{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/32.1-27.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/32.1-27.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/32.1-27.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/32.1-27.html"}],"law_id":59474,"edition_id":1,"section_id":59474,"structure_id":14107,"section_number":"32.1-27","catch_line":"Penalties, injunctions, civil penalties and charges for violations","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7\u00a7 32-6.4, 32-15; 1975, c. 564; 1976, c. 623; 1979, c. 711; 1980, c. 378; 1989, c. 618; 1999, c. 786; 2003, cc. 753, 762.","full_text":"A\n\nAny person willfully violating or refusing, failing or neglecting to comply with any regulation or order of the Board or Commissioner or any provision of this title shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor unless a different penalty is specified.B\n\nAny person violating or failing, neglecting, or refusing to obey any lawful regulation or order of the Board or Commissioner or any provision of this title may be compelled in a proceeding instituted in an appropriate court by the Board or Commissioner to obey such regulation, order or provision of this title and to comply therewith by injunction, mandamus, or other appropriate remedy or, pursuant to § 32.1-27.1, imposition of a civil penalty or appointment of a receiver.C\n\nWithout limiting the remedies which may be obtained in subsection B of this section, any person violating or failing, neglecting or refusing to obey any injunction, mandamus or other remedy obtained pursuant to subsection B shall be subject, in the discretion of the court, to a civil penalty not to exceed $25,000 for each violation, which shall be paid to the general fund, except that civil penalties for environmental pollution shall be paid into the state treasury and credited to the Water Supply Assistance Grant Fund created pursuant to § 32.1-171.2. Each day of violation shall constitute a separate offense.D\n\nWith the consent of any person who has violated or failed, neglected or refused to obey any regulation or order of the Board or Commissioner or any provision of this title, the Board may provide, in an order issued by the Board against such person, for the payment of civil charges for past violations in specific sums, not to exceed the limits specified in § 32.1-27.1 and subsection C of this section. Such civil charges shall be instead of any appropriate civil penalty which could be imposed under § 32.1-27.1 and subsection C of this section. When civil charges are based upon environmental pollution, the civil charges shall be paid into the state treasury and credited to the Water Supply Assistance Grant Fund created pursuant to § 32.1-171.2.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":217942,"text":"Any person willfully violating or refusing, failing or neglecting to comply with any regulation or order of the Board or Commissioner or any provision of this title shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor unless a different penalty is specified.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":217943,"text":"Any person violating or failing, neglecting, or refusing to obey any lawful regulation or order of the Board or Commissioner or any provision of this title may be compelled in a proceeding instituted in an appropriate court by the Board or Commissioner to obey such regulation, order or provision of this title and to comply therewith by injunction, mandamus, or other appropriate remedy or, pursuant to § 32.1-27.1, imposition of a civil penalty or appointment of a receiver.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":217944,"text":"Without limiting the remedies which may be obtained in subsection B of this section, any person violating or failing, neglecting or refusing to obey any injunction, mandamus or other remedy obtained pursuant to subsection B shall be subject, in the discretion of the court, to a civil penalty not to exceed $25,000 for each violation, which shall be paid to the general fund, except that civil penalties for environmental pollution shall be paid into the state treasury and credited to the Water Supply Assistance Grant Fund created pursuant to § 32.1-171.2. Each day of violation shall constitute a separate offense.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"D"},"3":{"id":217945,"text":"With the consent of any person who has violated or failed, neglected or refused to obey any regulation or order of the Board or Commissioner or any provision of this title, the Board may provide, in an order issued by the Board against such person, for the payment of civil charges for past violations in specific sums, not to exceed the limits specified in § 32.1-27.1 and subsection C of this section. Such civil charges shall be instead of any appropriate civil penalty which could be imposed under § 32.1-27.1 and subsection C of this section. When civil charges are based upon environmental pollution, the civil charges shall be paid into the state treasury and credited to the Water Supply Assistance Grant Fund created pursuant to § 32.1-171.2.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C"}},"ancestry":[{"id":14107,"edition_id":1,"name":"Procedures; Inspections; Orders; Penalties; Representation by Attorney General","identifier":"4","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13065,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:53","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:53","permalink":{"id":201281,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14107,"identifier":"4","token":"32.1\/1\/4","url":"\/32.1\/1\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13065,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administration Generally","identifier":"1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12727,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:12","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:12","permalink":{"id":201101,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13065,"identifier":"1","token":"32.1\/1","url":"\/32.1\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12727,"edition_id":1,"name":"Health","identifier":"32.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","permalink":{"id":201099,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12727,"identifier":"32.1","token":"32.1","url":"\/32.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":82400,"structure_id":14107,"section_number":"32.1-24","catch_line":"Applicability of Administrative Process Act","url":"\/32.1-24\/","token":"32.1\/1\/4\/32.1-24","metadata":false},{"id":86774,"structure_id":14107,"section_number":"32.1-25","catch_line":"Right of entry to inspect, etc.; warrants","url":"\/32.1-25\/","token":"32.1\/1\/4\/32.1-25","metadata":false},{"id":68435,"structure_id":14107,"section_number":"32.1-26","catch_line":"Orders; hearing and notice","url":"\/32.1-26\/","token":"32.1\/1\/4\/32.1-26","metadata":false},{"id":59474,"structure_id":14107,"section_number":"32.1-27","catch_line":"Penalties, injunctions, civil penalties and charges for violations","url":"\/32.1-27\/","token":"32.1\/1\/4\/32.1-27","metadata":false},{"id":84466,"structure_id":14107,"section_number":"32.1-27.1","catch_line":"Additional civil penalty or appointment of a receiver","url":"\/32.1-27.1\/","token":"32.1\/1\/4\/32.1-27.1","metadata":false},{"id":56823,"structure_id":14107,"section_number":"32.1-27.2","catch_line":"Administrative sanctions","url":"\/32.1-27.2\/","token":"32.1\/1\/4\/32.1-27.2","metadata":false},{"id":77478,"structure_id":14107,"section_number":"32.1-27.3","catch_line":"Sanctions; civil penalty","url":"\/32.1-27.3\/","token":"32.1\/1\/4\/32.1-27.3","metadata":false},{"id":64525,"structure_id":14107,"section_number":"32.1-28","catch_line":"When Attorney General to represent Board; special counsel","url":"\/32.1-28\/","token":"32.1\/1\/4\/32.1-28","metadata":false},{"id":55238,"structure_id":14107,"section_number":"32.1-29","catch_line":"Employment of attorney to defend Board members, employee, etc","url":"\/32.1-29\/","token":"32.1\/1\/4\/32.1-29","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":68435,"structure_id":14107,"section_number":"32.1-26","catch_line":"Orders; hearing and notice","url":"\/32.1-26\/","token":"32.1\/1\/4\/32.1-26","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":84466,"structure_id":14107,"section_number":"32.1-27.1","catch_line":"Additional civil penalty or appointment of a receiver","url":"\/32.1-27.1\/","token":"32.1\/1\/4\/32.1-27.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/32.1-27\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 7 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1975, chapter 564; in 1976, chapter 623; in 1979, chapter 711; in 1980, chapter 378; in 1989, chapter 618; in 1999, chapter 786<\/a>; in 2003, chapters 753<\/a> and 762<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":75479,"section_number":"32.1-102.10","catch_line":"Commencing project without certificate or registration grounds for refusing to issue license","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-102.10\/"},{"id":73851,"section_number":"32.1-162.15:1.20","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2026) Disciplinary action; civil penalties","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-162.15_1.20\/"},{"id":66759,"section_number":"32.1-164","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Board; regulations; fees; onsite soil evaluators; letters in lieu of permits; inspections; civil penalties","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-164\/"},{"id":61017,"section_number":"32.1-171.2","catch_line":"Water Supply Assistance Grant Fund established","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-171.2\/"},{"id":79341,"section_number":"32.1-174.3","catch_line":"Appointment of receiver for certain private waterworks; grounds for such appointment; petition and hearing, etc","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-174.3\/"},{"id":54420,"section_number":"32.1-176","catch_line":"Penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-176\/"},{"id":58183,"section_number":"32.1-234.1","catch_line":"Enforcement","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-234.1\/"},{"id":84466,"section_number":"32.1-27.1","catch_line":"Additional civil penalty or appointment of a receiver","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-27.1\/"},{"id":77478,"section_number":"32.1-27.3","catch_line":"Sanctions; civil penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-27.3\/"},{"id":60320,"section_number":"32.1-36","catch_line":"Reports by physicians and laboratory directors","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-36\/"},{"id":68450,"section_number":"32.1-48.012","catch_line":"Isolation order","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-48.012\/"},{"id":63430,"section_number":"32.1-48.014","catch_line":"Enforcement of orders of quarantine or isolation; penalties","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-48.014\/"},{"id":73650,"section_number":"32.1-48.09","catch_line":"Order of quarantine","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-48.09\/"},{"id":69009,"section_number":"32.1-71.01","catch_line":"Penalties for unauthorized use of statewide cancer registry","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-71.01\/"},{"id":78812,"section_number":"32.1-73.25","catch_line":"Penalties for unauthorized use of statewide sickle cell disease registry","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-73.25\/"},{"id":64584,"section_number":"54.1-1106.1","catch_line":"Violations of certain State Board of Health regulations; penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/54.1-1106.1\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":61017,"section_number":"32.1-171.2","catch_line":"Water Supply Assistance Grant Fund established","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-171.2\/"},{"id":84466,"section_number":"32.1-27.1","catch_line":"Additional civil penalty or appointment of a receiver","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-27.1\/"}],"permalink":{"id":201295,"object_type":"law","relational_id":59474,"identifier":"32.1-27","token":"32.1\/1\/4\/32.1-27","url":"\/32.1-27\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/32.1-27\/","token":"32.1\/1\/4\/32.1-27","dublin_core":{"Title":"Penalties, injunctions, civil penalties and charges for violations","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 32.1-27","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Any person<\/span> willfully violating or refusing, failing or neglecting to comply with any regulation or order<\/span> of the Board<\/span> or Commissioner<\/span> or any provision of this title shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor<\/span> unless a different penalty<\/span> is specified. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Any person<\/span> violating or failing, neglecting, or refusing to obey any lawful regulation or order<\/span> of the Board<\/span> or Commissioner<\/span> or any provision of this title may be compelled in a proceeding instituted in an appropriate court<\/span> by the Board<\/span> or Commissioner<\/span> to obey such regulation, order<\/span> or provision of this title and to comply therewith by injunction<\/span>, mandamus, or other appropriate remedy or, pursuant to § 32.1-27.1<\/a>, imposition of a civil penalty<\/span> or appointment of a receiver. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> Without limiting the remedies which may be obtained in subsection B of this section, any person<\/span> violating or failing, neglecting or refusing to obey any injunction<\/span>, mandamus or other remedy obtained pursuant to subsection B shall be subject, in the discretion of the court<\/span>, to a civil penalty<\/span> not to exceed $25,000 for each violation, which shall be paid to the general fund, except that civil penalties for environmental pollution shall be paid into the state treasury and credited to the Water Supply Assistance Grant Fund created pursuant to § 32.1-171.2<\/a>. Each day of violation shall constitute a separate offense<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

D.<\/span> With the consent of any person<\/span> who has violated or failed, neglected or refused to obey any regulation or order<\/span> of the Board<\/span> or Commissioner<\/span> or any provision of this title, the Board<\/span> may provide, in an order<\/span> issued by the Board<\/span> against such person<\/span>, for the payment of civil charges for past violations in specific sums, not to exceed the limits specified in § 32.1-27.1<\/a> and subsection C of this section. Such civil charges shall be instead of any appropriate civil penalty<\/span> which could be imposed under § 32.1-27.1<\/a> and subsection C of this section. When civil charges are based upon environmental pollution, the civil charges shall be paid into the state treasury and credited to the Water Supply Assistance Grant Fund created pursuant to § 32.1-171.2<\/a>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPENALTIES, INJUNCTIONS, CIVIL PENALTIES AND CHARGES FOR VIOLATIONS (\u00a7 32.1-27)\n\nA. Any person willfully violating or refusing, failing or neglecting to comply\nwith any regulation or order of the Board or Commissioner or any provision of\nthis title shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor unless a different penalty\nis specified.\n\nB. Any person violating or failing, neglecting, or refusing to obey any lawful\nregulation or order of the Board or Commissioner or any provision of this title\nmay be compelled in a proceeding instituted in an appropriate court by the Board\nor Commissioner to obey such regulation, order or provision of this title and to\ncomply therewith by injunction, mandamus, or other appropriate remedy or,\npursuant to § 32.1-27.1, imposition of a civil penalty or appointment of a\nreceiver.\n\nC. Without limiting the remedies which may be obtained in subsection B of this\nsection, any person violating or failing, neglecting or refusing to obey any\ninjunction, mandamus or other remedy obtained pursuant to subsection B shall be\nsubject, in the discretion of the court, to a civil penalty not to exceed\n$25,000 for each violation, which shall be paid to the general fund, except that\ncivil penalties for environmental pollution shall be paid into the state\ntreasury and credited to the Water Supply Assistance Grant Fund created pursuant\nto § 32.1-171.2. Each day of violation shall constitute a separate offense.\n\nD. With the consent of any person who has violated or failed, neglected or\nrefused to obey any regulation or order of the Board or Commissioner or any\nprovision of this title, the Board may provide, in an order issued by the Board\nagainst such person, for the payment of civil charges for past violations in\nspecific sums, not to exceed the limits specified in § 32.1-27.1 and\nsubsection C of this section. Such civil charges shall be instead of any\nappropriate civil penalty which could be imposed under § 32.1-27.1 and\nsubsection C of this section. When civil charges are based upon environmental\npollution, the civil charges shall be paid into the state treasury and credited\nto the Water Supply Assistance Grant Fund created pursuant to § 32.1-171.2.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7\u00a7 32-6.4, 32-15; 1975, c. 564; 1976, c. 623; 1979, c.\n711; 1980, c. 378; 1989, c. 618; 1999, c. 786; 2003, cc. 753, 762.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}