{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/22.1-306.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/22.1-306.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/22.1-306.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/22.1-306.html"}],"law_id":74295,"edition_id":1,"section_id":74295,"structure_id":15538,"section_number":"22.1-306","catch_line":"Definitions","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 22-217.5:1; 1979, c. 298; 1980, c. 559; 1981, c. 646; 1992, c. 679; 2013, cc. 588, 650; 2020, cc. 1137, 1140; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, cc. 477, 478; 2022, c. 799.","full_text":"As used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning:\n\t\t“Business day” means any day that the relevant school board office is open.\n\t\t“Day” means calendar days unless a different meaning is clearly expressed in this article. Whenever the last day for performing an act required by this article falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, the act may be performed on the next day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday.\n\t\t“Dismissal” means the dismissal of any teacher during the term of such teacher’s contract.\n\t\t“Grievance” means a complaint or dispute by a teacher relating to his employment, including (i) disciplinary action including dismissal; (ii) the application or interpretation of (a) personnel policies, (b) procedures, (c) rules and regulations, (d) ordinances, and (e) statutes; (iii) acts of reprisal against a teacher for filing or processing a grievance, participating as a witness in any step, meeting, or hearing relating to a grievance, or serving as a member of a fact-finding panel; and (iv) complaints of discrimination on the basis of race, color, creed, religion, political affiliation, disability, age, national origin, sex, pregnancy, childbirth or related medical conditions, marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, or military status. Each school board shall have the exclusive right to manage the affairs and operations of the school division. Accordingly, the term “grievance” shall not include a complaint or dispute by a teacher relating to (a) establishment and revision of wages or salaries, position classifications, or general benefits; (b) suspension of a teacher or nonrenewal of the contract of a teacher who has not achieved continuing contract status; (c) the establishment or contents of ordinances, statutes, or personnel policies, procedures, rules, and regulations; (d) failure to promote; (e) discharge, layoff, or suspension from duties because of decrease in enrollment, decrease in enrollment or abolition of a particular subject, or insufficient funding; (f) hiring, transfer, assignment, and retention of teachers within the school division; (g) suspension from duties in emergencies; (h) the methods, means, and personnel by which the school division’s operations are to be carried on; or (i) coaching or extracurricular activity sponsorship.\n\t\tWhile these management rights are reserved to the school board, failure to apply, where applicable, the rules, regulations, policies, or procedures as written or established by the school board is grievable.\n\t\t“Military status” means status as (i) a member of the uniformed forces, as defined in 10 U.S.C. \u00a7 101(a)(5), of the United States or a reserve component thereof named under 10 U.S.C. \u00a7 10101, (ii) a veteran as defined in 38 U.S.C. \u00a7 101(2), or (iii) a dependent as defined in 50 U.S.C. \u00a7 3911(4) except that the support provided by the service member to the individual shall have been provided 180 days immediately preceding an alleged action that if proven true would constitute unlawful discrimination under this section instead of 180 days immediately preceding an application for relief under 50 U.S.C. Chapter 50.\n\t\t“Religion” includes any outward expression of religious faith, including adherence to religious dressing and grooming practices and the carrying or display of religious items or symbols.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":267107,"text":"As used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning:\n\t\t“Business day” means any day that the relevant school board office is open.\n\t\t“Day” means calendar days unless a different meaning is clearly expressed in this article. Whenever the last day for performing an act required by this article falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, the act may be performed on the next day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday.\n\t\t“Dismissal” means the dismissal of any teacher during the term of such teacher’s contract.\n\t\t“Grievance” means a complaint or dispute by a teacher relating to his employment, including (i) disciplinary action including dismissal; (ii) the application or interpretation of (a) personnel policies, (b) procedures, (c) rules and regulations, (d) ordinances, and (e) statutes; (iii) acts of reprisal against a teacher for filing or processing a grievance, participating as a witness in any step, meeting, or hearing relating to a grievance, or serving as a member of a fact-finding panel; and (iv) complaints of discrimination on the basis of race, color, creed, religion, political affiliation, disability, age, national origin, sex, pregnancy, childbirth or related medical conditions, marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, or military status. Each school board shall have the exclusive right to manage the affairs and operations of the school division. Accordingly, the term “grievance” shall not include a complaint or dispute by a teacher relating to (a) establishment and revision of wages or salaries, position classifications, or general benefits; (b) suspension of a teacher or nonrenewal of the contract of a teacher who has not achieved continuing contract status; (c) the establishment or contents of ordinances, statutes, or personnel policies, procedures, rules, and regulations; (d) failure to promote; (e) discharge, layoff, or suspension from duties because of decrease in enrollment, decrease in enrollment or abolition of a particular subject, or insufficient funding; (f) hiring, transfer, assignment, and retention of teachers within the school division; (g) suspension from duties in emergencies; (h) the methods, means, and personnel by which the school division’s operations are to be carried on; or (i) coaching or extracurricular activity sponsorship.\n\t\tWhile these management rights are reserved to the school board, failure to apply, where applicable, the rules, regulations, policies, or procedures as written or established by the school board is grievable.\n\t\t“Military status” means status as (i) a member of the uniformed forces, as defined in 10 U.S.C. \u00a7 101(a)(5), of the United States or a reserve component thereof named under 10 U.S.C. \u00a7 10101, (ii) a veteran as defined in 38 U.S.C. \u00a7 101(2), or (iii) a dependent as defined in 50 U.S.C. \u00a7 3911(4) except that the support provided by the service member to the individual shall have been provided 180 days immediately preceding an alleged action that if proven true would constitute unlawful discrimination under this section instead of 180 days immediately preceding an application for relief under 50 U.S.C. Chapter 50.\n\t\t“Religion” includes any outward expression of religious faith, including adherence to religious dressing and grooming practices and the carrying or display of religious items or symbols.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":15538,"edition_id":1,"name":"Grievances; Dismissal, Etc., of Teachers","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12824,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:56:08","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:56:08","permalink":{"id":183119,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15538,"identifier":"3","token":"22.1\/15\/3","url":"\/22.1\/15\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12824,"edition_id":1,"name":"Teachers, Officers and Employees","identifier":"15","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12823,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","permalink":{"id":182871,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12824,"identifier":"15","token":"22.1\/15","url":"\/22.1\/15\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12823,"edition_id":1,"name":"Education","identifier":"22.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","permalink":{"id":180949,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12823,"identifier":"22.1","token":"22.1","url":"\/22.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":74295,"structure_id":15538,"section_number":"22.1-306","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/22.1-306\/","token":"22.1\/15\/3\/22.1-306","metadata":false},{"id":72528,"structure_id":15538,"section_number":"22.1-307","catch_line":"Dismissal of teacher; grounds","url":"\/22.1-307\/","token":"22.1\/15\/3\/22.1-307","metadata":false},{"id":61195,"structure_id":15538,"section_number":"22.1-308","catch_line":"Grievance procedure","url":"\/22.1-308\/","token":"22.1\/15\/3\/22.1-308","metadata":false},{"id":75012,"structure_id":15538,"section_number":"22.1-309","catch_line":"Notice to teacher of recommendation of dismissal; school board not to consider merits during notice; superintendent required to provide reasons for recommendation upon request","url":"\/22.1-309\/","token":"22.1\/15\/3\/22.1-309","metadata":false},{"id":59269,"structure_id":15538,"section_number":"22.1-310","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-310\/","token":"22.1\/15\/3\/22.1-310","metadata":false},{"id":71751,"structure_id":15538,"section_number":"22.1-311","catch_line":"Hearing before school board, hearing officer, or fact-finding panel","url":"\/22.1-311\/","token":"22.1\/15\/3\/22.1-311","metadata":false},{"id":68934,"structure_id":15538,"section_number":"22.1-312","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/22.1-312\/","token":"22.1\/15\/3\/22.1-312","metadata":false},{"id":78390,"structure_id":15538,"section_number":"22.1-313","catch_line":"Decision of school board; generally","url":"\/22.1-313\/","token":"22.1\/15\/3\/22.1-313","metadata":false},{"id":64437,"structure_id":15538,"section_number":"22.1-314","catch_line":"Decision of school board; issue of grievability; appeal","url":"\/22.1-314\/","token":"22.1\/15\/3\/22.1-314","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":72528,"structure_id":15538,"section_number":"22.1-307","catch_line":"Dismissal of teacher; grounds","url":"\/22.1-307\/","token":"22.1\/15\/3\/22.1-307","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/22.1-306\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 7 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1979, chapter 298; in 1980, chapter 559; in 1981, chapter 646; in 1992, chapter 679; in 2013, chapters 588<\/a> and 650<\/a>; in 2020, chapters 1137<\/a> and 1140<\/a>; in 2022, chapter 799<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":59824,"section_number":"22.1-253.13:7","catch_line":"Standard 7. School board policies","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-253.13_7\/"},{"id":55436,"section_number":"22.1-295.1","catch_line":"Employee personnel files; maintenance of employee records; confidentiality of certain records","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-295.1\/"},{"id":58613,"section_number":"22.1-315","catch_line":"Grounds and procedure for suspension","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-315\/"},{"id":54343,"section_number":"22.1-79","catch_line":"Powers and duties","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-79\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":183121,"object_type":"law","relational_id":74295,"identifier":"22.1-306","token":"22.1\/15\/3\/22.1-306","url":"\/22.1-306\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/22.1-306\/","token":"22.1\/15\/3\/22.1-306","dublin_core":{"Title":"Definitions","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 22.1-306","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

As used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning:\n\t\t“Business day<\/span>” means any day that the relevant school board<\/span> office is open.\n\t\t“Day” means calendar days<\/span> unless a different meaning is clearly expressed in this article. Whenever the last day for performing an act required by this article falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, the act may be performed on the next day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday.\n\t\t“Dismissal<\/span>” means the dismissal<\/span> of any teacher during the term of such teacher’s contract<\/span>.\n\t\t“Grievance<\/span>” means a complaint or dispute by a teacher relating to his employment, including (i) disciplinary action including dismissal<\/span>; (ii) the application or interpretation of (a) personnel policies, (b) procedures, (c) rules and regulations, (d) ordinances<\/span>, and (e) statutes<\/span>; (iii) acts of reprisal against a teacher for filing or processing a grievance<\/span>, participating as a witness<\/span> in any step, meeting, or hearing<\/span> relating to a grievance<\/span>, or serving as a member of a fact<\/span>-finding<\/span> panel<\/span>; and (iv) complaints of discrimination on the basis of race, color, creed, religion<\/span>, political affiliation, disability, age, national origin, sex, pregnancy, childbirth or related medical conditions, marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, or military status<\/span>. Each school board<\/span> shall have the exclusive right to manage the affairs and operations of the school division. Accordingly, the term “grievance<\/span>” shall not include a complaint or dispute by a teacher relating to (a) establishment and revision of wages or salaries, position classifications, or general benefits; (b) suspension of a teacher or nonrenewal of the contract<\/span> of a teacher who has not achieved continuing contract<\/span> status; (c) the establishment or contents of ordinances<\/span>, statutes<\/span>, or personnel policies, procedures, rules, and regulations; (d) failure to promote; (e) discharge, layoff, or suspension from duties because of decrease in enrollment, decrease in enrollment or abolition of a particular subject, or insufficient funding; (f) hiring, transfer, assignment, and retention of teachers within the school division; (g) suspension from duties in emergencies; (h) the methods, means, and personnel by which the school division’s operations are to be carried on; or (i) coaching or extracurricular activity sponsorship.\n\t\tWhile these management rights are reserved to the school board<\/span>, failure to apply, where applicable, the rules, regulations, policies, or procedures as written or established by the school board<\/span> is grievable.\n\t\t“Military status<\/span>” means status as (i) a member of the uniformed forces, as defined in 10 U.S.C. \u00a7 101(a)(5), of the United States or a reserve component thereof named under 10 U.S.C. \u00a7 10101, (ii) a veteran as defined in 38 U.S.C. \u00a7 101(2), or (iii) a dependent as defined in 50 U.S.C. \u00a7 3911(4) except that the support provided by the service member to the individual shall have been provided 180 days<\/span> immediately preceding an alleged action that if proven true would constitute unlawful discrimination under this section instead of 180 days<\/span> immediately preceding an application for relief under 50 U.S.C. Chapter 50.\n\t\t“Religion<\/span>” includes any outward expression of religious faith, including adherence to religious dressing and grooming practices and the carrying or display of religious items or symbols.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nDEFINITIONS (\u00a7 22.1-306)\n\nAs used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning:\n\t\t“Business day” means any day that the relevant school board office\nis open.\n\t\t“Day” means calendar days unless a different meaning is clearly\nexpressed in this article. Whenever the last day for performing an act required\nby this article falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, the act may be\nperformed on the next day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday.\n\t\t“Dismissal” means the dismissal of any teacher during the term of\nsuch teacher’s contract.\n\t\t“Grievance” means a complaint or dispute by a teacher relating to\nhis employment, including (i) disciplinary action including dismissal; (ii) the\napplication or interpretation of (a) personnel policies, (b) procedures, (c)\nrules and regulations, (d) ordinances, and (e) statutes; (iii) acts of reprisal\nagainst a teacher for filing or processing a grievance, participating as a\nwitness in any step, meeting, or hearing relating to a grievance, or serving as\na member of a fact-finding panel; and (iv) complaints of discrimination on the\nbasis of race, color, creed, religion, political affiliation, disability, age,\nnational origin, sex, pregnancy, childbirth or related medical conditions,\nmarital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, or military status. Each\nschool board shall have the exclusive right to manage the affairs and operations\nof the school division. Accordingly, the term “grievance” shall not\ninclude a complaint or dispute by a teacher relating to (a) establishment and\nrevision of wages or salaries, position classifications, or general benefits;\n(b) suspension of a teacher or nonrenewal of the contract of a teacher who has\nnot achieved continuing contract status; (c) the establishment or contents of\nordinances, statutes, or personnel policies, procedures, rules, and regulations;\n(d) failure to promote; (e) discharge, layoff, or suspension from duties because\nof decrease in enrollment, decrease in enrollment or abolition of a particular\nsubject, or insufficient funding; (f) hiring, transfer, assignment, and\nretention of teachers within the school division; (g) suspension from duties in\nemergencies; (h) the methods, means, and personnel by which the school\ndivision’s operations are to be carried on; or (i) coaching or\nextracurricular activity sponsorship.\n\t\tWhile these management rights are reserved to the school board, failure to\napply, where applicable, the rules, regulations, policies, or procedures as\nwritten or established by the school board is grievable.\n\t\t“Military status” means status as (i) a member of the uniformed\nforces, as defined in 10 U.S.C. \u00a7 101(a)(5), of the United States or a reserve\ncomponent thereof named under 10 U.S.C. \u00a7 10101, (ii) a veteran as defined in\n38 U.S.C. \u00a7 101(2), or (iii) a dependent as defined in 50 U.S.C. \u00a7 3911(4)\nexcept that the support provided by the service member to the individual shall\nhave been provided 180 days immediately preceding an alleged action that if\nproven true would constitute unlawful discrimination under this section instead\nof 180 days immediately preceding an application for relief under 50 U.S.C.\nChapter 50.\n\t\t“Religion” includes any outward expression of religious faith,\nincluding adherence to religious dressing and grooming practices and the\ncarrying or display of religious items or symbols.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 22-217.5:1; 1979, c. 298; 1980, c. 559; 1981, c. 646;\n1992, c. 679; 2013, cc. 588, 650; 2020, cc. 1137, 1140; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, cc.\n477, 478; 2022, c. 799.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}