\tThe purpose of this chapter is to ensure for the Commonwealth a system of personnel administration based on merit principles and objective methods of appointment, promotion, transfer, layoff, removal, discipline, and other incidents of state employment.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":14043,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Personnel Act","identifier":"29","label":"chapter","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13049,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:41","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:41","permalink":{"id":175913,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14043,"identifier":"29","token":"2.2\/I\/E\/29","url":"\/2.2\/I\/E\/29\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13049,"edition_id":1,"name":"State Officers and Employees","identifier":"E","label":"part","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12784,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:11","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:11","permalink":{"id":175733,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13049,"identifier":"E","token":"2.2\/I\/E","url":"\/2.2\/I\/E\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12784,"edition_id":1,"name":"Organization of State Government","identifier":"I","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12749,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:53","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:53","permalink":{"id":171455,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12784,"identifier":"I","token":"2.2\/I","url":"\/2.2\/I\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12749,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administration of Government","identifier":"2.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":171453,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12749,"identifier":"2.2","token":"2.2","url":"\/2.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":65778,"structure_id":14043,"section_number":"2.2-2900","catch_line":"Short title; purpose","url":"\/2.2-2900\/","token":"2.2\/I\/E\/29\/2.2-2900","metadata":false},{"id":79041,"structure_id":14043,"section_number":"2.2-2901","catch_line":"Appointments, promotions and tenure based upon merit and fitness","url":"\/2.2-2901\/","token":"2.2\/I\/E\/29\/2.2-2901","metadata":false},{"id":80283,"structure_id":14043,"section_number":"2.2-2901.1","catch_line":"Employment discrimination prohibited","url":"\/2.2-2901.1\/","token":"2.2\/I\/E\/29\/2.2-2901.1","metadata":false},{"id":62402,"structure_id":14043,"section_number":"2.2-2902","catch_line":"Use of tobacco products by state employees","url":"\/2.2-2902\/","token":"2.2\/I\/E\/29\/2.2-2902","metadata":false},{"id":77507,"structure_id":14043,"section_number":"2.2-2902.1","catch_line":"Rights of state employees to contact elected officials","url":"\/2.2-2902.1\/","token":"2.2\/I\/E\/29\/2.2-2902.1","metadata":false},{"id":55137,"structure_id":14043,"section_number":"2.2-2903","catch_line":"Grade or rating increase and other preferences for veterans and their surviving spouses and children, and members of the National Guard","url":"\/2.2-2903\/","token":"2.2\/I\/E\/29\/2.2-2903","metadata":false},{"id":57325,"structure_id":14043,"section_number":"2.2-2903.1","catch_line":"State employees ordered to active military service","url":"\/2.2-2903.1\/","token":"2.2\/I\/E\/29\/2.2-2903.1","metadata":false},{"id":83155,"structure_id":14043,"section_number":"2.2-2904","catch_line":"Classification of persons who have passed certified professional secretary examination","url":"\/2.2-2904\/","token":"2.2\/I\/E\/29\/2.2-2904","metadata":false},{"id":64223,"structure_id":14043,"section_number":"2.2-2905","catch_line":"Certain officers and employees exempt from chapter","url":"\/2.2-2905\/","token":"2.2\/I\/E\/29\/2.2-2905","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":79041,"structure_id":14043,"section_number":"2.2-2901","catch_line":"Appointments, promotions and tenure based upon merit and fitness","url":"\/2.2-2901\/","token":"2.2\/I\/E\/29\/2.2-2901","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/2.2-2900\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1966, chapter 677; in 1970, chapter 546; in 2001, chapter 844<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":74219,"section_number":"10.1-1602","catch_line":"Board of directors","order_by":null,"url":"\/10.1-1602\/"},{"id":69588,"section_number":"15.2-5405.1","catch_line":"Applicability of personnel and procurement procedures to certain authorities","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-5405.1\/"},{"id":82904,"section_number":"15.2-6314.1","catch_line":"Applicability of the Virginia Personnel Act and the Virginia Public Procurement Act","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-6314.1\/"},{"id":81078,"section_number":"16.1-233","catch_line":"Department to develop court services; court services units; appointment and removal of employees; salaries","order_by":null,"url":"\/16.1-233\/"},{"id":85897,"section_number":"16.1-235","catch_line":"How probation, parole and related court services provided","order_by":null,"url":"\/16.1-235\/"},{"id":83926,"section_number":"16.1-236","catch_line":"Supervisory officers","order_by":null,"url":"\/16.1-236\/"},{"id":81343,"section_number":"16.1-236.1","catch_line":"Court services unit directors","order_by":null,"url":"\/16.1-236.1\/"},{"id":86698,"section_number":"16.1-238","catch_line":"Compensation of probation officers, court service staff members and related court service personnel; reimbursement; traveling and other expenses","order_by":null,"url":"\/16.1-238\/"},{"id":67637,"section_number":"16.1-69.39","catch_line":"Appointment of personnel","order_by":null,"url":"\/16.1-69.39\/"},{"id":84081,"section_number":"2.2-103","catch_line":"Authority to formulate executive branch policies; chief officer for personnel administration and planning and budget","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-103\/"},{"id":68835,"section_number":"2.2-2215","catch_line":"Powers not restrictive; exemptions from Public Procurement Act and the Virginia Personnel Act","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-2215\/"},{"id":65043,"section_number":"2.2-2244","catch_line":"Exemption of Authority from personnel and procurement procedures; adoption of procurement policies","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-2244\/"},{"id":87305,"section_number":"2.2-2325","catch_line":"Exemptions from personnel and procurement procedures; adoption of procurement policies","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-2325\/"},{"id":85644,"section_number":"2.2-2336","catch_line":"Short title; declaration of public purpose; Fort Monroe Authority created; successor in interest to Fort Monroe Federal Area Development Authority","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-2336\/"},{"id":69413,"section_number":"2.2-2364","catch_line":"Exemption of Authority from personnel and procurement procedures; adoption of procurement policies","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-2364\/"},{"id":64466,"section_number":"2.2-2369","catch_line":"Powers of the Authority","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-2369\/"},{"id":58729,"section_number":"2.2-2376","catch_line":"Exemption of Authority from personnel and procurement procedures","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-2376\/"},{"id":86523,"section_number":"2.2-2743","catch_line":"Exemptions from personnel and procurement procedures","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-2743\/"},{"id":73283,"section_number":"2.2-2812","catch_line":"Employment of personnel","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-2812\/"},{"id":64889,"section_number":"2.2-3002","catch_line":"Exemptions from chapter","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-3002\/"},{"id":54108,"section_number":"2.2-3202","catch_line":"Eligibility for transitional severance benefit","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-3202\/"},{"id":74902,"section_number":"2.2-602","catch_line":"Duties of agencies and their appointing authorities; establishment of personnel standards; diversity, equity, and inclusion strategic plans","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-602\/"},{"id":60431,"section_number":"2.2-804","catch_line":"Recovery of certain improper payments to state officers and employees","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-804\/"},{"id":81369,"section_number":"22.1-346","catch_line":"Transfer of property; rights and duties of the Board of Visitors of the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind; supervision of school; appointment and removal of officers and faculty; certain funding initiatives","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-346\/"},{"id":84394,"section_number":"22.1-346.2","catch_line":"Board of Visitors of the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind established","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-346.2\/"},{"id":81336,"section_number":"22.1-349","catch_line":"Terms of employment of teachers","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-349\/"},{"id":66142,"section_number":"23.1-1011","catch_line":"Covered institutions; operational authority; campus police","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-1011\/"},{"id":78983,"section_number":"23.1-1021","catch_line":"Covered institutions; operational authority; human resources; establishment of a human resources program","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-1021\/"},{"id":59817,"section_number":"23.1-1022","catch_line":"Covered institutions; operational authority; human resources; election by certain covered employees","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-1022\/"},{"id":67808,"section_number":"23.1-1023","catch_line":"Covered institutions; operational authority; human resources; grievance procedures","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-1023\/"},{"id":64122,"section_number":"23.1-1026","catch_line":"Covered institutions; operational authority; human resources; severance policies","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-1026\/"},{"id":76209,"section_number":"23.1-2406","catch_line":"Additional powers of the Authority; police","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-2406\/"},{"id":73772,"section_number":"23.1-2427","catch_line":"Exemptions","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-2427\/"},{"id":78262,"section_number":"23.1-2908","catch_line":"Chancellor of the Virginia Community College System","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-2908\/"},{"id":60667,"section_number":"23.1-809","catch_line":"Public institutions of higher education; establishment of campus police departments authorized; employment of officers","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-809\/"},{"id":74144,"section_number":"23.1-812","catch_line":"Appointment of campus police officers and members of an auxiliary police force","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-812\/"},{"id":79439,"section_number":"24.2-103","catch_line":"Powers and duties in general; report","order_by":null,"url":"\/24.2-103\/"},{"id":60451,"section_number":"28.2-1001","catch_line":"Potomac River Compact","order_by":null,"url":"\/28.2-1001\/"},{"id":61265,"section_number":"3.2-2702","catch_line":"Marine Products Board officers and compensation","order_by":null,"url":"\/3.2-2702\/"},{"id":55827,"section_number":"3.2-2805","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Commissioner","order_by":null,"url":"\/3.2-2805\/"},{"id":81851,"section_number":"3.2-2904","catch_line":"Powers and duties of the Agricultural Council","order_by":null,"url":"\/3.2-2904\/"},{"id":68343,"section_number":"3.2-3105","catch_line":"Appointment of director; Commission employees; counsel to the Commission","order_by":null,"url":"\/3.2-3105\/"},{"id":81944,"section_number":"3.2-3501","catch_line":"Commissioner to manage farmers market operations","order_by":null,"url":"\/3.2-3501\/"},{"id":59535,"section_number":"30-391","catch_line":"Virginia Redistricting Commission","order_by":null,"url":"\/30-391\/"},{"id":67594,"section_number":"32.1-122.7:2","catch_line":"Powers and duties of the Virginia Health Workforce Development Authority; exemptions","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-122.7_2\/"},{"id":63591,"section_number":"32.1-297.1","catch_line":"The Virginia Transplant Council","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-297.1\/"},{"id":77868,"section_number":"33.2-299.1","catch_line":"Exemption of Authority from personnel and procurement procedures","order_by":null,"url":"\/33.2-299.1\/"},{"id":82688,"section_number":"36-107","catch_line":"Employment of personnel for administration of chapter","order_by":null,"url":"\/36-107\/"},{"id":80322,"section_number":"37.2-200","catch_line":"State Board of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services","order_by":null,"url":"\/37.2-200\/"},{"id":81649,"section_number":"37.2-707","catch_line":"Employment and qualifications of directors of state facilities","order_by":null,"url":"\/37.2-707\/"},{"id":62589,"section_number":"38.2-6511","catch_line":"Procurement, contracting, and personnel","order_by":null,"url":"\/38.2-6511\/"},{"id":84894,"section_number":"4.1-101.010","catch_line":"Exemption of Authority from personnel and procurement procedures; information systems; etc","order_by":null,"url":"\/4.1-101.010\/"},{"id":63513,"section_number":"4.1-617","catch_line":"Exemption of Authority from personnel and procurement procedures; information systems; etc","order_by":null,"url":"\/4.1-617\/"},{"id":75463,"section_number":"45.2-2105","catch_line":" Establishment of the Consortium","order_by":null,"url":"\/45.2-2105\/"},{"id":79120,"section_number":"46.2-1503.2","catch_line":"State Personnel and Public Procurement Acts not applicable","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1503.2\/"},{"id":84937,"section_number":"51.1-124.27","catch_line":"Employees of the Retirement System","order_by":null,"url":"\/51.1-124.27\/"},{"id":83752,"section_number":"53.1-10","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Director","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-10\/"},{"id":58639,"section_number":"53.1-12","catch_line":"Divisions of Department; division heads","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-12\/"},{"id":60739,"section_number":"53.1-140","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Director of Department","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-140\/"},{"id":86829,"section_number":"53.1-147","catch_line":"Compensation; expenses","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-147\/"},{"id":61447,"section_number":"53.1-32.1","catch_line":"Classification system; program assignments; mandatory participation","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-32.1\/"},{"id":62957,"section_number":"54.1-2505","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Director of Department","order_by":null,"url":"\/54.1-2505\/"},{"id":76190,"section_number":"58.1-213","catch_line":"Assistants and clerks","order_by":null,"url":"\/58.1-213\/"},{"id":78705,"section_number":"58.1-4024","catch_line":"Employees of the Department","order_by":null,"url":"\/58.1-4024\/"},{"id":64542,"section_number":"62.1-132.6","catch_line":"Powers not restrictive; exemptions from Public Procurement Act and the Virginia Personnel Act","order_by":null,"url":"\/62.1-132.6\/"},{"id":56356,"section_number":"63.2-210","catch_line":"Appointment of division heads","order_by":null,"url":"\/63.2-210\/"},{"id":54712,"section_number":"63.2-212","catch_line":"Employment of agents and employees","order_by":null,"url":"\/63.2-212\/"},{"id":61834,"section_number":"63.2-213","catch_line":"Powers, duties, titles and functions of agents and employees","order_by":null,"url":"\/63.2-213\/"},{"id":55118,"section_number":"9.1-107","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Director","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-107\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":175915,"object_type":"law","relational_id":65778,"identifier":"2.2-2900","token":"2.2\/I\/E\/29\/2.2-2900","url":"\/2.2-2900\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/2.2-2900\/","token":"2.2\/I\/E\/29\/2.2-2900","dublin_core":{"Title":"Short title; 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This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the “Virginia Personnel Act.”\n\t\tThe purpose of this chapter is to ensure for the Commonwealth a system of personnel administration based on merit principles and objective methods of appointment, promotion, transfer, layoff, removal, discipline, and other incidents of state employment.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nSHORT TITLE; PURPOSE (\u00a7 2.2-2900)\n\nThis chapter shall be known and may be cited as the “Virginia Personnel\nAct.”\n\t\tThe purpose of this chapter is to ensure for the Commonwealth a system of\npersonnel administration based on merit principles and objective methods of\nappointment, promotion, transfer, layoff, removal, discipline, and other\nincidents of state employment.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 2-78; 1966, c. 677, \u00a7 2.1-110; 1970, c. 546; 2001, c.\n844.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}