{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/2.2-5508.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/2.2-5508.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/2.2-5508.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/2.2-5508.html"}],"law_id":61086,"edition_id":1,"section_id":61086,"structure_id":15529,"section_number":"2.2-5508","catch_line":"Penalties","history":"1994, c. 472, \u00a7 2.1-777; 2001, c. 844.","full_text":"A civil penalty of not more than $500 may be assessed by the Department against any person who violates any provision of this chapter. In determining the amount of the penalty, the Department shall consider the degree and extent of harm caused by the violation. No civil penalty may be assessed under this section unless the person has been given the opportunity for a hearing pursuant to the Administrative Process Act, (\u00a7 2.2-4000 et seq.). Any continuing failure to notify under \u00a7 2.2-5503 shall constitute the same offense for purposes of imposing the penalty authorized by this section.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":223324,"text":"A civil penalty of not more than $500 may be assessed by the Department against any person who violates any provision of this chapter. In determining the amount of the penalty, the Department shall consider the degree and extent of harm caused by the violation. No civil penalty may be assessed under this section unless the person has been given the opportunity for a hearing pursuant to the Administrative Process Act, (\u00a7 2.2-4000 et seq.). Any continuing failure to notify under \u00a7 2.2-5503 shall constitute the same offense for purposes of imposing the penalty authorized by this section.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":15529,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Biotechnology Research Act","identifier":"55","label":"chapter","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12751,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:55:59","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:55:59","permalink":{"id":177941,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15529,"identifier":"55","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55","url":"\/2.2\/II\/B\/55\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12751,"edition_id":1,"name":"Transaction of Public Business","identifier":"B","label":"part","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12750,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":176445,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12751,"identifier":"B","token":"2.2\/II\/B","url":"\/2.2\/II\/B\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12750,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administration of State Government","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12749,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":176253,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12750,"identifier":"II","token":"2.2\/II","url":"\/2.2\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12749,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administration of Government","identifier":"2.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":171453,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12749,"identifier":"2.2","token":"2.2","url":"\/2.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":59399,"structure_id":15529,"section_number":"2.2-5500","catch_line":"Purpose","url":"\/2.2-5500\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5500","metadata":false},{"id":62425,"structure_id":15529,"section_number":"2.2-5501","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/2.2-5501\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5501","metadata":false},{"id":59259,"structure_id":15529,"section_number":"2.2-5502","catch_line":"Exemptions from chapter to be determined by Department","url":"\/2.2-5502\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5502","metadata":false},{"id":84406,"structure_id":15529,"section_number":"2.2-5503","catch_line":"Requirements for regulated introduction","url":"\/2.2-5503\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5503","metadata":false},{"id":86467,"structure_id":15529,"section_number":"2.2-5504","catch_line":"Public notice of proposed regulated introduction","url":"\/2.2-5504\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5504","metadata":false},{"id":72976,"structure_id":15529,"section_number":"2.2-5505","catch_line":"Comment on proposed regulated introduction","url":"\/2.2-5505\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5505","metadata":false},{"id":59221,"structure_id":15529,"section_number":"2.2-5506","catch_line":"Confidential business information; Department to establish procedures","url":"\/2.2-5506\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5506","metadata":false},{"id":68975,"structure_id":15529,"section_number":"2.2-5507","catch_line":"Enforcement","url":"\/2.2-5507\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5507","metadata":false},{"id":61086,"structure_id":15529,"section_number":"2.2-5508","catch_line":"Penalties","url":"\/2.2-5508\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5508","metadata":false},{"id":60378,"structure_id":15529,"section_number":"2.2-5509","catch_line":"Limitation on local regulation","url":"\/2.2-5509\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5509","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":68975,"structure_id":15529,"section_number":"2.2-5507","catch_line":"Enforcement","url":"\/2.2-5507\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5507","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":60378,"structure_id":15529,"section_number":"2.2-5509","catch_line":"Limitation on local regulation","url":"\/2.2-5509\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5509","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/2.2-5508\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1994. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?941+ful+CHAP0472\">472<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2001, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?011+ful+CHAP0844\">844<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":86911,"section_number":"2.2-4000","catch_line":"Short title; purpose","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4000\/"},{"id":84406,"section_number":"2.2-5503","catch_line":"Requirements for regulated introduction","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-5503\/"}],"permalink":{"id":177975,"object_type":"law","relational_id":61086,"identifier":"2.2-5508","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5508","url":"\/2.2-5508\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/2.2-5508\/","token":"2.2\/II\/B\/55\/2.2-5508","dublin_core":{"Title":"Penalties","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 2.2-5508","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>A civil <span class=\"dictionary\">penalty<\/span> of not more than $500 may be assessed by the <span class=\"dictionary\">Department<\/span> against any person who violates any provision of this chapter. In determining the amount of the <span class=\"dictionary\">penalty<\/span>, the <span class=\"dictionary\">Department<\/span> shall consider the degree and extent of harm caused by the violation. No civil <span class=\"dictionary\">penalty<\/span> may be assessed under this section unless the person has been given the opportunity for a <span class=\"dictionary\">hearing<\/span> pursuant to the Administrative Process Act, (\u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Short title; purpose\" href=\"\/2.2-4000\/\">2.2-4000<\/a> et seq.). Any continuing failure to notify under \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Requirements for regulated introduction\" href=\"\/2.2-5503\/\">2.2-5503<\/a> shall constitute the same <span class=\"dictionary\">offense<\/span> for purposes of imposing the <span class=\"dictionary\">penalty<\/span> authorized by this section.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPENALTIES (\u00a7 2.2-5508)\n\nA civil penalty of not more than $500 may be assessed by the Department against\nany person who violates any provision of this chapter. In determining the amount\nof the penalty, the Department shall consider the degree and extent of harm\ncaused by the violation. No civil penalty may be assessed under this section\nunless the person has been given the opportunity for a hearing pursuant to the\nAdministrative Process Act, (\u00a7 2.2-4000 et seq.). Any continuing failure to\nnotify under \u00a7 2.2-5503 shall constitute the same offense for purposes of\nimposing the penalty authorized by this section.\n\nHISTORY: 1994, c. 472, \u00a7 2.1-777; 2001, c. 844.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}