{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/32.1-212.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/32.1-212.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/32.1-212.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/32.1-212.html"}],"law_id":70048,"edition_id":1,"section_id":70048,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-212","catch_line":"Definitions","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 32-117; 1952, c. 530; 1956, c. 530; 1979, c. 711; 2005, c. 391.","full_text":"As used in this article unless the context otherwise requires:\n\t\t“Bedding” means any mattress, mattress pad, box spring, upholstered bed, davenport, upholstered sofa bed, quilted pad, comforter, bolster, cushion, pillow, featherbed, sleeping bag, or any other bag, case or cover made of leather, textile or other material which is stuffed or filled in whole or in part with concealed substance, which can be used by any human being for sleeping or reclining purposes.\n\t\t“Filling material” means cotton, wool, feathers, kapok, down, plant or vegetable fibers, or any other material or substance or combination thereof, loose or in batting, pads, or any prefabricated form, that is used or that may be used in articles of bedding or upholstered furniture.\n\t\t“Importer” means any person who for the purpose of manufacture or resale receives bedding, upholstered furniture or filling material from any country other than the United States.\n\t\t“New” means not previously used for any purpose. Manufacturing processes shall not be considered a prior use.\n\t\t“Sanitize” means to reduce the level of microbiological agents to a level not injurious to health.\n\t\t“Secondhand” means having been made prior use of or containing any filling material of which prior use has been made.\n\t\t“Shoddy” means any material which has been spun into yarn, knit or woven into fabric and subsequently cut up, torn up, broken or ground up.\n\t\t“Sterilize” means to render free of viable microbiological agents.\n\t\t“Upholstered furniture” means any article of furniture designed to be used for sitting, resting, or reclining that is wholly or partly stuffed or filled with any filling material.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":253029,"text":"As used in this article unless the context otherwise requires:\n\t\t“Bedding” means any mattress, mattress pad, box spring, upholstered bed, davenport, upholstered sofa bed, quilted pad, comforter, bolster, cushion, pillow, featherbed, sleeping bag, or any other bag, case or cover made of leather, textile or other material which is stuffed or filled in whole or in part with concealed substance, which can be used by any human being for sleeping or reclining purposes.\n\t\t“Filling material” means cotton, wool, feathers, kapok, down, plant or vegetable fibers, or any other material or substance or combination thereof, loose or in batting, pads, or any prefabricated form, that is used or that may be used in articles of bedding or upholstered furniture.\n\t\t“Importer” means any person who for the purpose of manufacture or resale receives bedding, upholstered furniture or filling material from any country other than the United States.\n\t\t“New” means not previously used for any purpose. Manufacturing processes shall not be considered a prior use.\n\t\t“Sanitize” means to reduce the level of microbiological agents to a level not injurious to health.\n\t\t“Secondhand” means having been made prior use of or containing any filling material of which prior use has been made.\n\t\t“Shoddy” means any material which has been spun into yarn, knit or woven into fabric and subsequently cut up, torn up, broken or ground up.\n\t\t“Sterilize” means to render free of viable microbiological agents.\n\t\t“Upholstered furniture” means any article of furniture designed to be used for sitting, resting, or reclining that is wholly or partly stuffed or filled with any filling material.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":14761,"edition_id":1,"name":"Bedding and Upholstered Furniture","identifier":"7","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12941,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:49:46","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:49:46","permalink":{"id":203969,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14761,"identifier":"7","token":"32.1\/6\/7","url":"\/32.1\/6\/7\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12941,"edition_id":1,"name":"Environmental Health Services","identifier":"6","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12727,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:03","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:03","permalink":{"id":203563,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12941,"identifier":"6","token":"32.1\/6","url":"\/32.1\/6\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12727,"edition_id":1,"name":"Health","identifier":"32.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","permalink":{"id":201099,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12727,"identifier":"32.1","token":"32.1","url":"\/32.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":70048,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-212","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/32.1-212\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-212","metadata":false},{"id":70534,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-213","catch_line":"Shoddy, secondhand filling material, feathers, animal hair and down to be sanitized","url":"\/32.1-213\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-213","metadata":false},{"id":77514,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-214","catch_line":"New animal hair, feathers and down to be sterilized","url":"\/32.1-214\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-214","metadata":false},{"id":64399,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-215","catch_line":"Disposal restricted","url":"\/32.1-215\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-215","metadata":false},{"id":85803,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-216","catch_line":"Permit for use of process to sanitize or sterilize","url":"\/32.1-216\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-216","metadata":false},{"id":70380,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-217","catch_line":"License and registration number; renewal; licenses not transferable; responsibility of branch factories","url":"\/32.1-217\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-217","metadata":false},{"id":74640,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-218","catch_line":"Fees","url":"\/32.1-218\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-218","metadata":false},{"id":58745,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-219","catch_line":"Tags required","url":"\/32.1-219\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-219","metadata":false},{"id":62011,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-220","catch_line":"Same; filling material","url":"\/32.1-220\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-220","metadata":false},{"id":56520,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-221","catch_line":"Offenses as to tags","url":"\/32.1-221\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-221","metadata":false},{"id":79995,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-222","catch_line":"Return of improperly tagged items; payment of costs of return; failure to pay costs","url":"\/32.1-222\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-222","metadata":false},{"id":63627,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-223","catch_line":"New and sanitized items to be kept separate","url":"\/32.1-223\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-223","metadata":false},{"id":66559,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-224","catch_line":"Administration and enforcement by Commissioner; refusal, suspension or revocation of license or permit","url":"\/32.1-224\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-224","metadata":false},{"id":58818,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-225","catch_line":"Exemptions","url":"\/32.1-225\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-225","metadata":false},{"id":76972,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-226","catch_line":"Violation a misdemeanor; application of the Virginia Consumer Protection Act","url":"\/32.1-226\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-226","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":70534,"structure_id":14761,"section_number":"32.1-213","catch_line":"Shoddy, secondhand filling material, feathers, animal hair and down to be sanitized","url":"\/32.1-213\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-213","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/32.1-212\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 4 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1952, chapter 530; in 1956, chapter 530; in 1979, chapter 711; in 2005, chapter 391<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":82977,"section_number":"59.1-200","catch_line":"Prohibited practices","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-200\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":203971,"object_type":"law","relational_id":70048,"identifier":"32.1-212","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-212","url":"\/32.1-212\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/32.1-212\/","token":"32.1\/6\/7\/32.1-212","dublin_core":{"Title":"Definitions","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 32.1-212","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

As used in this article unless the context otherwise requires:\n\t\t“Bedding<\/span>” means any mattress, mattress pad, box spring, upholstered bed, davenport, upholstered sofa bed, quilted pad, comforter, bolster, cushion, pillow, featherbed, sleeping bag, or any other bag, case or cover made of leather, textile or other material which is stuffed or filled in whole or in part with concealed substance, which can be used by any human being for sleeping or reclining purposes.\n\t\t“Filling material<\/span>” means cotton, wool, feathers, kapok, down, plant or vegetable fibers, or any other material or substance or combination thereof, loose or in batting, pads, or any prefabricated form, that is used or that may be used in articles of bedding<\/span> or upholstered furniture<\/span>.\n\t\t“Importer<\/span>” means any person<\/span> who for the purpose of manufacture or resale receives bedding<\/span>, upholstered furniture<\/span> or filling material<\/span> from any country other than the United States.\n\t\t“New<\/span>” means not previously used for any purpose. Manufacturing processes shall not be considered a prior use.\n\t\t“Sanitize<\/span>” means to reduce the level of microbiological agents to a level not injurious to health.\n\t\t“Secondhand<\/span>” means having been made prior use of or containing any filling material<\/span> of which prior use has been made.\n\t\t“Shoddy<\/span>” means any material which has been spun into yarn, knit or woven into fabric and subsequently cut up, torn up, broken or ground up.\n\t\t“Sterilize<\/span>” means to render free of viable microbiological agents.\n\t\t“Upholstered furniture<\/span>” means any article of furniture designed to be used for sitting, resting, or reclining that is wholly or partly stuffed or filled with any filling material<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nDEFINITIONS (\u00a7 32.1-212)\n\nAs used in this article unless the context otherwise requires:\n\t\t“Bedding” means any mattress, mattress pad, box spring,\nupholstered bed, davenport, upholstered sofa bed, quilted pad, comforter,\nbolster, cushion, pillow, featherbed, sleeping bag, or any other bag, case or\ncover made of leather, textile or other material which is stuffed or filled in\nwhole or in part with concealed substance, which can be used by any human being\nfor sleeping or reclining purposes.\n\t\t“Filling material” means cotton, wool, feathers, kapok, down,\nplant or vegetable fibers, or any other material or substance or combination\nthereof, loose or in batting, pads, or any prefabricated form, that is used or\nthat may be used in articles of bedding or upholstered furniture.\n\t\t“Importer” means any person who for the purpose of manufacture or\nresale receives bedding, upholstered furniture or filling material from any\ncountry other than the United States.\n\t\t“New” means not previously used for any purpose. Manufacturing\nprocesses shall not be considered a prior use.\n\t\t“Sanitize” means to reduce the level of microbiological agents to\na level not injurious to health.\n\t\t“Secondhand” means having been made prior use of or containing any\nfilling material of which prior use has been made.\n\t\t“Shoddy” means any material which has been spun into yarn, knit or\nwoven into fabric and subsequently cut up, torn up, broken or ground up.\n\t\t“Sterilize” means to render free of viable microbiological agents.\n\t\t“Upholstered furniture” means any article of furniture designed to\nbe used for sitting, resting, or reclining that is wholly or partly stuffed or\nfilled with any filling material.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 32-117; 1952, c. 530; 1956, c. 530; 1979, c. 711; 2005,\nc. 391.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}