{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/2.2-4806.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/2.2-4806.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/2.2-4806.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/2.2-4806.html"}],"law_id":82598,"edition_id":1,"section_id":82598,"structure_id":13795,"section_number":"2.2-4806","catch_line":"Utilization of certain collection techniques","history":"1988, c. 544, \u00a7 2.1-733; 2001, c. 844; 2004, c. 919; 2008, cc. 314, 637; 2009, c. 797; 2018, c. 386; 2020, c. 577.","full_text":"A\n\nEach state agency and institution shall take all appropriate and cost-effective actions to aggressively collect its accounts receivable. Each agency and institution shall utilize, but not be limited to, the following collection techniques, according to the policies and procedures required by the Department of Accounts and the Division: (i) credit reporting bureaus, (ii) collection agencies, (iii) garnishments, liens and judgments, (iv) administrative offset, and (v) participation in the Treasury Offset Program of the United States under 31 U.S.C. § 3716.B\n\nExcept as provided otherwise herein, for collection of accounts receivable of $3,000 or more that are 60 days past due, each agency and institution shall forward those claims to the Division for collection. The Division shall review forwarded accounts, determine the appropriate collection efforts, if any, for each account, and take such actions on the accounts as the Division may so determine.C\n\nExcept as provided otherwise herein, for collection of accounts receivable under $3,000 that are 60 days past due, each agency and institution shall contract with a private collection agency for the collection of those debts. Prior to referring accounts receivable of less than $3,000, agencies and institutions may refer such accounts to the Division. The Division may accept the account for collection or return it to the agency or institution for collection by a private collection agency.D\n\nExcept as otherwise provided in this subsection, where a debtor is paying a debt in periodic payments to an agency or institution, the agency or institution may elect to retain the claim in excess of 60 days provided that such periodic payments are promptly paid until the account is satisfied. In the event the debtor is delinquent (i) by 60 days in paying a periodic payment or (ii) for such other period of time approved by the Division, the account shall be handled in the manner provided by subsections B and C of this section.E\n\nA public institution of higher education shall provide a debtor who is currently enrolled in such institution the option to pay his debt in periodic payments over the course of the term or semester in which the account became past due or, at the discretion of such institution, over a longer period, provided that such periodic payments are promptly paid until the account is satisfied. In the event that the debtor is delinquent (i) by 60 days in paying a periodic payment or (ii) for such other period of time approved by the Division, the account shall be handled in the manner provided by subsections B and C.F\n\nNotwithstanding any other provision of this chapter or any other law to the contrary, neither the Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Authority (the Authority) nor the University of Virginia Medical Center (the Center) shall engage in extraordinary collection actions, as defined in § 501(r) of the Internal Revenue Code as it was in effect on January 1, 2020, to collect patient accounts receivable related to medical treatment at such Authority or Center or its affiliated facilities unless the Authority or Center has undertaken all reasonable efforts to determine whether an individual with delinquent debt is eligible for Medicaid or other assistance under the Authority’s or Center’s financial assistance policy.G\n\nEach state agency and institution shall report and pay required fees to the Division as required by subsection C of § 2.2-518.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":295931,"text":"Each state agency and institution shall take all appropriate and cost-effective actions to aggressively collect its accounts receivable. Each agency and institution shall utilize, but not be limited to, the following collection techniques, according to the policies and procedures required by the Department of Accounts and the Division: (i) credit reporting bureaus, (ii) collection agencies, (iii) garnishments, liens and judgments, (iv) administrative offset, and (v) participation in the Treasury Offset Program of the United States under 31 U.S.C. § 3716.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":295932,"text":"Except as provided otherwise herein, for collection of accounts receivable of $3,000 or more that are 60 days past due, each agency and institution shall forward those claims to the Division for collection. The Division shall review forwarded accounts, determine the appropriate collection efforts, if any, for each account, and take such actions on the accounts as the Division may so determine.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":295933,"text":"Except as provided otherwise herein, for collection of accounts receivable under $3,000 that are 60 days past due, each agency and institution shall contract with a private collection agency for the collection of those debts. Prior to referring accounts receivable of less than $3,000, agencies and institutions may refer such accounts to the Division. The Division may accept the account for collection or return it to the agency or institution for collection by a private collection agency.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"D"},"3":{"id":295934,"text":"Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, where a debtor is paying a debt in periodic payments to an agency or institution, the agency or institution may elect to retain the claim in excess of 60 days provided that such periodic payments are promptly paid until the account is satisfied. In the event the debtor is delinquent (i) by 60 days in paying a periodic payment or (ii) for such other period of time approved by the Division, the account shall be handled in the manner provided by subsections B and C of this section.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C","next_prefix":"E"},"4":{"id":295935,"text":"A public institution of higher education shall provide a debtor who is currently enrolled in such institution the option to pay his debt in periodic payments over the course of the term or semester in which the account became past due or, at the discretion of such institution, over a longer period, provided that such periodic payments are promptly paid until the account is satisfied. In the event that the debtor is delinquent (i) by 60 days in paying a periodic payment or (ii) for such other period of time approved by the Division, the account shall be handled in the manner provided by subsections B and C.","type":"section","prefixes":["E"],"prefix":"E","entire_prefix":"E","prefix_anchor":"E","level":1,"prior_prefix":"D","next_prefix":"F"},"5":{"id":295936,"text":"Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter or any other law to the contrary, neither the Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Authority (the Authority) nor the University of Virginia Medical Center (the Center) shall engage in extraordinary collection actions, as defined in § 501(r) of the Internal Revenue Code as it was in effect on January 1, 2020, to collect patient accounts receivable related to medical treatment at such Authority or Center or its affiliated facilities unless the Authority or Center has undertaken all reasonable efforts to determine whether an individual with delinquent debt is eligible for Medicaid or other assistance under the Authority’s or Center’s financial assistance policy.","type":"section","prefixes":["F"],"prefix":"F","entire_prefix":"F","prefix_anchor":"F","level":1,"prior_prefix":"E","next_prefix":"G"},"6":{"id":295937,"text":"Each state agency and institution shall report and pay required fees to the Division as required by subsection C of § 2.2-518.","type":"section","prefixes":["G"],"prefix":"G","entire_prefix":"G","prefix_anchor":"G","level":1,"prior_prefix":"F"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13795,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Debt Collection Act","identifier":"48","label":"chapter","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12751,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:54","permalink":{"id":177647,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13795,"identifier":"48","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48","url":"\/2.2\/II\/B\/48\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12751,"edition_id":1,"name":"Transaction of Public Business","identifier":"B","label":"part","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12750,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":176445,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12751,"identifier":"B","token":"2.2\/II\/B","url":"\/2.2\/II\/B\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12750,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administration of State Government","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12749,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":176253,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12750,"identifier":"II","token":"2.2\/II","url":"\/2.2\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12749,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administration of Government","identifier":"2.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":171453,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12749,"identifier":"2.2","token":"2.2","url":"\/2.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":85840,"structure_id":13795,"section_number":"2.2-4800","catch_line":"Policy of the Commonwealth; collection of accounts receivable","url":"\/2.2-4800\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4800","metadata":false},{"id":54803,"structure_id":13795,"section_number":"2.2-4801","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/2.2-4801\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4801","metadata":false},{"id":63332,"structure_id":13795,"section_number":"2.2-4802","catch_line":"Responsibility for accounts receivable policy; reports","url":"\/2.2-4802\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4802","metadata":false},{"id":85117,"structure_id":13795,"section_number":"2.2-4803","catch_line":"Legal counsel","url":"\/2.2-4803\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4803","metadata":false},{"id":66982,"structure_id":13795,"section_number":"2.2-4804","catch_line":"Annual reports","url":"\/2.2-4804\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4804","metadata":false},{"id":59860,"structure_id":13795,"section_number":"2.2-4805","catch_line":"Interest, administrative charges and penalty fees","url":"\/2.2-4805\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4805","metadata":false},{"id":82598,"structure_id":13795,"section_number":"2.2-4806","catch_line":"Utilization of certain collection techniques","url":"\/2.2-4806\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4806","metadata":false},{"id":83558,"structure_id":13795,"section_number":"2.2-4807","catch_line":"Debtor information and skip-tracing","url":"\/2.2-4807\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4807","metadata":false},{"id":73907,"structure_id":13795,"section_number":"2.2-4808","catch_line":"Provision of state services to delinquent debtors","url":"\/2.2-4808\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4808","metadata":false},{"id":87320,"structure_id":13795,"section_number":"2.2-4809","catch_line":"Agreement authorized; setoff federal debts","url":"\/2.2-4809\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4809","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":59860,"structure_id":13795,"section_number":"2.2-4805","catch_line":"Interest, administrative charges and penalty fees","url":"\/2.2-4805\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4805","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":83558,"structure_id":13795,"section_number":"2.2-4807","catch_line":"Debtor information and skip-tracing","url":"\/2.2-4807\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4807","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/2.2-4806\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1988. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 544 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1988 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 6 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2001, chapter 844<\/a>; in 2004, chapter 919<\/a>; in 2008, chapters 314<\/a> and 637<\/a>; in 2009, chapter 797<\/a>; in 2018, chapter 386<\/a>; in 2020, chapter 577<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":59860,"section_number":"2.2-4805","catch_line":"Interest, administrative charges and penalty fees","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4805\/"},{"id":57579,"section_number":"2.2-518","catch_line":"Division of Debt Collection","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-518\/"},{"id":74312,"section_number":"2.2-519","catch_line":"Prompt collection of accounts receivable","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-519\/"},{"id":59812,"section_number":"23.1-1305","catch_line":"Governing boards; student accounts; collections","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-1305\/"},{"id":67565,"section_number":"23.1-619","catch_line":"Collection of loans","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-619\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":57579,"section_number":"2.2-518","catch_line":"Division of Debt Collection","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-518\/"}],"permalink":{"id":177673,"object_type":"law","relational_id":82598,"identifier":"2.2-4806","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4806","url":"\/2.2-4806\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/2.2-4806\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/48\/2.2-4806","dublin_core":{"Title":"Utilization of certain collection techniques","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 2.2-4806","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Each state agency and institution<\/span> shall take all appropriate and cost-effective actions to aggressively collect its accounts receivable. Each agency and institution shall utilize, but not be limited to, the following collection techniques, according to the policies and procedures required by the Department of Accounts and the Division<\/span>: (i) credit reporting bureaus, (ii) collection agencies, (iii) garnishments<\/span>, liens<\/span> and judgments<\/span>, (iv) administrative offset, and (v) participation in the Treasury Offset Program of the United States under 31 U.S.C. § 3716. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Except as provided otherwise herein, for collection of accounts receivable of $3,000 or more that are 60 days past due, each agency and institution shall forward those claims to the Division<\/span> for collection. The Division<\/span> shall review forwarded accounts, determine the appropriate collection efforts, if any, for each account, and take such actions on the accounts as the Division<\/span> may so determine. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> Except as provided otherwise herein, for collection of accounts receivable under $3,000 that are 60 days past due, each agency and institution shall contract<\/span> with a private collection agency for the collection of those debts. Prior to referring accounts receivable of less than $3,000, agencies and institutions may refer such accounts to the Division<\/span>. The Division<\/span> may accept the account for collection or return it to the agency or institution for collection by a private collection agency. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

D.<\/span> Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, where a debtor is paying a debt in periodic payments to an agency or institution, the agency or institution may elect to retain the claim in excess of 60 days provided that such periodic payments are promptly paid until the account is satisfied. In the event the debtor is delinquent (i) by 60 days in paying a periodic payment or (ii) for such other period of time approved by the Division<\/span>, the account shall be handled in the manner provided by subsections B and C of this section. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

E.<\/span> A public institution of higher education shall provide a debtor who is currently enrolled in such institution the option to pay his debt in periodic payments over the course of the term or semester in which the account became past due or, at the discretion of such institution, over a longer period, provided that such periodic payments are promptly paid until the account is satisfied. In the event that the debtor is delinquent (i) by 60 days in paying a periodic payment or (ii) for such other period of time approved by the Division<\/span>, the account shall be handled in the manner provided by subsections B and C. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

F.<\/span> Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter or any other law<\/span> to the contrary, neither the Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Authority (the Authority) nor the University of Virginia Medical Center (the Center) shall engage in extraordinary collection actions, as defined in § 501(r) of the Internal Revenue Code as it was in effect on January 1, 2020, to collect patient accounts receivable related to medical treatment at such Authority or Center or its affiliated facilities unless the Authority or Center has undertaken all reasonable efforts to determine whether an individual with delinquent debt is eligible for Medicaid or other assistance under the Authority’s or Center’s financial assistance policy. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

G.<\/span> Each state agency and institution<\/span> shall report and pay required fees to the Division<\/span> as required by subsection C of § 2.2-518<\/a>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nUTILIZATION OF CERTAIN COLLECTION TECHNIQUES (\u00a7 2.2-4806)\n\nA. Each state agency and institution shall take all appropriate and\ncost-effective actions to aggressively collect its accounts receivable. Each\nagency and institution shall utilize, but not be limited to, the following\ncollection techniques, according to the policies and procedures required by the\nDepartment of Accounts and the Division: (i) credit reporting bureaus, (ii)\ncollection agencies, (iii) garnishments, liens and judgments, (iv)\nadministrative offset, and (v) participation in the Treasury Offset Program of\nthe United States under 31 U.S.C. § 3716.\n\nB. Except as provided otherwise herein, for collection of accounts receivable of\n$3,000 or more that are 60 days past due, each agency and institution shall\nforward those claims to the Division for collection. The Division shall review\nforwarded accounts, determine the appropriate collection efforts, if any, for\neach account, and take such actions on the accounts as the Division may so\ndetermine.\n\nC. Except as provided otherwise herein, for collection of accounts receivable\nunder $3,000 that are 60 days past due, each agency and institution shall\ncontract with a private collection agency for the collection of those debts.\nPrior to referring accounts receivable of less than $3,000, agencies and\ninstitutions may refer such accounts to the Division. The Division may accept\nthe account for collection or return it to the agency or institution for\ncollection by a private collection agency.\n\nD. Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, where a debtor is paying a\ndebt in periodic payments to an agency or institution, the agency or institution\nmay elect to retain the claim in excess of 60 days provided that such periodic\npayments are promptly paid until the account is satisfied. In the event the\ndebtor is delinquent (i) by 60 days in paying a periodic payment or (ii) for\nsuch other period of time approved by the Division, the account shall be handled\nin the manner provided by subsections B and C of this section.\n\nE. A public institution of higher education shall provide a debtor who is\ncurrently enrolled in such institution the option to pay his debt in periodic\npayments over the course of the term or semester in which the account became\npast due or, at the discretion of such institution, over a longer period,\nprovided that such periodic payments are promptly paid until the account is\nsatisfied. In the event that the debtor is delinquent (i) by 60 days in paying a\nperiodic payment or (ii) for such other period of time approved by the Division,\nthe account shall be handled in the manner provided by subsections B and C.\n\nF. Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter or any other law to the\ncontrary, neither the Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Authority\n(the Authority) nor the University of Virginia Medical Center (the Center) shall\nengage in extraordinary collection actions, as defined in § 501(r) of the\nInternal Revenue Code as it was in effect on January 1, 2020, to collect patient\naccounts receivable related to medical treatment at such Authority or Center or\nits affiliated facilities unless the Authority or Center has undertaken all\nreasonable efforts to determine whether an individual with delinquent debt is\neligible for Medicaid or other assistance under the Authority’s or\nCenter’s financial assistance policy.\n\nG. Each state agency and institution shall report and pay required fees to the\nDivision as required by subsection C of § 2.2-518.\n\nHISTORY: 1988, c. 544, \u00a7 2.1-733; 2001, c. 844; 2004, c. 919; 2008, cc. 314,\n637; 2009, c. 797; 2018, c. 386; 2020, c. 577.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}