{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/3.2-5143.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/3.2-5143.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/3.2-5143.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/3.2-5143.html"}],"law_id":56040,"edition_id":1,"section_id":56040,"structure_id":14568,"section_number":"3.2-5143","catch_line":"Enforcement against companies","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 3-340; 1966, c. 702, \u00a7 3.1-419; 2002, c. 185; 2008, c. 860.","full_text":"When construing and enforcing the provisions of this chapter and Chapters 52 (\u00a7 3.2-5200 et seq.) and 54 (\u00a7 3.2-5400 et seq.), the act, omission, or failure of any officer, agent, or other individual acting for or employed by any partnership, corporation, company, society, or association within the scope of his employment or office, shall in every case be also deemed the act, omission, or failure of such partnership, corporation, company, society, or association, as well as that of the individual.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":205424,"text":"When construing and enforcing the provisions of this chapter and Chapters 52 (\u00a7 3.2-5200 et seq.) and 54 (\u00a7 3.2-5400 et seq.), the act, omission, or failure of any officer, agent, or other individual acting for or employed by any partnership, corporation, company, society, or association within the scope of his employment or office, shall in every case be also deemed the act, omission, or failure of such partnership, corporation, company, society, or association, as well as that of the individual.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":14568,"edition_id":1,"name":"Seizures, Prosecutions, Penalties, and Enforcement","identifier":"4","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":14561,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:48:41","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:48:41","permalink":{"id":197255,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14568,"identifier":"4","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4","url":"\/3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":14561,"edition_id":1,"name":"Food and Drink","identifier":"51","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12965,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:48:40","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:48:40","permalink":{"id":197127,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14561,"identifier":"51","token":"3.2\/IV\/51","url":"\/3.2\/IV\/51\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12965,"edition_id":1,"name":"Food and Drink; 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analysis; disposition of remainder","url":"\/3.2-5135\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5135","metadata":false},{"id":72080,"structure_id":14568,"section_number":"3.2-5136","catch_line":"Purchase of samples for analysis","url":"\/3.2-5136\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5136","metadata":false},{"id":56211,"structure_id":14568,"section_number":"3.2-5137","catch_line":"Proceeding for forfeiture","url":"\/3.2-5137\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5137","metadata":false},{"id":76257,"structure_id":14568,"section_number":"3.2-5138","catch_line":"Judgment as to goods seized; procedure before an appropriate court; appeal","url":"\/3.2-5138\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5138","metadata":false},{"id":84491,"structure_id":14568,"section_number":"3.2-5139","catch_line":"Disposition of proceeds from sale of such goods","url":"\/3.2-5139\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5139","metadata":false},{"id":59638,"structure_id":14568,"section_number":"3.2-5140","catch_line":"Attorney for the Commonwealth to render legal assistance","url":"\/3.2-5140\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5140","metadata":false},{"id":75162,"structure_id":14568,"section_number":"3.2-5141","catch_line":"General duty of attorneys for the Commonwealth; compensation","url":"\/3.2-5141\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5141","metadata":false},{"id":81702,"structure_id":14568,"section_number":"3.2-5142","catch_line":"Punishment for hindering Commissioner","url":"\/3.2-5142\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5142","metadata":false},{"id":56040,"structure_id":14568,"section_number":"3.2-5143","catch_line":"Enforcement against companies","url":"\/3.2-5143\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5143","metadata":false},{"id":72613,"structure_id":14568,"section_number":"3.2-5144","catch_line":"Exemption from civil and criminal liability in certain cases","url":"\/3.2-5144\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5144","metadata":false},{"id":76620,"structure_id":14568,"section_number":"3.2-5145","catch_line":"Punishment for failure to comply with requirements of certain chapters","url":"\/3.2-5145\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5145","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":81702,"structure_id":14568,"section_number":"3.2-5142","catch_line":"Punishment for hindering Commissioner","url":"\/3.2-5142\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5142","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":72613,"structure_id":14568,"section_number":"3.2-5144","catch_line":"Exemption from civil and criminal liability in certain cases","url":"\/3.2-5144\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5144","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/3.2-5143\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1966, chapter 702; in 2002, chapter 185<\/a>; in 2008, chapter 860<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":82561,"section_number":"3.2-5200","catch_line":"Duty of Commissioner to foster dairy industry","order_by":null,"url":"\/3.2-5200\/"},{"id":62290,"section_number":"3.2-5400","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/3.2-5400\/"}],"permalink":{"id":197313,"object_type":"law","relational_id":56040,"identifier":"3.2-5143","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5143","url":"\/3.2-5143\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/3.2-5143\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/51\/4\/3.2-5143","dublin_core":{"Title":"Enforcement against companies","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 3.2-5143","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

When construing and enforcing the provisions of this chapter and Chapters 52 (\u00a7 3.2-5200<\/a> et seq.) and 54 (\u00a7 3.2-5400<\/a> et seq.), the act, omission, or failure of any officer, agent, or other individual acting for or employed by any partnership, corporation, company, society, or association within the scope of his employment or office, shall in every case be also deemed the act, omission, or failure of such partnership, corporation, company, society, or association, as well as that of the individual.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nENFORCEMENT AGAINST COMPANIES (\u00a7 3.2-5143)\n\nWhen construing and enforcing the provisions of this chapter and Chapters 52 (\u00a7\n3.2-5200 et seq.) and 54 (\u00a7 3.2-5400 et seq.), the act, omission, or failure of\nany officer, agent, or other individual acting for or employed by any\npartnership, corporation, company, society, or association within the scope of\nhis employment or office, shall in every case be also deemed the act, omission,\nor failure of such partnership, corporation, company, society, or association,\nas well as that of the individual.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 3-340; 1966, c. 702, \u00a7 3.1-419; 2002, c. 185; 2008, c.\n860.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}