{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/28.2-551.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/28.2-551.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/28.2-551.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/28.2-551.html"}],"law_id":58956,"edition_id":1,"section_id":58956,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-551","catch_line":"Surveys and reports as conclusive evidence","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 28-117; 1962, c. 406, \u00a7 28.1-100; 1964, c. 624; 1992, c. 836.","full_text":"The surveys of the natural oyster beds, rocks, and shoals of the Commonwealth, made pursuant to Chapter 511 of the 1892 Acts of Assembly, shall continue to be the surveys defining and determining the natural oyster beds, rocks, and shoals of the Commonwealth. The surveys and reports filed in accordance with this Act of Assembly are conclusive evidence of the boundaries and limits of all the natural oyster beds, rocks, and shoals and that there are no other public oyster beds, rocks, or shoals. The surveys of the public oyster beds, rocks, or shoals of the Commonwealth referred to in this section shall not extend inshore of the mean low-water mark of such body of water, notwithstanding any surveys, plats, markers, or lines to the contrary.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":216208,"text":"The surveys of the natural oyster beds, rocks, and shoals of the Commonwealth, made pursuant to Chapter 511 of the 1892 Acts of Assembly, shall continue to be the surveys defining and determining the natural oyster beds, rocks, and shoals of the Commonwealth. The surveys and reports filed in accordance with this Act of Assembly are conclusive evidence of the boundaries and limits of all the natural oyster beds, rocks, and shoals and that there are no other public oyster beds, rocks, or shoals. The surveys of the public oyster beds, rocks, or shoals of the Commonwealth referred to in this section shall not extend inshore of the mean low-water mark of such body of water, notwithstanding any surveys, plats, markers, or lines to the contrary.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":14511,"edition_id":1,"name":"Surveys and Resurveys","identifier":"4","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13617,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:48:27","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:48:27","permalink":{"id":191419,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14511,"identifier":"4","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4","url":"\/28.2\/II\/5\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13617,"edition_id":1,"name":"Oysters and Clams","identifier":"5","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12814,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:23","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:23","permalink":{"id":191215,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13617,"identifier":"5","token":"28.2\/II\/5","url":"\/28.2\/II\/5\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12814,"edition_id":1,"name":"Tidal Fisheries","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12813,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","permalink":{"id":190673,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12814,"identifier":"II","token":"28.2\/II","url":"\/28.2\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12813,"edition_id":1,"name":"Fisheries and Habitat of the Tidal Waters","identifier":"28.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","permalink":{"id":190589,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12813,"identifier":"28.2","token":"28.2","url":"\/28.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":58956,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-551","catch_line":"Surveys and reports as conclusive evidence","url":"\/28.2-551\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-551","metadata":false},{"id":60429,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-551.1","catch_line":"Continuing or reestablishing historic Baylor Survey lines","url":"\/28.2-551.1\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-551.1","metadata":false},{"id":76771,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-552","catch_line":"Resurvey on motion of Commission or on application of citizens","url":"\/28.2-552\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-552","metadata":false},{"id":86985,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-553","catch_line":"Reestablishment of lines of Baylor survey; procedure; evidence of reestablished lines","url":"\/28.2-553\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-553","metadata":false},{"id":85264,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-554","catch_line":"Sale of Baylor survey charts and plats","url":"\/28.2-554\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-554","metadata":false},{"id":78827,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-555","catch_line":"Crossings of Baylor survey","url":"\/28.2-555\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-555","metadata":false},{"id":68673,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-556","catch_line":"Erosion control devices within the Baylor survey","url":"\/28.2-556\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-556","metadata":false},{"id":66662,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-557","catch_line":"Unlawful to threaten or hinder surveyor; rights of surveyor; penalty","url":"\/28.2-557\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-557","metadata":false},{"id":55934,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-558","catch_line":"Placing permanent markers","url":"\/28.2-558\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-558","metadata":false},{"id":58595,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-559","catch_line":"Removal of oysters planted by mistake","url":"\/28.2-559\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-559","metadata":false},{"id":73981,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-560","catch_line":"Larceny of oysters and shells; penalty","url":"\/28.2-560\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-560","metadata":false},{"id":74152,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-561","catch_line":"Removal of markers of planting grounds; penalty","url":"\/28.2-561\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-561","metadata":false},{"id":77160,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-562","catch_line":"Maps to be filed; evidential value","url":"\/28.2-562\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-562","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":60429,"structure_id":14511,"section_number":"28.2-551.1","catch_line":"Continuing or reestablishing historic Baylor Survey lines","url":"\/28.2-551.1\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-551.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/28.2-551\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1962, chapter 406; in 1964, chapter 624; in 1992, chapter 836.<\/p>","references":[{"id":60429,"section_number":"28.2-551.1","catch_line":"Continuing or reestablishing historic Baylor Survey lines","order_by":null,"url":"\/28.2-551.1\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":191421,"object_type":"law","relational_id":58956,"identifier":"28.2-551","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-551","url":"\/28.2-551\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/28.2-551\/","token":"28.2\/II\/5\/4\/28.2-551","dublin_core":{"Title":"Surveys and reports as conclusive evidence","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 28.2-551","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>The surveys of the natural oyster beds, rocks, and <span class=\"dictionary\">shoals<\/span> of the Commonwealth, made pursuant to Chapter 511 of the 1892 Acts of Assembly, shall continue to be the surveys defining and determining the natural oyster beds, rocks, and <span class=\"dictionary\">shoals<\/span> of the Commonwealth. The surveys and reports filed in accordance with this Act of Assembly are conclusive <span class=\"dictionary\">evidence<\/span> of the boundaries and limits of all the natural oyster beds, rocks, and <span class=\"dictionary\">shoals<\/span> and that there are no other public oyster beds, rocks, or <span class=\"dictionary\">shoals<\/span>. The surveys of the public oyster beds, rocks, or <span class=\"dictionary\">shoals<\/span> of the Commonwealth referred to in this section shall not extend inshore of the mean low-water mark of such body of water, notwithstanding any surveys, plats, markers, or lines to the contrary.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nSURVEYS AND REPORTS AS CONCLUSIVE EVIDENCE (\u00a7 28.2-551)\n\nThe surveys of the natural oyster beds, rocks, and shoals of the Commonwealth,\nmade pursuant to Chapter 511 of the 1892 Acts of Assembly, shall continue to be\nthe surveys defining and determining the natural oyster beds, rocks, and shoals\nof the Commonwealth. The surveys and reports filed in accordance with this Act\nof Assembly are conclusive evidence of the boundaries and limits of all the\nnatural oyster beds, rocks, and shoals and that there are no other public oyster\nbeds, rocks, or shoals. The surveys of the public oyster beds, rocks, or shoals\nof the Commonwealth referred to in this section shall not extend inshore of the\nmean low-water mark of such body of water, notwithstanding any surveys, plats,\nmarkers, or lines to the contrary.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 28-117; 1962, c. 406, \u00a7 28.1-100; 1964, c. 624; 1992, c.\n836.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}