{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/22.1-280.2_1.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/22.1-280.2_1.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/22.1-280.2_1.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/22.1-280.2_1.html"}],"law_id":65627,"edition_id":1,"section_id":65627,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.2:1","catch_line":"Employment of school security officers","history":"2002, cc. 836, 868; 2017, c. 311; 2019, cc. 120, 493.","full_text":"Local school boards and private or religious schools may employ school security officers, as defined in \u00a7 9.1-101, for the purposes set forth therein. Such school security officer may carry a firearm in the performance of his duties if (i) within 10 years immediately prior to being hired by the local school board or private or religious school he (a) was an active law-enforcement officer as defined in \u00a7 9.1-101 in the Commonwealth or (b) was employed by a law-enforcement agency of the United States or any state or political subdivision thereof and his duties were substantially similar to those of a law-enforcement officer as defined in \u00a7 9.1-101; (ii) he retired or resigned from his position as a law-enforcement officer in good standing; (iii) he meets the training and qualifications described in subsection C of \u00a7 18.2-308.016; (iv) he has provided proof of completion of a training course that includes training in active shooter emergency response, emergency evacuation procedure, and threat assessment to the Department of Criminal Justice Services pursuant to subdivision 42 of \u00a7 9.1-102, provided that if he received such training from a local law-enforcement agency he received the training in the locality in which he is employed; (v) the local school board or private or religious school solicits input from the chief law-enforcement officer of the locality regarding the qualifications of the school security officer and receives verification from such chief law-enforcement officer that the school security officer is not prohibited by state or federal law from possessing, purchasing, or transporting a firearm; and (vi) the local school board or private or religious school grants him the authority to carry a firearm in the performance of his duties.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":238539,"text":"Local school boards and private or religious schools may employ school security officers, as defined in \u00a7 9.1-101, for the purposes set forth therein. Such school security officer may carry a firearm in the performance of his duties if (i) within 10 years immediately prior to being hired by the local school board or private or religious school he (a) was an active law-enforcement officer as defined in \u00a7 9.1-101 in the Commonwealth or (b) was employed by a law-enforcement agency of the United States or any state or political subdivision thereof and his duties were substantially similar to those of a law-enforcement officer as defined in \u00a7 9.1-101; (ii) he retired or resigned from his position as a law-enforcement officer in good standing; (iii) he meets the training and qualifications described in subsection C of \u00a7 18.2-308.016; (iv) he has provided proof of completion of a training course that includes training in active shooter emergency response, emergency evacuation procedure, and threat assessment to the Department of Criminal Justice Services pursuant to subdivision 42 of \u00a7 9.1-102, provided that if he received such training from a local law-enforcement agency he received the training in the locality in which he is employed; (v) the local school board or private or religious school solicits input from the chief law-enforcement officer of the locality regarding the qualifications of the school security officer and receives verification from such chief law-enforcement officer that the school security officer is not prohibited by state or federal law from possessing, purchasing, or transporting a firearm; and (vi) the local school board or private or religious school grants him the authority to carry a firearm in the performance of his duties.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13097,"edition_id":1,"name":"Discipline","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12850,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","permalink":{"id":182375,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13097,"identifier":"3","token":"22.1\/14\/3","url":"\/22.1\/14\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12850,"edition_id":1,"name":"Pupils","identifier":"14","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12823,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:56","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:56","permalink":{"id":182133,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12850,"identifier":"14","token":"22.1\/14","url":"\/22.1\/14\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12823,"edition_id":1,"name":"Education","identifier":"22.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","permalink":{"id":180949,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12823,"identifier":"22.1","token":"22.1","url":"\/22.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":84373,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-276","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-276\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-276","metadata":false},{"id":77797,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-276.01","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/22.1-276.01\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-276.01","metadata":false},{"id":59130,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-276.1","catch_line":"Expired","url":"\/22.1-276.1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-276.1","metadata":false},{"id":59973,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-276.2","catch_line":"Removal of students from classes","url":"\/22.1-276.2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-276.2","metadata":false},{"id":67307,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-276.3","catch_line":"Ineligibility of students to compete in athletic competitions","url":"\/22.1-276.3\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-276.3","metadata":false},{"id":87441,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277","catch_line":"Suspensions and expulsions of students generally","url":"\/22.1-277\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277","metadata":false},{"id":60099,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.01","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-277.01\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.01","metadata":false},{"id":56964,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.04","catch_line":"Short-term suspension; procedures; readmission","url":"\/22.1-277.04\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.04","metadata":false},{"id":74747,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.05","catch_line":"Long-term suspensions; procedures; readmission","url":"\/22.1-277.05\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.05","metadata":false},{"id":68982,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.06","catch_line":"Expulsions; procedures; readmission","url":"\/22.1-277.06\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.06","metadata":false},{"id":67657,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.07","catch_line":"Expulsion of students under certain circumstances; exceptions","url":"\/22.1-277.07\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.07","metadata":false},{"id":68041,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.07:1","catch_line":"Policies prohibiting possession of firearms","url":"\/22.1-277.07_1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.07_1","metadata":false},{"id":75022,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.08","catch_line":"Expulsion of students for certain drug offenses","url":"\/22.1-277.08\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.08","metadata":false},{"id":76217,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-277.1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.1","metadata":false},{"id":85416,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.2","catch_line":"Authority to exclude students under certain circumstances; petition for readmission; alternative education program","url":"\/22.1-277.2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.2","metadata":false},{"id":68197,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.2:1","catch_line":"Disciplinary authority of school boards under certain circumstances; alternative education program","url":"\/22.1-277.2_1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.2_1","metadata":false},{"id":83901,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-277.2:2","catch_line":"Alternative education program data","url":"\/22.1-277.2_2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-277.2_2","metadata":false},{"id":59633,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-278","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-278\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-278","metadata":false},{"id":74737,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-279\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279","metadata":false},{"id":79182,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.1","catch_line":"Corporal punishment prohibited","url":"\/22.1-279.1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.1","metadata":false},{"id":75691,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.10","catch_line":"School resource officers; data","url":"\/22.1-279.10\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.10","metadata":false},{"id":66124,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.1:1","catch_line":"The use of seclusion and restraint in public schools; Board of Education regulations","url":"\/22.1-279.1_1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.1_1","metadata":false},{"id":57019,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.2","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-279.2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.2","metadata":false},{"id":54140,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.3","catch_line":"Parental responsibility and involvement requirements","url":"\/22.1-279.3\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.3","metadata":false},{"id":64442,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.3:1","catch_line":"Reports of certain acts to school authorities; reports of certain acts by school authorities to parents; reports of certain acts by school authorities to law enforcement","url":"\/22.1-279.3_1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.3_1","metadata":false},{"id":55596,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.3:2","catch_line":"Public elementary and secondary school students; protective orders; notification","url":"\/22.1-279.3_2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.3_2","metadata":false},{"id":79774,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.3:3","catch_line":"Alternative school discipline process for certain incidents","url":"\/22.1-279.3_3\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.3_3","metadata":false},{"id":69487,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.4","catch_line":"Information regarding prosecution for certain crimes","url":"\/22.1-279.4\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.4","metadata":false},{"id":58983,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.5","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-279.5\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.5","metadata":false},{"id":74451,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.6","catch_line":"Board of Education guidelines and model policies for codes of student conduct; school board regulations","url":"\/22.1-279.6\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.6","metadata":false},{"id":81587,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.7","catch_line":"Guidelines for student searches","url":"\/22.1-279.7\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.7","metadata":false},{"id":80015,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.8","catch_line":"School safety audits and school crisis, emergency management, and medical emergency response plans required","url":"\/22.1-279.8\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.8","metadata":false},{"id":81689,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-279.9","catch_line":"Development of programs to prevent crime and violence; hazing prevention training program","url":"\/22.1-279.9\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-279.9","metadata":false},{"id":76810,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-280\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280","metadata":false},{"id":85922,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-280.1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.1","metadata":false},{"id":74356,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.2","catch_line":"School crime line defined; development of school crime lines authorized; local school boards' authority; Board to promulgate regulations","url":"\/22.1-280.2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2","metadata":false},{"id":65627,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.2:1","catch_line":"Employment of school security officers","url":"\/22.1-280.2_1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2_1","metadata":false},{"id":62442,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.2:2","catch_line":"Public School Security Equipment Grant Act of 2013","url":"\/22.1-280.2_2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2_2","metadata":false},{"id":78459,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.2:3","catch_line":"School boards; safety and security personnel","url":"\/22.1-280.2_3\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2_3","metadata":false},{"id":74189,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.2:4","catch_line":"School boards; firearms on school property","url":"\/22.1-280.2_4\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2_4","metadata":false},{"id":54225,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.3","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-280.3\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.3","metadata":false},{"id":54838,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.4","catch_line":"School board action regarding destruction of property","url":"\/22.1-280.4\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.4","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":74356,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.2","catch_line":"School crime line defined; development of school crime lines authorized; local school boards' authority; Board to promulgate regulations","url":"\/22.1-280.2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":62442,"structure_id":13097,"section_number":"22.1-280.2:2","catch_line":"Public School Security Equipment Grant Act of 2013","url":"\/22.1-280.2_2\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2_2","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/22.1-280.2:1\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 2002. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?021+ful+CHAP0836\">836<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?021+ful+CHAP0868\">868<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2017, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?171+ful+CHAP0311\">311<\/a>; in 2019, chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?191+ful+CHAP0120\">120<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?191+ful+CHAP0493\">493<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":58832,"section_number":"18.2-308.1","catch_line":"Possession of firearm, stun weapon, or other weapon on school property prohibited; penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-308.1\/"},{"id":54198,"section_number":"9.1-102","catch_line":"Powers and duties of the Board and the Department","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-102\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":77788,"section_number":"18.2-308.016","catch_line":"Retired law-enforcement officers; carrying a concealed handgun","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-308.016\/"},{"id":73488,"section_number":"9.1-101","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2026) Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-101\/"},{"id":54198,"section_number":"9.1-102","catch_line":"Powers and duties of the Board and the Department","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-102\/"}],"permalink":{"id":182521,"object_type":"law","relational_id":65627,"identifier":"22.1-280.2:1","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2_1","url":"\/22.1-280.2_1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/22.1-280.2_1\/","token":"22.1\/14\/3\/22.1-280.2_1","dublin_core":{"Title":"Employment of school security officers","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 22.1-280.2:1","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Local <span class=\"dictionary\">school boards<\/span> and private or religious schools may employ school security officers, as defined in \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"(Effective July 1, 2026) Definitions\" href=\"\/9.1-101\/\">9.1-101<\/a>, for the purposes set forth therein. Such school security officer may carry a firearm in the performance of his duties if (i) within 10 years immediately prior to being hired by the local <span class=\"dictionary\">school board<\/span> or private or religious school he (a) was an active <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span>-enforcement officer as defined in \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"(Effective July 1, 2026) Definitions\" href=\"\/9.1-101\/\">9.1-101<\/a> in the Commonwealth or (b) was employed by a <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span>-enforcement agency of the United States or any state or political subdivision thereof and his duties were substantially similar to those of a <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span>-enforcement officer as defined in \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"(Effective July 1, 2026) Definitions\" href=\"\/9.1-101\/\">9.1-101<\/a>; (ii) he retired or resigned from his position as a <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span>-enforcement officer in good standing; (iii) he meets the training and qualifications described in subsection C of \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Retired law-enforcement officers; carrying a concealed handgun\" href=\"\/18.2-308.016\/\">18.2-308.016<\/a>; (iv) he has provided proof of completion of a training course that includes training in active shooter emergency response, emergency evacuation procedure, and threat assessment to the <span class=\"dictionary\">Department<\/span> of Criminal Justice Services pursuant to subdivision 42 of \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Powers and duties of the Board and the Department\" href=\"\/9.1-102\/\">9.1-102<\/a>, provided that if he received such training from a local <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span>-enforcement agency he received the training in the locality in which he is employed; (v) the local <span class=\"dictionary\">school board<\/span> or private or religious school solicits input from the chief <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span>-enforcement officer of the locality regarding the qualifications of the school security officer and receives verification from such chief <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span>-enforcement officer that the school security officer is not prohibited by state or federal <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span> from possessing, purchasing, or transporting a firearm; and (vi) the local <span class=\"dictionary\">school board<\/span> or private or religious school grants him the authority to carry a firearm in the performance of his duties.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nEMPLOYMENT OF SCHOOL SECURITY OFFICERS (\u00a7 22.1-280.2:1)\n\nLocal school boards and private or religious schools may employ school security\nofficers, as defined in \u00a7 9.1-101, for the purposes set forth therein. Such\nschool security officer may carry a firearm in the performance of his duties if\n(i) within 10 years immediately prior to being hired by the local school board\nor private or religious school he (a) was an active law-enforcement officer as\ndefined in \u00a7 9.1-101 in the Commonwealth or (b) was employed by a\nlaw-enforcement agency of the United States or any state or political\nsubdivision thereof and his duties were substantially similar to those of a\nlaw-enforcement officer as defined in \u00a7 9.1-101; (ii) he retired or resigned\nfrom his position as a law-enforcement officer in good standing; (iii) he meets\nthe training and qualifications described in subsection C of \u00a7 18.2-308.016;\n(iv) he has provided proof of completion of a training course that includes\ntraining in active shooter emergency response, emergency evacuation procedure,\nand threat assessment to the Department of Criminal Justice Services pursuant to\nsubdivision 42 of \u00a7 9.1-102, provided that if he received such training from a\nlocal law-enforcement agency he received the training in the locality in which\nhe is employed; (v) the local school board or private or religious school\nsolicits input from the chief law-enforcement officer of the locality regarding\nthe qualifications of the school security officer and receives verification from\nsuch chief law-enforcement officer that the school security officer is not\nprohibited by state or federal law from possessing, purchasing, or transporting\na firearm; and (vi) the local school board or private or religious school grants\nhim the authority to carry a firearm in the performance of his duties.\n\nHISTORY: 2002, cc. 836, 868; 2017, c. 311; 2019, cc. 120, 493.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}