{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/2.2-4025.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/2.2-4025.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/2.2-4025.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/2.2-4025.html"}],"law_id":69646,"edition_id":1,"section_id":69646,"structure_id":15711,"section_number":"2.2-4025","catch_line":"Exemptions operation of this article; limitations","history":"1975, c. 503, \u00a7\u00a7 9-6.14:4.1, 9-6.14:15, 9-6.14:16; 1986, c. 615; 1989, cc. 677, 734; 2001, c. 844; 2002, c. 747.","full_text":"A\n\nThis article shall not apply to any agency action that (i) is placed beyond the control of the courts by constitutional or statutory provisions expressly precluding court review, (ii) involves solely the internal management or routine of an agency, (iii) is a decision resting entirely upon an inspection, test, or election save as to want of authority therefor or claim of arbitrariness or fraud therein, (iv) is a case in which the agency is acting as an agent for a court, or (v) encompasses matters subject by law to a trial de novo in any court.B\n\nThe provisions of this article, however, shall apply to case decisions regarding the grant or denial of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Medicaid, food stamps, general relief, auxiliary grants, or state-local hospitalization. However, no appeal may be brought regarding the adequacy of standards of need and payment levels for public assistance and social services programs. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 2.2-4027, the review shall be based solely upon the agency record, and the court shall be limited to ascertaining whether there was evidence in the agency record to support the case decision of the agency acting as the trier of fact. If the court finds in favor of the party complaining of agency action, the court shall remand the case to the agency for further proceedings. The validity of any statute, regulation, standard or policy, federal or state, upon which the action of the agency was based shall not be subject to review by the court. No intermediate relief shall be granted under § 2.2-4028.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":251794,"text":"This article shall not apply to any agency action that (i) is placed beyond the control of the courts by constitutional or statutory provisions expressly precluding court review, (ii) involves solely the internal management or routine of an agency, (iii) is a decision resting entirely upon an inspection, test, or election save as to want of authority therefor or claim of arbitrariness or fraud therein, (iv) is a case in which the agency is acting as an agent for a court, or (v) encompasses matters subject by law to a trial de novo in any court.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":251795,"text":"The provisions of this article, however, shall apply to case decisions regarding the grant or denial of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Medicaid, food stamps, general relief, auxiliary grants, or state-local hospitalization. However, no appeal may be brought regarding the adequacy of standards of need and payment levels for public assistance and social services programs. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 2.2-4027, the review shall be based solely upon the agency record, and the court shall be limited to ascertaining whether there was evidence in the agency record to support the case decision of the agency acting as the trier of fact. If the court finds in favor of the party complaining of agency action, the court shall remand the case to the agency for further proceedings. The validity of any statute, regulation, standard or policy, federal or state, upon which the action of the agency was based shall not be subject to review by the court. No intermediate relief shall be granted under § 2.2-4028.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":15711,"edition_id":1,"name":"Court Review","identifier":"5","label":"article","depth":5,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12798,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:58:12","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:58:12","permalink":{"id":176895,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15711,"identifier":"5","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/40\/5","url":"\/2.2\/II\/B\/40\/5\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12798,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administrative Process Act","identifier":"40","label":"chapter","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12751,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:53","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:53","permalink":{"id":176717,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12798,"identifier":"40","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/40","url":"\/2.2\/II\/B\/40\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12751,"edition_id":1,"name":"Transaction of Public Business","identifier":"B","label":"part","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12750,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":176445,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12751,"identifier":"B","token":"2.2\/II\/B","url":"\/2.2\/II\/B\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12750,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administration of State Government","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12749,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":176253,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12750,"identifier":"II","token":"2.2\/II","url":"\/2.2\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12749,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administration of Government","identifier":"2.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":171453,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12749,"identifier":"2.2","token":"2.2","url":"\/2.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":69646,"structure_id":15711,"section_number":"2.2-4025","catch_line":"Exemptions operation of this article; limitations","url":"\/2.2-4025\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/40\/5\/2.2-4025","metadata":false},{"id":76087,"structure_id":15711,"section_number":"2.2-4026","catch_line":"Right, forms, venue; date of adoption or readoption for purposes of appeal","url":"\/2.2-4026\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/40\/5\/2.2-4026","metadata":false},{"id":75768,"structure_id":15711,"section_number":"2.2-4027","catch_line":"Issues on review","url":"\/2.2-4027\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/40\/5\/2.2-4027","metadata":false},{"id":87000,"structure_id":15711,"section_number":"2.2-4028","catch_line":"Intermediate relief","url":"\/2.2-4028\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/40\/5\/2.2-4028","metadata":false},{"id":77109,"structure_id":15711,"section_number":"2.2-4029","catch_line":"Court judgments","url":"\/2.2-4029\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/40\/5\/2.2-4029","metadata":false},{"id":60209,"structure_id":15711,"section_number":"2.2-4030","catch_line":"Recovery of costs and attorney fees from agency","url":"\/2.2-4030\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/40\/5\/2.2-4030","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":76087,"structure_id":15711,"section_number":"2.2-4026","catch_line":"Right, forms, venue; date of adoption or readoption for purposes of appeal","url":"\/2.2-4026\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/40\/5\/2.2-4026","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/2.2-4025\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1975. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 503 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1975 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 4 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1986, chapter 615; in 1989, chapters 677 and 734; in 2001, chapter 844<\/a>; in 2002, chapter 747<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":62609,"section_number":"10.1-1197.7","catch_line":"Review and authorization of projects","order_by":null,"url":"\/10.1-1197.7\/"},{"id":79590,"section_number":"18.2-340.20","catch_line":"Denial, suspension, or revocation of permit; hearings and appeals","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-340.20\/"},{"id":85209,"section_number":"18.2-340.24:1","catch_line":"Registration requirements; certain organizations","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-340.24_1\/"},{"id":66656,"section_number":"2.2-4002.1","catch_line":"Guidance documents","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4002.1\/"},{"id":79050,"section_number":"2.2-4007.04","catch_line":"Economic impact analysis","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4007.04\/"},{"id":60209,"section_number":"2.2-4030","catch_line":"Recovery of costs and attorney fees from agency","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4030\/"},{"id":57132,"section_number":"23.1-707","catch_line":"Prepaid tuition contracts and college and ABLE savings trust agreements","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-707\/"},{"id":70976,"section_number":"3.2-3217","catch_line":"Appeals generally","order_by":null,"url":"\/3.2-3217\/"},{"id":60850,"section_number":"32.1-126","catch_line":"Commissioner to inspect and to issue licenses to or assure compliance with certification requirements for hospitals, nursing homes, and certified nursing facilities; notice of denial of license; consultative advice and assistance; notice to electric utilities","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-126\/"},{"id":61098,"section_number":"32.1-137.5","catch_line":"Civil penalties; probation; suspension; restriction or prohibition of new enrollments to managed care health insurance plan licensee; revocation or nonrenewal of certificate of quality assurance; appeal process; correction","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-137.5\/"},{"id":69340,"section_number":"45.2-1120","catch_line":" Revocation of certificates","order_by":null,"url":"\/45.2-1120\/"},{"id":63378,"section_number":"45.2-1157","catch_line":" Notices of violations","order_by":null,"url":"\/45.2-1157\/"},{"id":76187,"section_number":"45.2-528","catch_line":" Board action; suspend, revoke, or take other action","order_by":null,"url":"\/45.2-528\/"},{"id":82262,"section_number":"45.2-568","catch_line":" Notices of violations","order_by":null,"url":"\/45.2-568\/"},{"id":84434,"section_number":"51.1-1135.1","catch_line":"Appeals","order_by":null,"url":"\/51.1-1135.1\/"},{"id":68044,"section_number":"51.1-1177","catch_line":"Appeals","order_by":null,"url":"\/51.1-1177\/"},{"id":56421,"section_number":"51.1-124.11","catch_line":"Recovery of payments procured by fraud, false statement, etc","order_by":null,"url":"\/51.1-124.11\/"},{"id":79331,"section_number":"51.5-99","catch_line":"Appeal","order_by":null,"url":"\/51.5-99\/"},{"id":54973,"section_number":"54.1-1122","catch_line":"Consideration of applications for payment","order_by":null,"url":"\/54.1-1122\/"},{"id":61533,"section_number":"54.1-2114","catch_line":"Recovery from fund generally","order_by":null,"url":"\/54.1-2114\/"},{"id":78911,"section_number":"54.1-2354.5","catch_line":"Common Interest Community Management Recovery Fund","order_by":null,"url":"\/54.1-2354.5\/"},{"id":68127,"section_number":"58.1-4105","catch_line":"Hearing and appeal","order_by":null,"url":"\/58.1-4105\/"},{"id":85890,"section_number":"58.1-527","catch_line":"Appeals from hearings","order_by":null,"url":"\/58.1-527\/"},{"id":70170,"section_number":"59.1-373","catch_line":"Hearing and appeal","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-373\/"},{"id":79068,"section_number":"59.1-562","catch_line":"Hearing and appeal","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-562\/"},{"id":79084,"section_number":"63.2-1526","catch_line":"Appeals of certain actions of local departments","order_by":null,"url":"\/63.2-1526\/"},{"id":57587,"section_number":"9.1-405","catch_line":"Appeal from decision of Virginia Retirement System","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-405\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":75768,"section_number":"2.2-4027","catch_line":"Issues on review","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4027\/"},{"id":87000,"section_number":"2.2-4028","catch_line":"Intermediate relief","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4028\/"}],"permalink":{"id":176897,"object_type":"law","relational_id":69646,"identifier":"2.2-4025","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/40\/5\/2.2-4025","url":"\/2.2-4025\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/2.2-4025\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/40\/5\/2.2-4025","dublin_core":{"Title":"Exemptions operation of this article; limitations","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 2.2-4025","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> This article shall not apply to any agency action<\/span> that (i) is placed beyond the control of the courts<\/span> by constitutional or statutory provisions expressly precluding court<\/span> review, (ii) involves solely the internal management or routine of an agency, (iii) is a decision resting entirely upon an inspection, test, or election save as to want of authority therefor or claim of arbitrariness or fraud<\/span> therein, (iv) is a case<\/span> in which the agency is acting as an agent for a court<\/span>, or (v) encompasses matters subject by law<\/span> to a trial de novo<\/span> in any court<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> The provisions of this article, however, shall apply to case decisions<\/span> regarding the grant or denial of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Medicaid, food stamps, general relief, auxiliary grants, or state-local hospitalization. However, no appeal<\/span> may be brought regarding the adequacy of standards of need and payment levels for public assistance and social services programs<\/span>. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 2.2-4027<\/a>, the review shall be based solely upon the agency record, and the court<\/span> shall be limited to ascertaining whether there was evidence<\/span> in the agency record to support the case decision<\/span> of the agency acting as the trier of fact<\/span>. If the court<\/span> finds in favor of the party<\/span> complaining of agency action<\/span>, the court<\/span> shall remand<\/span> the case to the agency for further proceedings. The validity of any statute<\/span>, regulation<\/span>, standard or policy, federal or state, upon which the action of the agency was based shall not be subject to review by the court<\/span>. No intermediate relief shall be granted under § 2.2-4028<\/a>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nEXEMPTIONS OPERATION OF THIS ARTICLE; LIMITATIONS (\u00a7 2.2-4025)\n\nA. This article shall not apply to any agency action that (i) is placed beyond\nthe control of the courts by constitutional or statutory provisions expressly\nprecluding court review, (ii) involves solely the internal management or routine\nof an agency, (iii) is a decision resting entirely upon an inspection, test, or\nelection save as to want of authority therefor or claim of arbitrariness or\nfraud therein, (iv) is a case in which the agency is acting as an agent for a\ncourt, or (v) encompasses matters subject by law to a trial de novo in any\ncourt.\n\nB. The provisions of this article, however, shall apply to case decisions\nregarding the grant or denial of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families,\nMedicaid, food stamps, general relief, auxiliary grants, or state-local\nhospitalization. However, no appeal may be brought regarding the adequacy of\nstandards of need and payment levels for public assistance and social services\nprograms. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 2.2-4027, the review shall be\nbased solely upon the agency record, and the court shall be limited to\nascertaining whether there was evidence in the agency record to support the case\ndecision of the agency acting as the trier of fact. If the court finds in favor\nof the party complaining of agency action, the court shall remand the case to\nthe agency for further proceedings. The validity of any statute, regulation,\nstandard or policy, federal or state, upon which the action of the agency was\nbased shall not be subject to review by the court. No intermediate relief shall\nbe granted under § 2.2-4028.\n\nHISTORY: 1975, c. 503, \u00a7\u00a7 9-6.14:4.1, 9-6.14:15, 9-6.14:16; 1986, c. 615;\n1989, cc. 677, 734; 2001, c. 844; 2002, c. 747.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}