{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/22.1-194.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/22.1-194.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/22.1-194.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/22.1-194.html"}],"law_id":54399,"edition_id":1,"section_id":54399,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-194","catch_line":"Liability of locality or school board owning or operating vehicle","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 22-290; 1976, c. 224; 1980, c. 559.","full_text":"In case the locality or the school board is the owner, or operator through medium of a driver, of, or otherwise is the insured under the policy upon, a vehicle involved in an accident, the locality or school board shall be subject to action up to, but not beyond, the limits of valid and collectible insurance in force to cover the injury complained of or, in cases set forth in subsection D of \u00a7 22.1-190, up to but not beyond the amounts of insurance required under subsection A of \u00a7 22.1-190 and the defense of governmental immunity shall not be a bar to action or recovery. In case of several claims for damages arising out of a single accident involving a vehicle, the claims of pupils and school personnel, excluding driver when not a pupil, shall be first satisfied. In no event, except where approved self-insurance has been provided pursuant to subsection D of \u00a7 22.1-190, shall school funds be used to pay any claim or judgment or any person for any injury arising out of the operation of any such vehicle. The locality or school board may be sued alone or jointly with the driver, provided that in no case shall any member of a school board be liable personally in the capacity of school board member solely.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":199698,"text":"In case the locality or the school board is the owner, or operator through medium of a driver, of, or otherwise is the insured under the policy upon, a vehicle involved in an accident, the locality or school board shall be subject to action up to, but not beyond, the limits of valid and collectible insurance in force to cover the injury complained of or, in cases set forth in subsection D of \u00a7 22.1-190, up to but not beyond the amounts of insurance required under subsection A of \u00a7 22.1-190 and the defense of governmental immunity shall not be a bar to action or recovery. In case of several claims for damages arising out of a single accident involving a vehicle, the claims of pupils and school personnel, excluding driver when not a pupil, shall be first satisfied. In no event, except where approved self-insurance has been provided pursuant to subsection D of \u00a7 22.1-190, shall school funds be used to pay any claim or judgment or any person for any injury arising out of the operation of any such vehicle. The locality or school board may be sued alone or jointly with the driver, provided that in no case shall any member of a school board be liable personally in the capacity of school board member solely.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13436,"edition_id":1,"name":"Insurance Provisions","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13435,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:53","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:53","permalink":{"id":181323,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13436,"identifier":"2","token":"22.1\/12\/2","url":"\/22.1\/12\/2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13435,"edition_id":1,"name":"Pupil Transportation","identifier":"12","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12823,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:53","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:53","permalink":{"id":181263,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13435,"identifier":"12","token":"22.1\/12","url":"\/22.1\/12\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12823,"edition_id":1,"name":"Education","identifier":"22.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","permalink":{"id":180949,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12823,"identifier":"22.1","token":"22.1","url":"\/22.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":72304,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-188","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/22.1-188\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-188","metadata":false},{"id":68613,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-189","catch_line":"Compliance with article prerequisite to receiving state school funds","url":"\/22.1-189\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-189","metadata":false},{"id":70458,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-190","catch_line":"When insurance required and amount thereof","url":"\/22.1-190\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-190","metadata":false},{"id":86541,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-191","catch_line":"When Superintendent of Public Instruction to obtain insurance","url":"\/22.1-191\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-191","metadata":false},{"id":79504,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-192","catch_line":"Injury and damage covered by policy","url":"\/22.1-192\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-192","metadata":false},{"id":69356,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-193","catch_line":"Sufficiency of proof in action on policy; guest doctrine not applicable","url":"\/22.1-193\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-193","metadata":false},{"id":54399,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-194","catch_line":"Liability of locality or school board owning or operating vehicle","url":"\/22.1-194\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-194","metadata":false},{"id":69510,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-195","catch_line":"Recovery where vehicle operated under contract","url":"\/22.1-195\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-195","metadata":false},{"id":81722,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-196","catch_line":"Lapsed insurance","url":"\/22.1-196\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-196","metadata":false},{"id":71372,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-197","catch_line":"Distribution of funds when Superintendent effects insurance","url":"\/22.1-197\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-197","metadata":false},{"id":63088,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-198","catch_line":"Applicability of article not dependent upon approval of vehicles or allocability of state aid","url":"\/22.1-198\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-198","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":69356,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-193","catch_line":"Sufficiency of proof in action on policy; guest doctrine not applicable","url":"\/22.1-193\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-193","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":69510,"structure_id":13436,"section_number":"22.1-195","catch_line":"Recovery where vehicle operated under contract","url":"\/22.1-195\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-195","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/22.1-194\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1976, chapter 224; in 1980, chapter 559.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":70458,"section_number":"22.1-190","catch_line":"When insurance required and amount thereof","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-190\/"}],"permalink":{"id":181349,"object_type":"law","relational_id":54399,"identifier":"22.1-194","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-194","url":"\/22.1-194\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/22.1-194\/","token":"22.1\/12\/2\/22.1-194","dublin_core":{"Title":"Liability of locality or school board owning or operating vehicle","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 22.1-194","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

In case the locality or the school board<\/span> is the owner, or operator through medium of a driver, of, or otherwise is the insured under the policy upon, a vehicle<\/span> involved in an accident, the locality or school board<\/span> shall be subject to action up to, but not beyond, the limits of valid and collectible insurance in force to cover the injury complained of or, in cases set forth in subsection D of \u00a7 22.1-190<\/a>, up to but not beyond the amounts of insurance required under subsection A of \u00a7 22.1-190<\/a> and the defense of governmental immunity shall not be a bar to action or recovery. In case of several claims for damages<\/span> arising out of a single accident involving a vehicle<\/span>, the claims of pupils and school personnel, excluding driver when not a pupil, shall be first satisfied. In no event, except where approved self-insurance has been provided pursuant to subsection D of \u00a7 22.1-190<\/a>, shall school funds be used to pay any claim or judgment<\/span> or any person for any injury arising out of the operation of any such vehicle<\/span>. The locality or school board<\/span> may be sued alone or jointly with the driver, provided that in no case shall any member of a school board<\/span> be liable personally in the capacity of school board<\/span> member solely.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nLIABILITY OF LOCALITY OR SCHOOL BOARD OWNING OR OPERATING VEHICLE (\u00a7 22.1-194)\n\nIn case the locality or the school board is the owner, or operator through\nmedium of a driver, of, or otherwise is the insured under the policy upon, a\nvehicle involved in an accident, the locality or school board shall be subject\nto action up to, but not beyond, the limits of valid and collectible insurance\nin force to cover the injury complained of or, in cases set forth in subsection\nD of \u00a7 22.1-190, up to but not beyond the amounts of insurance required under\nsubsection A of \u00a7 22.1-190 and the defense of governmental immunity shall not\nbe a bar to action or recovery. In case of several claims for damages arising\nout of a single accident involving a vehicle, the claims of pupils and school\npersonnel, excluding driver when not a pupil, shall be first satisfied. In no\nevent, except where approved self-insurance has been provided pursuant to\nsubsection D of \u00a7 22.1-190, shall school funds be used to pay any claim or\njudgment or any person for any injury arising out of the operation of any such\nvehicle. The locality or school board may be sued alone or jointly with the\ndriver, provided that in no case shall any member of a school board be liable\npersonally in the capacity of school board member solely.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 22-290; 1976, c. 224; 1980, c. 559.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}