{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/22.1-279.7.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/22.1-279.7.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/22.1-279.7.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/22.1-279.7.html"}],"law_id":81587,"edition_id":1,"section_id":81587,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.7","catch_line":"Guidelines for student searches","history":"1998, c. 655; 1999, c. 650; 2000, c. 648, \u00a7 22.1-277.01:2; 2001, cc. 688, 820; 2003, c. 899.","full_text":"The Board of Education shall develop, in consultation with the Office of the Attorney General, guidelines for school boards for the conduct of student searches, including random locker searches, voluntary and mandatory drug testing, and strip searches, consistent with relevant state and federal laws and constitutional principles.\n\t\tSchool boards shall adopt and revise, in accordance with the requirements of this section, regulations governing student searches that are consistent with the guidelines of the Board.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":292193,"text":"The Board of Education shall develop, in consultation with the Office of the Attorney General, guidelines for school boards for the conduct of student searches, including random locker searches, voluntary and mandatory drug testing, and strip searches, consistent with relevant state and federal laws and constitutional principles.\n\t\tSchool boards shall adopt and revise, in accordance with the requirements of this section, regulations governing student searches that are consistent with the guidelines of the Board.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13097,"edition_id":1,"name":"Discipline","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12850,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","permalink":{"id":182375,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13097,"identifier":"3","token":"22.1\/14\/3","url":"\/22.1\/14\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12850,"edition_id":1,"name":"Pupils","identifier":"14","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12823,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:56","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:56","permalink":{"id":182133,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12850,"identifier":"14","token":"22.1\/14","url":"\/22.1\/14\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12823,"edition_id":1,"name":"Education","identifier":"22.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","permalink":{"id":180949,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12823,"identifier":"22.1","token":"22.1","url":"\/22.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":84373,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-276","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-276\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-276","metadata":false},{"id":77797,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-276.01","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/22.1-276.01\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-276.01","metadata":false},{"id":59130,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-276.1","catch_line":"Expired","url":"\/22.1-276.1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-276.1","metadata":false},{"id":59973,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-276.2","catch_line":"Removal of students from classes","url":"\/22.1-276.2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-276.2","metadata":false},{"id":67307,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-276.3","catch_line":"Ineligibility of students to compete in athletic competitions","url":"\/22.1-276.3\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-276.3","metadata":false},{"id":87441,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277","catch_line":"Suspensions and expulsions of students generally","url":"\/22.1-277\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277","metadata":false},{"id":60099,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.01","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-277.01\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.01","metadata":false},{"id":56964,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.04","catch_line":"Short-term suspension; procedures; readmission","url":"\/22.1-277.04\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.04","metadata":false},{"id":74747,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.05","catch_line":"Long-term suspensions; procedures; readmission","url":"\/22.1-277.05\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.05","metadata":false},{"id":68982,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.06","catch_line":"Expulsions; procedures; readmission","url":"\/22.1-277.06\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.06","metadata":false},{"id":67657,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.07","catch_line":"Expulsion of students under certain circumstances; exceptions","url":"\/22.1-277.07\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.07","metadata":false},{"id":68041,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.07:1","catch_line":"Policies prohibiting possession of firearms","url":"\/22.1-277.07_1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.07_1","metadata":false},{"id":75022,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.08","catch_line":"Expulsion of students for certain drug offenses","url":"\/22.1-277.08\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.08","metadata":false},{"id":76217,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-277.1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.1","metadata":false},{"id":85416,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.2","catch_line":"Authority to exclude students under certain circumstances; petition for readmission; alternative education program","url":"\/22.1-277.2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.2","metadata":false},{"id":68197,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.2:1","catch_line":"Disciplinary authority of school boards under certain circumstances; alternative education program","url":"\/22.1-277.2_1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.2_1","metadata":false},{"id":83901,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.2:2","catch_line":"Alternative education program data","url":"\/22.1-277.2_2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.2_2","metadata":false},{"id":59633,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-278","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-278\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-278","metadata":false},{"id":74737,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-279\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279","metadata":false},{"id":79182,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.1","catch_line":"Corporal punishment prohibited","url":"\/22.1-279.1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.1","metadata":false},{"id":75691,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.10","catch_line":"School resource officers; data","url":"\/22.1-279.10\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.10","metadata":false},{"id":66124,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.1:1","catch_line":"The use of seclusion and restraint in public schools; Board of Education regulations","url":"\/22.1-279.1_1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.1_1","metadata":false},{"id":57019,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.2","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-279.2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.2","metadata":false},{"id":54140,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.3","catch_line":"Parental responsibility and involvement requirements","url":"\/22.1-279.3\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.3","metadata":false},{"id":64442,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.3:1","catch_line":"Reports of certain acts to school authorities; reports of certain acts by school authorities to parents; reports of certain acts by school authorities to law enforcement","url":"\/22.1-279.3_1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.3_1","metadata":false},{"id":55596,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.3:2","catch_line":"Public elementary and secondary school students; protective orders; notification","url":"\/22.1-279.3_2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.3_2","metadata":false},{"id":79774,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.3:3","catch_line":"Alternative school discipline process for certain incidents","url":"\/22.1-279.3_3\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.3_3","metadata":false},{"id":69487,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.4","catch_line":"Information regarding prosecution for certain crimes","url":"\/22.1-279.4\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.4","metadata":false},{"id":58983,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.5","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-279.5\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.5","metadata":false},{"id":74451,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.6","catch_line":"Board of Education guidelines and model policies for codes of student conduct; school board regulations","url":"\/22.1-279.6\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.6","metadata":false},{"id":81587,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.7","catch_line":"Guidelines for student searches","url":"\/22.1-279.7\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.7","metadata":false},{"id":80015,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.8","catch_line":"School safety audits and school crisis, emergency management, and medical emergency response plans required","url":"\/22.1-279.8\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.8","metadata":false},{"id":81689,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.9","catch_line":"Development of programs to prevent crime and violence; hazing prevention training program","url":"\/22.1-279.9\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.9","metadata":false},{"id":76810,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-280\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280","metadata":false},{"id":85922,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-280.1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.1","metadata":false},{"id":74356,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.2","catch_line":"School crime line defined; development of school crime lines authorized; local school boards' authority; Board to promulgate regulations","url":"\/22.1-280.2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2","metadata":false},{"id":65627,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.2:1","catch_line":"Employment of school security officers","url":"\/22.1-280.2_1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2_1","metadata":false},{"id":62442,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.2:2","catch_line":"Public School Security Equipment Grant Act of 2013","url":"\/22.1-280.2_2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2_2","metadata":false},{"id":78459,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.2:3","catch_line":"School boards; safety and security personnel","url":"\/22.1-280.2_3\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2_3","metadata":false},{"id":74189,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.2:4","catch_line":"School boards; firearms on school property","url":"\/22.1-280.2_4\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2_4","metadata":false},{"id":54225,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.3","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-280.3\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.3","metadata":false},{"id":54838,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.4","catch_line":"School board action regarding destruction of property","url":"\/22.1-280.4\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.4","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":74451,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.6","catch_line":"Board of Education guidelines and model policies for codes of student conduct; school board regulations","url":"\/22.1-279.6\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.6","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":80015,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.8","catch_line":"School safety audits and school crisis, emergency management, and medical emergency response plans required","url":"\/22.1-279.8\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.8","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/22.1-279.7\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1998. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?981+ful+CHAP0655\">655<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 4 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1999, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?991+ful+CHAP0650\">650<\/a>; in 2000, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?001+ful+CHAP0648\">648<\/a>; in 2001, chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?011+ful+CHAP0688\">688<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?011+ful+CHAP0820\">820<\/a>; in 2003, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?031+ful+CHAP0899\">899<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":182497,"object_type":"law","relational_id":81587,"identifier":"22.1-279.7","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.7","url":"\/22.1-279.7\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/22.1-279.7\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.7","dublin_core":{"Title":"Guidelines for student searches","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 22.1-279.7","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>The <span class=\"dictionary\">Board<\/span> of Education shall develop, in consultation with the Office of the <span class=\"dictionary\">Attorney General<\/span>, guidelines for <span class=\"dictionary\">school boards<\/span> for the conduct of student searches, including random locker searches, voluntary and mandatory drug testing, and strip searches, consistent with relevant state and federal <span class=\"dictionary\">laws<\/span> and constitutional principles.\n\t\t<span class=\"dictionary\">School boards<\/span> shall adopt and revise, in accordance with the requirements of this section, regulations governing student searches that are consistent with the guidelines of the <span class=\"dictionary\">Board<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nGUIDELINES FOR STUDENT SEARCHES (\u00a7 22.1-279.7)\n\nThe Board of Education shall develop, in consultation with the Office of the\nAttorney General, guidelines for school boards for the conduct of student\nsearches, including random locker searches, voluntary and mandatory drug\ntesting, and strip searches, consistent with relevant state and federal laws and\nconstitutional principles.\n\t\tSchool boards shall adopt and revise, in accordance with the requirements of\nthis section, regulations governing student searches that are consistent with\nthe guidelines of the Board.\n\nHISTORY: 1998, c. 655; 1999, c. 650; 2000, c. 648, \u00a7 22.1-277.01:2; 2001, cc.\n688, 820; 2003, c. 899.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}