{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/3.2-5221.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/3.2-5221.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/3.2-5221.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/3.2-5221.html"}],"law_id":59100,"edition_id":1,"section_id":59100,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5221","catch_line":"Manipulators of machines to procure certificates; renewal of certificate; revocation by Commissioner","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 3-403; 1966, c. 702, \u00a7 3.1-533; 1996, c. 723; 2000, c. 993; 2008, c. 860.","full_text":"No inspector of milk or cream, and no person in any milk inspection laboratory, shall manipulate the Babcock or other centrifugal machine for the purpose of determining the composition of milk or cream for purposes of inspection without first obtaining a certificate from the Commissioner that he is competent to perform such work. No person in any milk depot, ice cream factory, confectionery, creamery, cheese factory, condensed milk factory, or other place in the Commonwealth shall manipulate the Babcock or other centrifugal machine for the purpose of determining the composition or value of milk or cream, or shall take samples or weigh milk or cream, as a basis for payment in buying or selling, without first obtaining a certificate from the Commissioner that he is competent to perform such work. All such certificates shall be renewed annually without further examination at the discretion of the Commissioner upon application. Unless a person holding a valid tester’s, weigher’s, and sampler’s certificate renews his certificate within one year after its expiration date, he shall be required to pass the applicable examination before a new certificate shall be issued. If any holder of a certificate is notified by the Commissioner to correct his use of a Babcock or other centrifugal machine, or his method of sampling or weighing, and the person or holder of a certificate notified fails to comply with the notice and correct his use of a Babcock or other centrifugal machine, or his methods of sampling or weighing, he shall be deemed guilty of a violation of the provisions of this article, and the Commissioner may forfeit his certificate or assess a civil penalty as provided in \u00a7 3.2-5233. No holder of a certificate whose authority to manipulate a Babcock or other centrifugal machine or to sample or weigh milk or cream has been revoked by the Commissioner shall thereafter manipulate in the Commonwealth any centrifugal machine or sample or weigh milk or cream for the purposes herein specified until his certificate has been renewed.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":216740,"text":"No inspector of milk or cream, and no person in any milk inspection laboratory, shall manipulate the Babcock or other centrifugal machine for the purpose of determining the composition of milk or cream for purposes of inspection without first obtaining a certificate from the Commissioner that he is competent to perform such work. No person in any milk depot, ice cream factory, confectionery, creamery, cheese factory, condensed milk factory, or other place in the Commonwealth shall manipulate the Babcock or other centrifugal machine for the purpose of determining the composition or value of milk or cream, or shall take samples or weigh milk or cream, as a basis for payment in buying or selling, without first obtaining a certificate from the Commissioner that he is competent to perform such work. All such certificates shall be renewed annually without further examination at the discretion of the Commissioner upon application. Unless a person holding a valid tester’s, weigher’s, and sampler’s certificate renews his certificate within one year after its expiration date, he shall be required to pass the applicable examination before a new certificate shall be issued. If any holder of a certificate is notified by the Commissioner to correct his use of a Babcock or other centrifugal machine, or his method of sampling or weighing, and the person or holder of a certificate notified fails to comply with the notice and correct his use of a Babcock or other centrifugal machine, or his methods of sampling or weighing, he shall be deemed guilty of a violation of the provisions of this article, and the Commissioner may forfeit his certificate or assess a civil penalty as provided in \u00a7 3.2-5233. No holder of a certificate whose authority to manipulate a Babcock or other centrifugal machine or to sample or weigh milk or cream has been revoked by the Commissioner shall thereafter manipulate in the Commonwealth any centrifugal machine or sample or weigh milk or cream for the purposes herein specified until his certificate has been renewed.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":15129,"edition_id":1,"name":"Babcock and Other Machine Tests","identifier":"4","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13998,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:52:21","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:52:21","permalink":{"id":197481,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15129,"identifier":"4","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4","url":"\/3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13998,"edition_id":1,"name":"Milk, Milk Products, and Dairies","identifier":"52","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12965,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:33","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:33","permalink":{"id":197401,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13998,"identifier":"52","token":"3.2\/IV\/52","url":"\/3.2\/IV\/52\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12965,"edition_id":1,"name":"Food and Drink; Weights and Measures","identifier":"IV","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12793,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:05","permalink":{"id":197125,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12965,"identifier":"IV","token":"3.2\/IV","url":"\/3.2\/IV\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12793,"edition_id":1,"name":"Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food","identifier":"3.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:53","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:53","permalink":{"id":193939,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12793,"identifier":"3.2","token":"3.2","url":"\/3.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":77177,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5218","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/3.2-5218\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5218","metadata":false},{"id":62640,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5219","catch_line":"No test or apparatus other than Babcock or other centrifugal machines to be used unless approved by Board","url":"\/3.2-5219\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5219","metadata":false},{"id":86964,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5220","catch_line":"Inspection of centrifugal machines and scales; condemnation","url":"\/3.2-5220\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5220","metadata":false},{"id":59100,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5221","catch_line":"Manipulators of machines to procure certificates; renewal of certificate; revocation by Commissioner","url":"\/3.2-5221\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5221","metadata":false},{"id":81099,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5222","catch_line":"To whom certificates issued","url":"\/3.2-5222\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5222","metadata":false},{"id":68910,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5223","catch_line":"Regulations governing applications for certificates; revocation by Board; standards and regulations","url":"\/3.2-5223\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5223","metadata":false},{"id":84199,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5224","catch_line":"Regulations governing equipment, standards and procedures","url":"\/3.2-5224\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5224","metadata":false},{"id":83605,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5225","catch_line":"Capacity of standard measurers","url":"\/3.2-5225\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5225","metadata":false},{"id":84293,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5226","catch_line":"Units for testing cream","url":"\/3.2-5226\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5226","metadata":false},{"id":57638,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5227","catch_line":"Sampling to determine butterfat by composite tests","url":"\/3.2-5227\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5227","metadata":false},{"id":66410,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5228","catch_line":"Test of measurers; inspection of machines and scales; right of entry","url":"\/3.2-5228\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5228","metadata":false},{"id":57701,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5229","catch_line":"False manipulation and reading of tests","url":"\/3.2-5229\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5229","metadata":false},{"id":69412,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5230","catch_line":"Tender of payment as evidence of test","url":"\/3.2-5230\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5230","metadata":false},{"id":85850,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5231","catch_line":"Commissioner to enforce article; persons exempt","url":"\/3.2-5231\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5231","metadata":false},{"id":58711,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5232","catch_line":"Obstructing Commissioner; violations of article","url":"\/3.2-5232\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5232","metadata":false},{"id":77229,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5233","catch_line":"Civil penalties","url":"\/3.2-5233\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5233","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":86964,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5220","catch_line":"Inspection of centrifugal machines and scales; condemnation","url":"\/3.2-5220\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5220","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":81099,"structure_id":15129,"section_number":"3.2-5222","catch_line":"To whom certificates issued","url":"\/3.2-5222\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5222","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/3.2-5221\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 4 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1966, chapter 702; in 1996, chapter 723<\/a>; in 2000, chapter 993<\/a>; in 2008, chapter 860<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":77229,"section_number":"3.2-5233","catch_line":"Civil penalties","order_by":null,"url":"\/3.2-5233\/"}],"permalink":{"id":197495,"object_type":"law","relational_id":59100,"identifier":"3.2-5221","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5221","url":"\/3.2-5221\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/3.2-5221\/","token":"3.2\/IV\/52\/4\/3.2-5221","dublin_core":{"Title":"Manipulators of machines to procure certificates; renewal of certificate; revocation by Commissioner","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 3.2-5221","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

No inspector of milk or cream, and no person in any milk inspection laboratory, shall manipulate the Babcock or other centrifugal machine for the purpose of determining the composition of milk or cream for purposes of inspection without first obtaining a certificate from the Commissioner<\/span> that he is competent to perform such work. No person in any milk depot, ice cream factory, confectionery, creamery, cheese factory, condensed milk factory, or other place in the Commonwealth shall manipulate the Babcock or other centrifugal machine for the purpose of determining the composition or value of milk or cream, or shall take samples or weigh milk or cream, as a basis for payment in buying or selling, without first obtaining a certificate from the Commissioner<\/span> that he is competent to perform such work. All such certificates shall be renewed annually without further examination at the discretion of the Commissioner<\/span> upon application. Unless a person holding a valid tester’s, weigher’s, and sampler’s certificate renews his certificate within one year after its expiration date, he shall be required to pass the applicable examination before a new certificate shall be issued. If any holder<\/span> of a certificate is notified by the Commissioner<\/span> to correct his use of a Babcock or other centrifugal machine, or his method of sampling or weighing, and the person or holder<\/span> of a certificate notified fails to comply with the notice and correct his use of a Babcock or other centrifugal machine, or his methods of sampling or weighing, he shall be deemed guilty of a violation of the provisions of this article, and the Commissioner<\/span> may forfeit his certificate or assess a civil penalty<\/span> as provided in \u00a7 3.2-5233<\/a>. No holder<\/span> of a certificate whose authority to manipulate a Babcock or other centrifugal machine or to sample or weigh milk or cream has been revoked by the Commissioner<\/span> shall thereafter manipulate in the Commonwealth any centrifugal machine or sample or weigh milk or cream for the purposes herein specified until his certificate has been renewed.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nMANIPULATORS OF MACHINES TO PROCURE CERTIFICATES; RENEWAL OF CERTIFICATE;\nREVOCATION BY COMMISSIONER (\u00a7 3.2-5221)\n\nNo inspector of milk or cream, and no person in any milk inspection laboratory,\nshall manipulate the Babcock or other centrifugal machine for the purpose of\ndetermining the composition of milk or cream for purposes of inspection without\nfirst obtaining a certificate from the Commissioner that he is competent to\nperform such work. No person in any milk depot, ice cream factory,\nconfectionery, creamery, cheese factory, condensed milk factory, or other place\nin the Commonwealth shall manipulate the Babcock or other centrifugal machine\nfor the purpose of determining the composition or value of milk or cream, or\nshall take samples or weigh milk or cream, as a basis for payment in buying or\nselling, without first obtaining a certificate from the Commissioner that he is\ncompetent to perform such work. All such certificates shall be renewed annually\nwithout further examination at the discretion of the Commissioner upon\napplication. Unless a person holding a valid tester’s, weigher’s,\nand sampler’s certificate renews his certificate within one year after its\nexpiration date, he shall be required to pass the applicable examination before\na new certificate shall be issued. If any holder of a certificate is notified by\nthe Commissioner to correct his use of a Babcock or other centrifugal machine,\nor his method of sampling or weighing, and the person or holder of a certificate\nnotified fails to comply with the notice and correct his use of a Babcock or\nother centrifugal machine, or his methods of sampling or weighing, he shall be\ndeemed guilty of a violation of the provisions of this article, and the\nCommissioner may forfeit his certificate or assess a civil penalty as provided\nin \u00a7 3.2-5233. No holder of a certificate whose authority to manipulate a\nBabcock or other centrifugal machine or to sample or weigh milk or cream has\nbeen revoked by the Commissioner shall thereafter manipulate in the Commonwealth\nany centrifugal machine or sample or weigh milk or cream for the purposes herein\nspecified until his certificate has been renewed.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 3-403; 1966, c. 702, \u00a7 3.1-533; 1996, c. 723; 2000, c.\n993; 2008, c. 860.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}