{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/23.1-818.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/23.1-818.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/23.1-818.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/23.1-818.html"}],"law_id":66978,"edition_id":1,"section_id":66978,"structure_id":15765,"section_number":"23.1-818","catch_line":"Security departments and other security services","history":"1977, c. 79, \u00a7 23-238; 2016, c. 588; 2023, c. 428; 2024, cc. 9, 202.","full_text":"Nothing in this article shall abridge the authority of the governing board of a public institution of higher education or private institution of higher education to establish security departments, whose officers and employees shall not have the powers and duties set forth in \u00a7 23.1-815, in place of or in addition to campus police departments, rely upon local or state police forces, or contract for security services from private parties. Nothing in this article shall abridge the authority of the Board of Visitors of the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind to establish and maintain a campus security department and to employ campus security personnel therein in accordance with the provisions of subsection F of \u00a7 22.1-346.2. Nothing in this article shall abridge the authority of the governing board of any educational institution established pursuant to Chapter 31 (\u00a7 23.1-3100 et seq.) to establish and maintain a campus security department and to employ campus security personnel therein.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":242792,"text":"Nothing in this article shall abridge the authority of the governing board of a public institution of higher education or private institution of higher education to establish security departments, whose officers and employees shall not have the powers and duties set forth in \u00a7 23.1-815, in place of or in addition to campus police departments, rely upon local or state police forces, or contract for security services from private parties. Nothing in this article shall abridge the authority of the Board of Visitors of the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind to establish and maintain a campus security department and to employ campus security personnel therein in accordance with the provisions of subsection F of \u00a7 22.1-346.2. Nothing in this article shall abridge the authority of the governing board of any educational institution established pursuant to Chapter 31 (\u00a7 23.1-3100 et seq.) to establish and maintain a campus security department and to employ campus security personnel therein.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":15765,"edition_id":1,"name":"Campus Safety; Campus Police Departments","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":15081,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:59:13","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:59:13","permalink":{"id":185359,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15765,"identifier":"3","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3","url":"\/23.1\/II\/8\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":15081,"edition_id":1,"name":"Health and Campus Safety","identifier":"8","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13112,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:52:03","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:52:03","permalink":{"id":185297,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15081,"identifier":"8","token":"23.1\/II\/8","url":"\/23.1\/II\/8\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13112,"edition_id":1,"name":"Students and Campus","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13111,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:18","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:18","permalink":{"id":184847,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13112,"identifier":"II","token":"23.1\/II","url":"\/23.1\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13111,"edition_id":1,"name":"Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions","identifier":"23.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:18","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:18","permalink":{"id":184581,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13111,"identifier":"23.1","token":"23.1","url":"\/23.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":60667,"structure_id":15765,"section_number":"23.1-809","catch_line":"Public institutions of higher education; establishment of campus police departments authorized; employment of officers","url":"\/23.1-809\/","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-809","metadata":false},{"id":78479,"structure_id":15765,"section_number":"23.1-810","catch_line":"Authorization for campus police departments in private institutions of higher education","url":"\/23.1-810\/","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-810","metadata":false},{"id":62380,"structure_id":15765,"section_number":"23.1-811","catch_line":"Establishment of auxiliary police forces","url":"\/23.1-811\/","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-811","metadata":false},{"id":74144,"structure_id":15765,"section_number":"23.1-812","catch_line":"Appointment of campus police officers and members of an auxiliary police force","url":"\/23.1-812\/","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-812","metadata":false},{"id":69894,"structure_id":15765,"section_number":"23.1-813","catch_line":"Officers and members to comply with requirements of Department of Criminal Justice Services","url":"\/23.1-813\/","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-813","metadata":false},{"id":85021,"structure_id":15765,"section_number":"23.1-814","catch_line":"Termination of employment of campus police officers and members of auxiliary police forces","url":"\/23.1-814\/","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-814","metadata":false},{"id":80452,"structure_id":15765,"section_number":"23.1-815","catch_line":"Campus police forces and auxiliary police forces; powers and duties; jurisdiction","url":"\/23.1-815\/","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-815","metadata":false},{"id":71082,"structure_id":15765,"section_number":"23.1-815.1","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2026) Facial recognition technology; approval","url":"\/23.1-815.1\/","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-815.1","metadata":false},{"id":77447,"structure_id":15765,"section_number":"23.1-816","catch_line":"Extending police power of public institutions of higher education beyond boundaries; jurisdiction of general district courts; duty of attorneys for the Commonwealth","url":"\/23.1-816\/","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-816","metadata":false},{"id":72320,"structure_id":15765,"section_number":"23.1-817","catch_line":"Inspection of criminal incident information","url":"\/23.1-817\/","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-817","metadata":false},{"id":66978,"structure_id":15765,"section_number":"23.1-818","catch_line":"Security departments and other security services","url":"\/23.1-818\/","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-818","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":72320,"structure_id":15765,"section_number":"23.1-817","catch_line":"Inspection of criminal incident information","url":"\/23.1-817\/","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-817","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/23.1-818\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1977. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 79 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1977 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2016, chapter 588<\/a>; in 2023, chapter 428<\/a>; in 2024, chapters 9<\/a> and 202<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":80561,"section_number":"23.1-802.1","catch_line":"Student identification cards; 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline; emergency services website page and telephone numbers","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-802.1\/"},{"id":80452,"section_number":"23.1-815","catch_line":"Campus police forces and auxiliary police forces; powers and duties; jurisdiction","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-815\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":84394,"section_number":"22.1-346.2","catch_line":"Board of Visitors of the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind established","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-346.2\/"},{"id":68653,"section_number":"23.1-3100","catch_line":"Governing boards of educational institutions; removal of members","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-3100\/"},{"id":80452,"section_number":"23.1-815","catch_line":"Campus police forces and auxiliary police forces; powers and duties; jurisdiction","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-815\/"}],"permalink":{"id":185401,"object_type":"law","relational_id":66978,"identifier":"23.1-818","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-818","url":"\/23.1-818\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/23.1-818\/","token":"23.1\/II\/8\/3\/23.1-818","dublin_core":{"Title":"Security departments and other security services","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 23.1-818","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

Nothing in this article shall abridge the authority of the governing board<\/span> of a public institution of higher education<\/span> or private institution of higher education<\/span> to establish security departments, whose officers and employees shall not have the powers and duties set forth in \u00a7 23.1-815<\/a>, in place of or in addition to campus police departments, rely upon local or state police forces, or contract<\/span> for security services from private parties. Nothing in this article shall abridge the authority of the Board of Visitors of the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind to establish and maintain a campus security department and to employ campus security personnel therein in accordance with the provisions of subsection F of \u00a7 22.1-346.2<\/a>. Nothing in this article shall abridge the authority of the governing board<\/span> of any educational institution established pursuant to Chapter 31 (\u00a7 23.1-3100<\/a> et seq.) to establish and maintain a campus security department and to employ campus security personnel therein.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nSECURITY DEPARTMENTS AND OTHER SECURITY SERVICES (\u00a7 23.1-818)\n\nNothing in this article shall abridge the authority of the governing board of a\npublic institution of higher education or private institution of higher\neducation to establish security departments, whose officers and employees shall\nnot have the powers and duties set forth in \u00a7 23.1-815, in place of or in\naddition to campus police departments, rely upon local or state police forces,\nor contract for security services from private parties. Nothing in this article\nshall abridge the authority of the Board of Visitors of the Virginia School for\nthe Deaf and the Blind to establish and maintain a campus security department\nand to employ campus security personnel therein in accordance with the\nprovisions of subsection F of \u00a7 22.1-346.2. Nothing in this article shall\nabridge the authority of the governing board of any educational institution\nestablished pursuant to Chapter 31 (\u00a7 23.1-3100 et seq.) to establish and\nmaintain a campus security department and to employ campus security personnel\ntherein.\n\nHISTORY: 1977, c. 79, \u00a7 23-238; 2016, c. 588; 2023, c. 428; 2024, cc. 9, 202.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}