{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/20-146.3.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/20-146.3.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/20-146.3.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/20-146.3.html"}],"law_id":60654,"edition_id":1,"section_id":60654,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.3","catch_line":"Application to Indian tribes","history":"2001, c. 305.","full_text":"A\n\nA child custody proceeding that pertains to an Indian child as defined in the Indian Child Welfare Act, 25 U.S.C. § 1901 et seq., is not subject to this act to the extent that it is governed by the Indian Child Welfare Act.B\n\nA court of this Commonwealth shall treat a tribe as if it were a state of the United States for the purpose of applying this article and Article 2 (§ 20-146.12 et seq.) of this chapter.C\n\nA child custody determination made by a tribe under factual circumstances in substantial conformity with the jurisdictional standards of this act must be recognized and enforced under Article 3 (§ 20-146.22 et seq.) of this chapter.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":221687,"text":"A child custody proceeding that pertains to an Indian child as defined in the Indian Child Welfare Act, 25 U.S.C. § 1901 et seq., is not subject to this act to the extent that it is governed by the Indian Child Welfare Act.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":221688,"text":"A court of this Commonwealth shall treat a tribe as if it were a state of the United States for the purpose of applying this article and Article 2 (§ 20-146.12 et seq.) of this chapter.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":221689,"text":"A child custody determination made by a tribe under factual circumstances in substantial conformity with the jurisdictional standards of this act must be recognized and enforced under Article 3 (§ 20-146.22 et seq.) of this chapter.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13274,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13273,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:33","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:33","permalink":{"id":179225,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13274,"identifier":"1","token":"20\/7.1\/1","url":"\/20\/7.1\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13273,"edition_id":1,"name":"Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act","identifier":"7.1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12711,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:33","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:33","permalink":{"id":179223,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13273,"identifier":"7.1","token":"20\/7.1","url":"\/20\/7.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12711,"edition_id":1,"name":"Domestic Relations","identifier":"20","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":178075,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12711,"identifier":"20","token":"20","url":"\/20\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":82783,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.1","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/20-146.1\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.1","metadata":false},{"id":54269,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.10","catch_line":"Taking testimony in another state","url":"\/20-146.10\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.10","metadata":false},{"id":83304,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.11","catch_line":"Cooperation between courts; preservation of records","url":"\/20-146.11\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.11","metadata":false},{"id":78363,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.2","catch_line":"Proceedings governed by other law","url":"\/20-146.2\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.2","metadata":false},{"id":60654,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.3","catch_line":"Application to Indian tribes","url":"\/20-146.3\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.3","metadata":false},{"id":73892,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.4","catch_line":"International application","url":"\/20-146.4\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.4","metadata":false},{"id":84722,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.5","catch_line":"Effect of child custody determination","url":"\/20-146.5\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.5","metadata":false},{"id":78165,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.6","catch_line":"Priority","url":"\/20-146.6\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.6","metadata":false},{"id":56615,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.7","catch_line":"Notice to persons outside state","url":"\/20-146.7\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.7","metadata":false},{"id":56914,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.8","catch_line":"Appearance and limited immunity","url":"\/20-146.8\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.8","metadata":false},{"id":70807,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.9","catch_line":"Communication between courts","url":"\/20-146.9\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":78363,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.2","catch_line":"Proceedings governed by other law","url":"\/20-146.2\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.2","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":73892,"structure_id":13274,"section_number":"20-146.4","catch_line":"International application","url":"\/20-146.4\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.4","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/20-146.3\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2001. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 305<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":56827,"section_number":"20-146.12","catch_line":"Initial child custody jurisdiction","order_by":null,"url":"\/20-146.12\/"},{"id":63086,"section_number":"20-146.22","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/20-146.22\/"}],"permalink":{"id":179243,"object_type":"law","relational_id":60654,"identifier":"20-146.3","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.3","url":"\/20-146.3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/20-146.3\/","token":"20\/7.1\/1\/20-146.3","dublin_core":{"Title":"Application to Indian tribes","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 20-146.3","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> A child custody<\/span> proceeding that pertains to an Indian child as defined in the Indian Child Welfare Act, 25 U.S.C. § 1901 et seq., is not subject to this act to the extent that it is governed by the Indian Child Welfare Act. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> A court<\/span> of this Commonwealth shall treat a tribe as if it were a state of the United States for the purpose of applying this article and Article 2 (§ 20-146.12<\/a> et seq.) of this chapter. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> A child custody<\/span> determination made by a tribe under factual circumstances in substantial conformity with the jurisdictional standards of this act must be recognized and enforced under Article 3 (§ 20-146.22<\/a> et seq.) of this chapter. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nAPPLICATION TO INDIAN TRIBES (\u00a7 20-146.3)\n\nA. A child custody proceeding that pertains to an Indian child as defined in the\nIndian Child Welfare Act, 25 U.S.C. § 1901 et seq., is not subject to this\nact to the extent that it is governed by the Indian Child Welfare Act.\n\nB. A court of this Commonwealth shall treat a tribe as if it were a state of the\nUnited States for the purpose of applying this article and Article 2 (§\n20-146.12 et seq.) of this chapter.\n\nC. A child custody determination made by a tribe under factual circumstances in\nsubstantial conformity with the jurisdictional standards of this act must be\nrecognized and enforced under Article 3 (§ 20-146.22 et seq.) of this\nchapter.\n\nHISTORY: 2001, c. 305.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}