{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/23.1-402.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/23.1-402.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/23.1-402.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/23.1-402.html"}],"law_id":69219,"edition_id":1,"section_id":69219,"structure_id":13517,"section_number":"23.1-402","catch_line":"Collection and dissemination of information concerning religious preferences and affiliations","history":"1977, c. 506, \u00a7 23-2.1; 2016, c. 588; 2019, c. 774.","full_text":"A\n\nNotwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, any public institution of higher education may collect and disseminate information concerning the religious preferences and affiliations of its students, provided that no such institution shall (i) require any student to indicate his religious preference or affiliation or (ii) disseminate such information without the student’s consent.B\n\nNo consent given pursuant to this section shall be construed to allow any public institution of higher education to disseminate to federal government authorities information concerning the religious preferences and affiliations of its students for the purpose of compiling a list, registry, or database of individuals based on religious affiliation, national origin, or ethnicity, unless such dissemination is specifically required by state or federal law.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":250446,"text":"Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, any public institution of higher education may collect and disseminate information concerning the religious preferences and affiliations of its students, provided that no such institution shall (i) require any student to indicate his religious preference or affiliation or (ii) disseminate such information without the student’s consent.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":250447,"text":"No consent given pursuant to this section shall be construed to allow any public institution of higher education to disseminate to federal government authorities information concerning the religious preferences and affiliations of its students for the purpose of compiling a list, registry, or database of individuals based on religious affiliation, national origin, or ethnicity, unless such dissemination is specifically required by state or federal law.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13517,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"4","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13112,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:07","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:07","permalink":{"id":184849,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13517,"identifier":"4","token":"23.1\/II\/4","url":"\/23.1\/II\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13112,"edition_id":1,"name":"Students and Campus","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13111,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:18","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:18","permalink":{"id":184847,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13112,"identifier":"II","token":"23.1\/II","url":"\/23.1\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13111,"edition_id":1,"name":"Institutions of Higher Education; 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This law was first created in 1977. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 506 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1977 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2016, chapter 588<\/a>; in 2019, chapter 774<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":56640,"section_number":"23.1-1006","catch_line":"Management agreement; contents and scope","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-1006\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":184871,"object_type":"law","relational_id":69219,"identifier":"23.1-402","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-402","url":"\/23.1-402\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/23.1-402\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-402","dublin_core":{"Title":"Collection and dissemination of information concerning religious preferences and affiliations","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 23.1-402","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Notwithstanding any provision of law<\/span> to the contrary, any public institution of higher education<\/span> may collect and disseminate information concerning the religious preferences and affiliations of its students, provided that no such institution shall (i) require any student to indicate his religious preference or affiliation or (ii) disseminate such information without the student’s consent. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> No consent given pursuant to this section shall be construed to allow any public institution of higher education<\/span> to disseminate to federal government authorities information concerning the religious preferences and affiliations of its students for the purpose of compiling a list, registry, or database of individuals based on religious affiliation, national origin, or ethnicity, unless such dissemination is specifically required by state or federal law<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nCOLLECTION AND DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION CONCERNING RELIGIOUS PREFERENCES AND\nAFFILIATIONS (\u00a7 23.1-402)\n\nA. Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, any public institution\nof higher education may collect and disseminate information concerning the\nreligious preferences and affiliations of its students, provided that no such\ninstitution shall (i) require any student to indicate his religious preference\nor affiliation or (ii) disseminate such information without the student’s\nconsent.\n\nB. No consent given pursuant to this section shall be construed to allow any\npublic institution of higher education to disseminate to federal government\nauthorities information concerning the religious preferences and affiliations of\nits students for the purpose of compiling a list, registry, or database of\nindividuals based on religious affiliation, national origin, or ethnicity,\nunless such dissemination is specifically required by state or federal law.\n\nHISTORY: 1977, c. 506, \u00a7 23-2.1; 2016, c. 588; 2019, c. 774.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}