{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/29.1-100.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/29.1-100.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/29.1-100.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/29.1-100.html"}],"law_id":60369,"edition_id":1,"section_id":60369,"structure_id":14948,"section_number":"29.1-100","catch_line":"Definitions","history":"1952, c. 573, \u00a7 29-131; 1952, c. 608, \u00a7 29-2.1; 1962, c. 469; 1974, c. 302; 1979, c. 264; 1984, c. 199; 1987, cc. 134, 488; 1990, c. 371; 2002, c. 157; 2012, cc. 247, 603; 2015, c. 618; 2017, c. 161; 2020, c. 958; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 432.","full_text":"As used in and for the purposes of this title only, or in any of the regulations of the Board, unless the context clearly requires a different meaning:\n\t\t“Bag or creel limit” means the quantity of game, fish or fur-bearing animals that may be taken, caught, or possessed during a period fixed by the Board.\n\t\t“Board” means the Board of Wildlife Resources.\n\t\t“Closed season” means that period of time fixed by the Board during which wild animals, birds or fish may not be taken, captured, killed, pursued, hunted, trapped or possessed.\n\t\t“Conservation police officers” means supervising officers, and regular and special conservation police officers.\n\t\t“Department” means the Department of Wildlife Resources.\n\t\t“Director” means the Director of the Department of Wildlife Resources.\n\t\t“Firearm” means any weapon that will or is designed to or may readily be converted to expel single or multiple projectiles by the action of an explosion of a combustible material.\n\t\t“Fishing” means taking, capturing, killing, or attempting to take, capture or kill any fish in and upon the inland waters of this Commonwealth.\n\t\t“Fur-bearing animals” includes beaver, bobcat, fisher, fox, mink, muskrat, opossum, otter, raccoon, skunk, and weasel.\n\t\t“Game” means wild animals and wild birds that are commonly hunted for sport or food.\n\t\t“Game animals” means deer (including all Cervidae), bear, rabbit, fox, squirrel, bobcat and raccoon.\n\t\t“Game fish” means trout (including all Salmonidae), all of the sunfish family (including largemouth bass, smallmouth bass and spotted bass, rock bass, bream, bluegill and crappie), walleye or pike perch, white bass, chain pickerel or jackfish, muskellunge, and northern pike, wherever such fish are found in the waters of this Commonwealth and rockfish or striped bass where found above tidewaters or in streams which are blocked from access from tidewaters by dams.\n\t\t“Hunting and trapping” includes the act of or the attempted act of taking, hunting, trapping, pursuing, chasing, shooting, snaring or netting birds or animals, and assisting any person who is hunting, trapping or attempting to do so regardless of whether birds or animals are actually taken; however, when hunting and trapping are allowed, reference is made to such acts as being conducted by lawful means and in a lawful manner. The Board of Wildlife Resources may authorize by regulation the pursuing or chasing of wild birds or wild animals during any closed hunting season where persons have no intent to take such birds or animals.\n\t\t“Lawful,” “by law,” or “law” means the statutes of this Commonwealth or regulations adopted by the Board which the Director is empowered to enforce.\n\t\t“Migratory game birds” means doves, ducks, brant, geese, swan, coot, gallinules, sora and other rails, snipe, woodcock and other species of birds on which open hunting seasons are set by federal regulations.\n\t\t“Muzzleloader” means any firearm described in subdivision 3 of the definition of antique firearm in \u00a7 18.2-308.2:2.\n\t\t“Muzzleloading pistol” means a muzzleloader originally designed, made or intended to fire a projectile (bullet) from one or more barrels when held in one hand and that is loaded from the muzzle or forward end of the cylinder.\n\t\t“Muzzleloading rifle” means a muzzleloader firing a single projectile that is loaded from the muzzle of the gun.\n\t\t“Muzzleloading shotgun” means a muzzleloader with a smooth bore firing multiple projectiles that are loaded from the muzzle of the gun.\n\t\t“Nonmigratory game birds” means grouse, bobwhite quail, turkey and all species of birds introduced into the Commonwealth by the Board.\n\t\t“Nuisance species” means blackbirds, coyotes, crows, cowbirds, feral swine, grackles, English sparrows, starlings, or those species designated as such by regulations of the Board, and those species found committing or about to commit depredation upon ornamental or shade trees, agricultural crops, wildlife, livestock or other property or when concentrated in numbers and manners as to constitute a health hazard or other nuisance. However, the term nuisance does not include (i) animals designated as endangered or threatened pursuant to \u00a7\u00a7 29.1-563, 29.1-564, and 29.1-566, (ii) animals classified as game or fur-bearing animals, and (iii) those species protected by state or federal law.\n\t\t“Open season” means that period of time fixed by the Board during which wild animals, wild birds and fish may be taken, captured, killed, pursued, trapped or possessed.\n\t\t“Pistol” means a weapon originally designed, made, and intended to fire a projectile (bullet) from one or more barrels when held in one hand, and having one or more chambers as an integral part of or permanently aligned with the bore and a short stock at an angle to and extending below the line of the bore that is designed to be gripped by one hand.\n\t\t“Possession” means the exercise of control of any wild animal, wild bird, fish or fur-bearing animal, or any part of the carcass thereof.\n\t\t“Properly licensed person” means a person who, while engaged in hunting, fishing or trapping, or in any other activity permitted under this title, in and upon the lands and inland waters of this Commonwealth, has upon his person all the licenses, permits and stamps required by law.\n\t\t“Regulation” means a regulation duly adopted by the Board pursuant to the authority vested by the provisions of this title.\n\t\t“Revolver” means a projectile weapon of the pistol type, having a breechloading chambered cylinder arranged so that the cocking of the hammer or movement of the trigger rotates it and brings the next cartridge in line with the barrel for firing.\n\t\t“Rifle” means a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder, and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed metallic cartridge to fire only a single projectile through a rifled bore for each single pull of the trigger.\n\t\t“Shotgun” means a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder, and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed shotgun shell to fire through a smooth bore or rifled shotgun barrel either a number of ball shot or a single projectile for each single pull of the trigger.\n\t\t“Transportation” means the transportation, either upon the person or by any other means, of any wild animal or wild bird or fish.\n\t\t“Wildlife” means all species of wild animals, wild birds and freshwater fish in the public waters of this Commonwealth.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":220795,"text":"As used in and for the purposes of this title only, or in any of the regulations of the Board, unless the context clearly requires a different meaning:\n\t\t“Bag or creel limit” means the quantity of game, fish or fur-bearing animals that may be taken, caught, or possessed during a period fixed by the Board.\n\t\t“Board” means the Board of Wildlife Resources.\n\t\t“Closed season” means that period of time fixed by the Board during which wild animals, birds or fish may not be taken, captured, killed, pursued, hunted, trapped or possessed.\n\t\t“Conservation police officers” means supervising officers, and regular and special conservation police officers.\n\t\t“Department” means the Department of Wildlife Resources.\n\t\t“Director” means the Director of the Department of Wildlife Resources.\n\t\t“Firearm” means any weapon that will or is designed to or may readily be converted to expel single or multiple projectiles by the action of an explosion of a combustible material.\n\t\t“Fishing” means taking, capturing, killing, or attempting to take, capture or kill any fish in and upon the inland waters of this Commonwealth.\n\t\t“Fur-bearing animals” includes beaver, bobcat, fisher, fox, mink, muskrat, opossum, otter, raccoon, skunk, and weasel.\n\t\t“Game” means wild animals and wild birds that are commonly hunted for sport or food.\n\t\t“Game animals” means deer (including all Cervidae), bear, rabbit, fox, squirrel, bobcat and raccoon.\n\t\t“Game fish” means trout (including all Salmonidae), all of the sunfish family (including largemouth bass, smallmouth bass and spotted bass, rock bass, bream, bluegill and crappie), walleye or pike perch, white bass, chain pickerel or jackfish, muskellunge, and northern pike, wherever such fish are found in the waters of this Commonwealth and rockfish or striped bass where found above tidewaters or in streams which are blocked from access from tidewaters by dams.\n\t\t“Hunting and trapping” includes the act of or the attempted act of taking, hunting, trapping, pursuing, chasing, shooting, snaring or netting birds or animals, and assisting any person who is hunting, trapping or attempting to do so regardless of whether birds or animals are actually taken; however, when hunting and trapping are allowed, reference is made to such acts as being conducted by lawful means and in a lawful manner. The Board of Wildlife Resources may authorize by regulation the pursuing or chasing of wild birds or wild animals during any closed hunting season where persons have no intent to take such birds or animals.\n\t\t“Lawful,” “by law,” or “law” means the statutes of this Commonwealth or regulations adopted by the Board which the Director is empowered to enforce.\n\t\t“Migratory game birds” means doves, ducks, brant, geese, swan, coot, gallinules, sora and other rails, snipe, woodcock and other species of birds on which open hunting seasons are set by federal regulations.\n\t\t“Muzzleloader” means any firearm described in subdivision 3 of the definition of antique firearm in \u00a7 18.2-308.2:2.\n\t\t“Muzzleloading pistol” means a muzzleloader originally designed, made or intended to fire a projectile (bullet) from one or more barrels when held in one hand and that is loaded from the muzzle or forward end of the cylinder.\n\t\t“Muzzleloading rifle” means a muzzleloader firing a single projectile that is loaded from the muzzle of the gun.\n\t\t“Muzzleloading shotgun” means a muzzleloader with a smooth bore firing multiple projectiles that are loaded from the muzzle of the gun.\n\t\t“Nonmigratory game birds” means grouse, bobwhite quail, turkey and all species of birds introduced into the Commonwealth by the Board.\n\t\t“Nuisance species” means blackbirds, coyotes, crows, cowbirds, feral swine, grackles, English sparrows, starlings, or those species designated as such by regulations of the Board, and those species found committing or about to commit depredation upon ornamental or shade trees, agricultural crops, wildlife, livestock or other property or when concentrated in numbers and manners as to constitute a health hazard or other nuisance. However, the term nuisance does not include (i) animals designated as endangered or threatened pursuant to \u00a7\u00a7 29.1-563, 29.1-564, and 29.1-566, (ii) animals classified as game or fur-bearing animals, and (iii) those species protected by state or federal law.\n\t\t“Open season” means that period of time fixed by the Board during which wild animals, wild birds and fish may be taken, captured, killed, pursued, trapped or possessed.\n\t\t“Pistol” means a weapon originally designed, made, and intended to fire a projectile (bullet) from one or more barrels when held in one hand, and having one or more chambers as an integral part of or permanently aligned with the bore and a short stock at an angle to and extending below the line of the bore that is designed to be gripped by one hand.\n\t\t“Possession” means the exercise of control of any wild animal, wild bird, fish or fur-bearing animal, or any part of the carcass thereof.\n\t\t“Properly licensed person” means a person who, while engaged in hunting, fishing or trapping, or in any other activity permitted under this title, in and upon the lands and inland waters of this Commonwealth, has upon his person all the licenses, permits and stamps required by law.\n\t\t“Regulation” means a regulation duly adopted by the Board pursuant to the authority vested by the provisions of this title.\n\t\t“Revolver” means a projectile weapon of the pistol type, having a breechloading chambered cylinder arranged so that the cocking of the hammer or movement of the trigger rotates it and brings the next cartridge in line with the barrel for firing.\n\t\t“Rifle” means a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder, and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed metallic cartridge to fire only a single projectile through a rifled bore for each single pull of the trigger.\n\t\t“Shotgun” means a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder, and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed shotgun shell to fire through a smooth bore or rifled shotgun barrel either a number of ball shot or a single projectile for each single pull of the trigger.\n\t\t“Transportation” means the transportation, either upon the person or by any other means, of any wild animal or wild bird or fish.\n\t\t“Wildlife” means all species of wild animals, wild birds and freshwater fish in the public waters of this Commonwealth.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":14948,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":14947,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:50:59","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:50:59","permalink":{"id":192281,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14948,"identifier":"1","token":"29.1\/1\/1","url":"\/29.1\/1\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":14947,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administration of Wildlife Resources","identifier":"1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12934,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:50:59","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:50:59","permalink":{"id":192279,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14947,"identifier":"1","token":"29.1\/1","url":"\/29.1\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12934,"edition_id":1,"name":"Wildlife, Inland Fisheries and Boating","identifier":"29.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:03","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:03","permalink":{"id":192277,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12934,"identifier":"29.1","token":"29.1","url":"\/29.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":60369,"structure_id":14948,"section_number":"29.1-100","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/29.1-100\/","token":"29.1\/1\/1\/29.1-100","metadata":false},{"id":67150,"structure_id":14948,"section_number":"29.1-100.1","catch_line":"Department of Game and Inland Fisheries continued as Department of Wildlife Resources","url":"\/29.1-100.1\/","token":"29.1\/1\/1\/29.1-100.1","metadata":false},{"id":57034,"structure_id":14948,"section_number":"29.1-101","catch_line":"Game Protection Fund","url":"\/29.1-101\/","token":"29.1\/1\/1\/29.1-101","metadata":false},{"id":70307,"structure_id":14948,"section_number":"29.1-101.01","catch_line":"Capital Improvement Fund","url":"\/29.1-101.01\/","token":"29.1\/1\/1\/29.1-101.01","metadata":false},{"id":60277,"structure_id":14948,"section_number":"29.1-101.1","catch_line":"Lifetime Hunting and Fishing Endowment Fund","url":"\/29.1-101.1\/","token":"29.1\/1\/1\/29.1-101.1","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":67150,"structure_id":14948,"section_number":"29.1-100.1","catch_line":"Department of Game and Inland Fisheries continued as Department of Wildlife Resources","url":"\/29.1-100.1\/","token":"29.1\/1\/1\/29.1-100.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/29.1-100\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1952. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 573 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1952 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 12 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1952, chapter 608; in 1962, chapter 469; in 1974, chapter 302; in 1979, chapter 264; in 1984, chapter 199; in 1987, chapters 134 and 488; in 1990, chapter 371; in 2002, chapter 157<\/a>; in 2012, chapters 247<\/a> and 603<\/a>; in 2015, chapter 618<\/a>; in 2017, chapter 161<\/a>; in 2020, chapter 958<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":80864,"section_number":"19.2-10.3","catch_line":"Reasonable suspicion required to stop, board, or inspect a noncommercial vessel on navigable waters of the Commonwealth","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-10.3\/"},{"id":70865,"section_number":"29.1-501","catch_line":"Promulgation of regulations; publication of proposed regulations or change therein; validation; evidentiary nature of publication","order_by":null,"url":"\/29.1-501\/"},{"id":54765,"section_number":"29.1-511","catch_line":"Open season on nuisance species","order_by":null,"url":"\/29.1-511\/"},{"id":57429,"section_number":"29.1-512","catch_line":"Closed season on other species","order_by":null,"url":"\/29.1-512\/"},{"id":61787,"section_number":"29.1-521","catch_line":"Unlawful to hunt, trap, possess, sell, or transport wild birds and wild animals except as permitted; exception; penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/29.1-521\/"},{"id":62967,"section_number":"29.1-530.4","catch_line":"Duty of certain entities to report hunting incidents","order_by":null,"url":"\/29.1-530.4\/"},{"id":69204,"section_number":"29.1-547","catch_line":"Trapping, selling, purchasing, etc., migratory game birds","order_by":null,"url":"\/29.1-547\/"},{"id":83505,"section_number":"29.1-554.1","catch_line":"Impeding lawful fishing in inland waters; penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/29.1-554.1\/"},{"id":86600,"section_number":"54.1-3800","catch_line":"Practice of veterinary medicine","order_by":null,"url":"\/54.1-3800\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":80010,"section_number":"18.2-308.2:2","catch_line":"Criminal history record information check required for the transfer of certain firearms","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-308.2_2\/"},{"id":76777,"section_number":"29.1-563","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/29.1-563\/"},{"id":56554,"section_number":"29.1-564","catch_line":"Taking, transportation, sale, etc., of endangered species prohibited","order_by":null,"url":"\/29.1-564\/"},{"id":72510,"section_number":"29.1-566","catch_line":"Regulations","order_by":null,"url":"\/29.1-566\/"}],"permalink":{"id":192283,"object_type":"law","relational_id":60369,"identifier":"29.1-100","token":"29.1\/1\/1\/29.1-100","url":"\/29.1-100\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/29.1-100\/","token":"29.1\/1\/1\/29.1-100","dublin_core":{"Title":"Definitions","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 29.1-100","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

As used in and for the purposes of this title only, or in any of the regulations<\/span> of the Board<\/span>, unless the context clearly requires a different meaning:\n\t\t“Bag or creel limit<\/span>” means the quantity of game, fish or fur-bearing animals<\/span> that may be taken, caught, or possessed during a period fixed by the Board<\/span>.\n\t\t“Board<\/span>” means the Board<\/span> of Wildlife<\/span> Resources.\n\t\t“Closed season<\/span>” means that period of time fixed by the Board<\/span> during which wild animals, birds or fish may not be taken, captured, killed, pursued, hunted, trapped or possessed.\n\t\t“Conservation police officers<\/span>” means supervising officers, and regular and special conservation police officers<\/span>.\n\t\t“Department<\/span>” means the Department<\/span> of Wildlife<\/span> Resources.\n\t\t“Director<\/span>” means the Director<\/span> of the Department<\/span> of Wildlife<\/span> Resources.\n\t\t“Firearm<\/span>” means any weapon that will or is designed to or may readily be converted to expel single or multiple projectiles by the action of an explosion of a combustible material<\/span>.\n\t\t“Fishing<\/span>” means taking, capturing, killing, or attempting to take, capture or kill any fish in and upon the inland waters of this Commonwealth.\n\t\t“Fur-bearing animals<\/span>” includes beaver, bobcat, fisher, fox, mink, muskrat, opossum, otter, raccoon, skunk, and weasel.\n\t\t“Game” means wild animals and wild birds that are commonly hunted for sport or food.\n\t\t“Game animals<\/span>” means deer (including all Cervidae), bear, rabbit, fox, squirrel, bobcat and raccoon.\n\t\t“Game fish<\/span>” means trout (including all Salmonidae), all of the sunfish family (including largemouth bass, smallmouth bass and spotted bass, rock bass, bream, bluegill and crappie), walleye or pike perch, white bass, chain pickerel or jackfish, muskellunge, and northern pike, wherever such fish are found in the waters of this Commonwealth and rockfish or striped bass where found above tidewaters or in streams which are blocked from access from tidewaters by dams.\n\t\t“Hunting and trapping<\/span>” includes the act of or the attempted act of taking, hunting, trapping, pursuing, chasing, shooting, snaring or netting birds or animals, and assisting any person who is hunting, trapping or attempting to do so regardless of whether birds or animals are actually taken; however, when hunting and trapping<\/span> are allowed, reference is made to such acts as being conducted by lawful means and in a lawful manner. The Board<\/span> of Wildlife<\/span> Resources may authorize by regulation<\/span> the pursuing or chasing of wild birds or wild animals during any closed hunting season where persons have no intent<\/span> to take such birds or animals.\n\t\t“Lawful,” “by law<\/span>,” or “law<\/span>” means the statutes<\/span> of this Commonwealth or regulations<\/span> adopted by the Board<\/span> which the Director<\/span> is empowered to enforce.\n\t\t“Migratory game birds<\/span>” means doves, ducks, brant, geese, swan, coot, gallinules, sora and other rails, snipe, woodcock and other species of birds on which open hunting seasons are set by federal regulations<\/span>.\n\t\t“Muzzleloader<\/span>” means any firearm<\/span> described in subdivision 3 of the definition of antique firearm<\/span> in \u00a7 18.2-308.2:2<\/a>.\n\t\t“Muzzleloading pistol<\/span>” means a muzzleloader<\/span> originally designed, made or intended to fire a projectile (bullet) from one or more barrels when held in one hand and that is loaded from the muzzle or forward end of the cylinder.\n\t\t“Muzzleloading rifle<\/span>” means a muzzleloader<\/span> firing a single projectile that is loaded from the muzzle of the gun.\n\t\t“Muzzleloading shotgun<\/span>” means a muzzleloader<\/span> with a smooth bore firing multiple projectiles that are loaded from the muzzle of the gun.\n\t\t“Nonmigratory game birds<\/span>” means grouse, bobwhite quail, turkey and all species of birds introduced into the Commonwealth by the Board<\/span>.\n\t\t“Nuisance species<\/span>” means blackbirds, coyotes, crows, cowbirds, feral swine, grackles, English sparrows, starlings, or those species designated as such by regulations<\/span> of the Board<\/span>, and those species found committing or about to commit depredation upon ornamental or shade trees, agricultural crops, wildlife<\/span>, livestock or other property or when concentrated in numbers and manners as to constitute a health hazard or other nuisance. However, the term nuisance does not include (i) animals designated as endangered or threatened pursuant to \u00a7\u00a7 29.1-563<\/a>, 29.1-564<\/a>, and 29.1-566<\/a>, (ii) animals classified as game or fur-bearing animals<\/span>, and (iii) those species protected by state or federal law<\/span>.\n\t\t“Open season<\/span>” means that period of time fixed by the Board<\/span> during which wild animals, wild birds and fish may be taken, captured, killed, pursued, trapped or possessed.\n\t\t“Pistol” means a weapon originally designed, made, and intended to fire a projectile (bullet) from one or more barrels when held in one hand, and having one or more chambers<\/span> as an integral part of or permanently aligned with the bore and a short stock at an angle to and extending below the line of the bore that is designed to be gripped by one hand.\n\t\t“Possession<\/span>” means the exercise of control of any wild animal, wild bird, fish or fur-bearing animal, or any part of the carcass thereof.\n\t\t“Properly licensed person<\/span>” means a person who, while engaged in hunting, fishing<\/span> or trapping, or in any other activity permitted under this title, in and upon the lands and inland waters of this Commonwealth, has upon his person all the licenses, permits and stamps required by law<\/span>.\n\t\t“Regulation<\/span>” means a regulation<\/span> duly adopted by the Board<\/span> pursuant to the authority vested by the provisions of this title.\n\t\t“Revolver<\/span>” means a projectile weapon of the pistol type, having a breechloading chambered cylinder arranged so that the cocking of the hammer or movement of the trigger rotates it and brings the next cartridge in line with the barrel for firing.\n\t\t“Rifle” means a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder, and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed metallic cartridge to fire only a single projectile through a rifled bore for each single pull of the trigger.\n\t\t“Shotgun” means a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder, and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed shotgun shell to fire through a smooth bore or rifled shotgun barrel either a number of ball shot or a single projectile for each single pull of the trigger.\n\t\t“Transportation<\/span>” means the transportation<\/span>, either upon the person or by any other means, of any wild animal or wild bird or fish.\n\t\t“Wildlife<\/span>” means all species of wild animals, wild birds and freshwater fish in the public waters of this Commonwealth.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nDEFINITIONS (\u00a7 29.1-100)\n\nAs used in and for the purposes of this title only, or in any of the regulations\nof the Board, unless the context clearly requires a different meaning:\n\t\t“Bag or creel limit” means the quantity of game, fish or\nfur-bearing animals that may be taken, caught, or possessed during a period\nfixed by the Board.\n\t\t“Board” means the Board of Wildlife Resources.\n\t\t“Closed season” means that period of time fixed by the Board\nduring which wild animals, birds or fish may not be taken, captured, killed,\npursued, hunted, trapped or possessed.\n\t\t“Conservation police officers” means supervising officers, and\nregular and special conservation police officers.\n\t\t“Department” means the Department of Wildlife Resources.\n\t\t“Director” means the Director of the Department of Wildlife\nResources.\n\t\t“Firearm” means any weapon that will or is designed to or may\nreadily be converted to expel single or multiple projectiles by the action of an\nexplosion of a combustible material.\n\t\t“Fishing” means taking, capturing, killing, or attempting to take,\ncapture or kill any fish in and upon the inland waters of this Commonwealth.\n\t\t“Fur-bearing animals” includes beaver, bobcat, fisher, fox, mink,\nmuskrat, opossum, otter, raccoon, skunk, and weasel.\n\t\t“Game” means wild animals and wild birds that are commonly hunted\nfor sport or food.\n\t\t“Game animals” means deer (including all Cervidae), bear, rabbit,\nfox, squirrel, bobcat and raccoon.\n\t\t“Game fish” means trout (including all Salmonidae), all of the\nsunfish family (including largemouth bass, smallmouth bass and spotted bass,\nrock bass, bream, bluegill and crappie), walleye or pike perch, white bass,\nchain pickerel or jackfish, muskellunge, and northern pike, wherever such fish\nare found in the waters of this Commonwealth and rockfish or striped bass where\nfound above tidewaters or in streams which are blocked from access from\ntidewaters by dams.\n\t\t“Hunting and trapping” includes the act of or the attempted act of\ntaking, hunting, trapping, pursuing, chasing, shooting, snaring or netting birds\nor animals, and assisting any person who is hunting, trapping or attempting to\ndo so regardless of whether birds or animals are actually taken; however, when\nhunting and trapping are allowed, reference is made to such acts as being\nconducted by lawful means and in a lawful manner. The Board of Wildlife\nResources may authorize by regulation the pursuing or chasing of wild birds or\nwild animals during any closed hunting season where persons have no intent to\ntake such birds or animals.\n\t\t“Lawful,” “by law,” or “law” means the\nstatutes of this Commonwealth or regulations adopted by the Board which the\nDirector is empowered to enforce.\n\t\t“Migratory game birds” means doves, ducks, brant, geese, swan,\ncoot, gallinules, sora and other rails, snipe, woodcock and other species of\nbirds on which open hunting seasons are set by federal regulations.\n\t\t“Muzzleloader” means any firearm described in subdivision 3 of the\ndefinition of antique firearm in \u00a7 18.2-308.2:2.\n\t\t“Muzzleloading pistol” means a muzzleloader originally designed,\nmade or intended to fire a projectile (bullet) from one or more barrels when\nheld in one hand and that is loaded from the muzzle or forward end of the\ncylinder.\n\t\t“Muzzleloading rifle” means a muzzleloader firing a single\nprojectile that is loaded from the muzzle of the gun.\n\t\t“Muzzleloading shotgun” means a muzzleloader with a smooth bore\nfiring multiple projectiles that are loaded from the muzzle of the gun.\n\t\t“Nonmigratory game birds” means grouse, bobwhite quail, turkey and\nall species of birds introduced into the Commonwealth by the Board.\n\t\t“Nuisance species” means blackbirds, coyotes, crows, cowbirds,\nferal swine, grackles, English sparrows, starlings, or those species designated\nas such by regulations of the Board, and those species found committing or about\nto commit depredation upon ornamental or shade trees, agricultural crops,\nwildlife, livestock or other property or when concentrated in numbers and\nmanners as to constitute a health hazard or other nuisance. However, the term\nnuisance does not include (i) animals designated as endangered or threatened\npursuant to \u00a7\u00a7 29.1-563, 29.1-564, and 29.1-566, (ii) animals classified as\ngame or fur-bearing animals, and (iii) those species protected by state or\nfederal law.\n\t\t“Open season” means that period of time fixed by the Board during\nwhich wild animals, wild birds and fish may be taken, captured, killed, pursued,\ntrapped or possessed.\n\t\t“Pistol” means a weapon originally designed, made, and intended to\nfire a projectile (bullet) from one or more barrels when held in one hand, and\nhaving one or more chambers as an integral part of or permanently aligned with\nthe bore and a short stock at an angle to and extending below the line of the\nbore that is designed to be gripped by one hand.\n\t\t“Possession” means the exercise of control of any wild animal,\nwild bird, fish or fur-bearing animal, or any part of the carcass thereof.\n\t\t“Properly licensed person” means a person who, while engaged in\nhunting, fishing or trapping, or in any other activity permitted under this\ntitle, in and upon the lands and inland waters of this Commonwealth, has upon\nhis person all the licenses, permits and stamps required by law.\n\t\t“Regulation” means a regulation duly adopted by the Board pursuant\nto the authority vested by the provisions of this title.\n\t\t“Revolver” means a projectile weapon of the pistol type, having a\nbreechloading chambered cylinder arranged so that the cocking of the hammer or\nmovement of the trigger rotates it and brings the next cartridge in line with\nthe barrel for firing.\n\t\t“Rifle” means a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and\nintended to be fired from the shoulder, and designed or redesigned and made or\nremade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed metallic cartridge to fire\nonly a single projectile through a rifled bore for each single pull of the\ntrigger.\n\t\t“Shotgun” means a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade,\nand intended to be fired from the shoulder, and designed or redesigned and made\nor remade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed shotgun shell to fire\nthrough a smooth bore or rifled shotgun barrel either a number of ball shot or a\nsingle projectile for each single pull of the trigger.\n\t\t“Transportation” means the transportation, either upon the person\nor by any other means, of any wild animal or wild bird or fish.\n\t\t“Wildlife” means all species of wild animals, wild birds and\nfreshwater fish in the public waters of this Commonwealth.\n\nHISTORY: 1952, c. 573, \u00a7 29-131; 1952, c. 608, \u00a7 29-2.1; 1962, c. 469; 1974,\nc. 302; 1979, c. 264; 1984, c. 199; 1987, cc. 134, 488; 1990, c. 371; 2002, c.\n157; 2012, cc. 247, 603; 2015, c. 618; 2017, c. 161; 2020, c. 958; 2021, Sp.\nSess. I, c. 432.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}