{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/2.2-4315.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/2.2-4315.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/2.2-4315.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/2.2-4315.html"}],"law_id":58266,"edition_id":1,"section_id":58266,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4315","catch_line":"Use of brand names","history":"1982, c. 647, \u00a7 11-49; 2001, c. 844.","full_text":"Unless otherwise provided in the Invitation to Bid, the name of a certain brand, make or manufacturer shall not restrict bidders to the specific brand, make or manufacturer named and shall be deemed to convey the general style, type, character, and quality of the article desired. Any article that the public body in its sole discretion determines to be the equal of that specified, considering quality, workmanship, economy of operation, and suitability for the purpose intended, shall be accepted.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":213485,"text":"Unless otherwise provided in the Invitation to Bid, the name of a certain brand, make or manufacturer shall not restrict bidders to the specific brand, make or manufacturer named and shall be deemed to convey the general style, type, character, and quality of the article desired. Any article that the public body in its sole discretion determines to be the equal of that specified, considering quality, workmanship, economy of operation, and suitability for the purpose intended, shall be accepted.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":12805,"edition_id":1,"name":"Contract Formation and Administration","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":5,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12752,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","permalink":{"id":177013,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12805,"identifier":"2","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2","url":"\/2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12752,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Public Procurement Act","identifier":"43","label":"chapter","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12751,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":176989,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12752,"identifier":"43","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43","url":"\/2.2\/II\/B\/43\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12751,"edition_id":1,"name":"Transaction of Public Business","identifier":"B","label":"part","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12750,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":176445,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12751,"identifier":"B","token":"2.2\/II\/B","url":"\/2.2\/II\/B\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12750,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administration of State Government","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12749,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":176253,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12750,"identifier":"II","token":"2.2\/II","url":"\/2.2\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12749,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administration of Government","identifier":"2.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":171453,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12749,"identifier":"2.2","token":"2.2","url":"\/2.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":60713,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4303","catch_line":"Methods of procurement","url":"\/2.2-4303\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4303","metadata":false},{"id":61675,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4303.01","catch_line":"High-risk contracts; definition; review","url":"\/2.2-4303.01\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4303.01","metadata":false},{"id":63722,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4303.1","catch_line":"Architectural and professional engineering term contracting; limitations","url":"\/2.2-4303.1\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4303.1","metadata":false},{"id":54690,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4303.2","catch_line":"Job order contracting; limitations","url":"\/2.2-4303.2\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4303.2","metadata":false},{"id":60269,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4304","catch_line":"Joint and cooperative procurement","url":"\/2.2-4304\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4304","metadata":false},{"id":67205,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4305","catch_line":"Competitive procurement by localities on state-aid projects","url":"\/2.2-4305\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4305","metadata":false},{"id":85651,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4306","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/2.2-4306\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4306","metadata":false},{"id":80442,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4308.1","catch_line":"Purchase of owner-controlled insurance in construction projects","url":"\/2.2-4308.1\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4308.1","metadata":false},{"id":77240,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4308.2","catch_line":"Registration and use of federal employment eligibility verification program required; debarment","url":"\/2.2-4308.2\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4308.2","metadata":false},{"id":76051,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4309","catch_line":"Modification of the contract","url":"\/2.2-4309\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4309","metadata":false},{"id":59798,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4310","catch_line":"Discrimination prohibited; participation of small, women-owned, minority-owned, military family-owned, and service disabled veteran-owned businesses and employment services organizations","url":"\/2.2-4310\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4310","metadata":false},{"id":83482,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4310.1","catch_line":"Awards as a result of any authorized enhancement or remedial measure; requirements","url":"\/2.2-4310.1\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4310.1","metadata":false},{"id":70958,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4310.2","catch_line":"Executive branch agency's goals for participation by small businesses; requirements","url":"\/2.2-4310.2\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4310.2","metadata":false},{"id":77101,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4310.3","catch_line":"Fiscal data pertaining to certain enhancement or remedial measures","url":"\/2.2-4310.3\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4310.3","metadata":false},{"id":62578,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4311","catch_line":"Employment discrimination by contractor prohibited; required contract provisions","url":"\/2.2-4311\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4311","metadata":false},{"id":67743,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4311.1","catch_line":"Compliance with federal, state, and local laws and federal immigration law; required contract provisions","url":"\/2.2-4311.1\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4311.1","metadata":false},{"id":82121,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4311.2","catch_line":"Compliance with state law; foreign and domestic businesses authorized to transact business in the Commonwealth","url":"\/2.2-4311.2\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4311.2","metadata":false},{"id":70336,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4311.3","catch_line":"Compliance with state law; contract terms inconsistent with state law","url":"\/2.2-4311.3\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4311.3","metadata":false},{"id":62129,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4311.4","catch_line":"Procurement of imported goods; forced and indentured child labor prohibition","url":"\/2.2-4311.4\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4311.4","metadata":false},{"id":79415,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4312","catch_line":"Drug-free workplace to be maintained by contractor; required contract provisions","url":"\/2.2-4312\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4312","metadata":false},{"id":75321,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4313","catch_line":"Petition for recycled goods and products; periodic review of procurement standards","url":"\/2.2-4313\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4313","metadata":false},{"id":87067,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4314","catch_line":"Petition for procurement of less toxic goods and products; periodic review of procurement standards","url":"\/2.2-4314\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4314","metadata":false},{"id":58266,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4315","catch_line":"Use of brand names","url":"\/2.2-4315\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4315","metadata":false},{"id":59468,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4316","catch_line":"Comments concerning specifications","url":"\/2.2-4316\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4316","metadata":false},{"id":84046,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4317","catch_line":"Prequalification generally; prequalification for construction","url":"\/2.2-4317\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4317","metadata":false},{"id":64926,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4318","catch_line":"Negotiation with lowest responsible bidder","url":"\/2.2-4318\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4318","metadata":false},{"id":64505,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4319","catch_line":"Cancellation, rejection of bids; waiver of informalities","url":"\/2.2-4319\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4319","metadata":false},{"id":76824,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4320","catch_line":"Exclusion of insurance bids prohibited","url":"\/2.2-4320\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4320","metadata":false},{"id":59483,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4321","catch_line":"Debarment","url":"\/2.2-4321\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4321","metadata":false},{"id":62909,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4321.1","catch_line":"Prohibited contracts; exceptions; determination by Department of Taxation; appeal; remedies","url":"\/2.2-4321.1\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4321.1","metadata":false},{"id":74446,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4321.2","catch_line":"Public works contracts; project labor agreements authorized","url":"\/2.2-4321.2\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4321.2","metadata":false},{"id":56761,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4321.3","catch_line":"Payment of prevailing wage for work performed on public works contracts; penalty","url":"\/2.2-4321.3\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4321.3","metadata":false},{"id":79921,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4322","catch_line":"Acceptance of bids submitted to the Department of Transportation","url":"\/2.2-4322\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4322","metadata":false},{"id":86146,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4323","catch_line":"Purchase programs for recycled goods; agency responsibilities","url":"\/2.2-4323\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4323","metadata":false},{"id":66033,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4323.1","catch_line":"Purchase of flags of the United States and the Commonwealth by public bodies","url":"\/2.2-4323.1\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4323.1","metadata":false},{"id":60604,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4324","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2027) Preference for Virginia products with recycled content and for Virginia firms","url":"\/2.2-4324\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4324","metadata":false},{"id":76844,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4325","catch_line":"Preference for Virginia coal used in state facilities","url":"\/2.2-4325\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4325","metadata":false},{"id":75140,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4326","catch_line":"Preference for recycled paper and paper products used by state agencies","url":"\/2.2-4326\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4326","metadata":false},{"id":82739,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4327","catch_line":"Preference for community reinvestment activities in contracts for investment of funds","url":"\/2.2-4327\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4327","metadata":false},{"id":62013,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4328","catch_line":"Preference for local products and firms; applicability","url":"\/2.2-4328\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4328","metadata":false},{"id":73628,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4328.1","catch_line":"Preference for energy-efficient and water-efficient goods","url":"\/2.2-4328.1\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4328.1","metadata":false},{"id":63397,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4328.2","catch_line":"Purchase of personal protective equipment by state agencies","url":"\/2.2-4328.2\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4328.2","metadata":false},{"id":81072,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4328.3","catch_line":"Solar photovoltaic equipment and facilities","url":"\/2.2-4328.3\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4328.3","metadata":false},{"id":64067,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4329","catch_line":"Expired","url":"\/2.2-4329\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4329","metadata":false},{"id":72432,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4329.1","catch_line":"Energy forward pricing mechanisms","url":"\/2.2-4329.1\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4329.1","metadata":false},{"id":73315,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4330","catch_line":"Withdrawal of bid due to error","url":"\/2.2-4330\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4330","metadata":false},{"id":66024,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4331","catch_line":"Contract pricing arrangements","url":"\/2.2-4331\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4331","metadata":false},{"id":86314,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4332","catch_line":"Workers' compensation requirements for construction contractors and subcontractors","url":"\/2.2-4332\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4332","metadata":false},{"id":53971,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4333","catch_line":"Retainage on construction contracts","url":"\/2.2-4333\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4333","metadata":false},{"id":68826,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4334","catch_line":"Deposit of certain retained funds on certain contracts with local governments; penalty for failure to timely complete","url":"\/2.2-4334\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4334","metadata":false},{"id":84415,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4335","catch_line":"Public construction contract provisions barring damages for unreasonable delays declared void","url":"\/2.2-4335\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4335","metadata":false},{"id":55647,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4336","catch_line":"Bid bonds; construction contracts","url":"\/2.2-4336\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4336","metadata":false},{"id":79610,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4337","catch_line":"Performance and payment bonds","url":"\/2.2-4337\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4337","metadata":false},{"id":86516,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4338","catch_line":"Alternative forms of security","url":"\/2.2-4338\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4338","metadata":false},{"id":66839,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4339","catch_line":"Bonds on other than construction contracts","url":"\/2.2-4339\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4339","metadata":false},{"id":54251,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4340","catch_line":"Action on performance bond","url":"\/2.2-4340\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4340","metadata":false},{"id":65780,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4340.1","catch_line":"Statute of limitations on construction contracts","url":"\/2.2-4340.1\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4340.1","metadata":false},{"id":85767,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4340.2","catch_line":"Statute of limitations on architectural and engineering contracts","url":"\/2.2-4340.2\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4340.2","metadata":false},{"id":56940,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4341","catch_line":"Actions on payment bonds; waiver of right to sue","url":"\/2.2-4341\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4341","metadata":false},{"id":71233,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4342","catch_line":"Public inspection of certain records","url":"\/2.2-4342\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4342","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":87067,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4314","catch_line":"Petition for procurement of less toxic goods and products; periodic review of procurement standards","url":"\/2.2-4314\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4314","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":59468,"structure_id":12805,"section_number":"2.2-4316","catch_line":"Comments concerning specifications","url":"\/2.2-4316\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4316","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/2.2-4315\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1982. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 647 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1982 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2001, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?011+ful+CHAP0844\">844<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":54190,"section_number":"2.2-4343","catch_line":"Exemption from operation of chapter for certain transactions","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4343\/"},{"id":67105,"section_number":"23.1-2213","catch_line":"Medical center management; capital projects; leases of property; procurement","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-2213\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":177103,"object_type":"law","relational_id":58266,"identifier":"2.2-4315","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4315","url":"\/2.2-4315\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/2.2-4315\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/43\/2\/2.2-4315","dublin_core":{"Title":"Use of brand names","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 2.2-4315","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Unless otherwise provided in the Invitation to Bid, the name of a certain brand, make or manufacturer shall not restrict bidders to the specific brand, make or manufacturer named and shall be deemed to convey the general style, type, character, and quality of the article desired. Any article that the <span class=\"dictionary\">public body<\/span> in its sole discretion determines to be the equal of that specified, considering quality, workmanship, economy of operation, and suitability for the purpose intended, shall be accepted.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nUSE OF BRAND NAMES (\u00a7 2.2-4315)\n\nUnless otherwise provided in the Invitation to Bid, the name of a certain brand,\nmake or manufacturer shall not restrict bidders to the specific brand, make or\nmanufacturer named and shall be deemed to convey the general style, type,\ncharacter, and quality of the article desired. Any article that the public body\nin its sole discretion determines to be the equal of that specified, considering\nquality, workmanship, economy of operation, and suitability for the purpose\nintended, shall be accepted.\n\nHISTORY: 1982, c. 647, \u00a7 11-49; 2001, c. 844.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}