{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/33.2-1204.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/33.2-1204.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/33.2-1204.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/33.2-1204.html"}],"law_id":87257,"edition_id":1,"section_id":87257,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1204","catch_line":"Excepted signs, advertisements, and advertising structures","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 33-302; 1954, c. 588; 1960, c. 406; 1970, c. 322, \u00a7 33.1-355; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 8; 1972, c. 158; 1990, c. 196; 1993, c. 538; 1996, c. 125; 2003, c. 321; 2014, c. 805; 2015, c. 607; 2018, c. 794; 2025, c. 167.","full_text":"The following signs and advertisements, if securely attached to real property or advertising structures, and the advertising structures or parts thereof upon which they are posted or displayed are excepted from all the provisions of this article except those enumerated in \u00a7\u00a7 33.2-1202 and 33.2-1208, subdivisions 2 through 12 of \u00a7 33.2-1216, and \u00a7\u00a7 33.2-1217, 33.2-1224, and 33.2-1227:\n\n1\n\nAdvertisements securely attached to a place of business or residence and no more than 10 advertising structures, with a combined total area of such advertisements and advertising structures, exclusive of the area occupied by the name of the business, owner, or lessee, of no more than 500 square feet, erected or maintained, or caused to be erected or maintained, by the owner or lessee of such place of business or residence, within 250 feet of such place of business or residence or located on the real property of such place of business or residence and relating solely to merchandise, services, or entertainment sold, produced, manufactured, or furnished at such place of business or residence;2\n\nSigns erected or maintained, or caused to be erected or maintained, on any farm by the owner or lessee of such farm and relating solely to farm produce, merchandise, services, or entertainment sold, produced, manufactured, or furnished on such farm;3\n\nSigns upon real property posted or displayed by the owner, or by the authority of the owner, stating that the property upon which the sign is located, or a part of such property, is for sale or rent or stating any data pertaining to such property and its appurtenances and the name and address of the owner and the agent of such owner;4\n\nOfficial notices or advertisements posted or displayed by or under the direction of any public or court officer in the performance of his official or directed duties or by trustees under deeds of trust, deeds of assignment, or other similar instruments;5\n\nNotwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, danger or precautionary signs relating to the premises or signs warning of the condition of or dangers of travel on a highway erected or authorized by the Commissioner of Highways; forest fire warning signs erected under authority of the State Forester; and signs, notices, or symbols erected by the United States government under the direction of the U.S. Forest Service;6\n\nNotwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, notices of any telephone company, telegraph company, railroad, bridges, ferries, or other transportation company necessary in the discretion of the Commissioner of Highways for the safety of the public or for the direction of the public to such utility or to any place to be reached by it;7\n\nSigns, notices, or symbols for the information of aviators as to location, direction, and landings and conditions affecting safety in aviation erected or authorized by the Commissioner of Highways;8\n\nSigns of 16 square feet or less and bearing an announcement of any locality, or historic place, museum, or shrine situated in the Commonwealth advertising itself or local industries, meetings, buildings, or attractions, provided such signs are maintained wholly at public expense or at the expense of such historic place, museum, or shrine;9\n\nSigns or notices of two square feet or less placed at a junction of two or more highways in the primary state highway system denoting only the distance or direction of a church, residence, or place of business, provided such signs or notices do not exceed a reasonable number in the discretion of the Commissioner of Highways;10\n\nSigns or notices erected or maintained upon property giving the name of the owner, lessee, or occupant of the premises;11\n\nAdvertisements and advertising structures within the corporate limits of cities and towns, except as specified in § 33.2-1202;12\n\nNotwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, historical markers erected by duly constituted and authorized public authorities;13\n\nNotwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, highway markers and signs erected or caused to be erected by the Commissioner of Highways or the Board or other authorities in accordance with law;14\n\nSigns erected upon property warning the public against hunting, fishing, or trespassing thereon;15\n\nNotwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, signs erected by Red Cross authorities relating to Red Cross Emergency Stations, with authority hereby expressly given for the erection and maintenance of such signs upon the right-of-way of all highways in the Commonwealth at such locations as may be approved by the Commissioner of Highways;16\n\nSigns advertising agricultural products and horticultural products, or either, when such products are produced by the person who erects and maintains the signs, provided that restriction of the location and number of such signs shall be in the sole discretion of the Commissioner of Highways;17\n\nSigns advertising only the name, time, and place of bona fide agricultural, county, district, or state fairs, together with announcements of related special events that do not consume more than 50 percent of the display area of such signs, provided the person who posts the signs or causes them to be posted shall post a cash bond as may be prescribed by the Commissioner of Highways adequate to reimburse the Commonwealth for the actual cost of removing such signs that are not removed within 30 days after the last day of the fair so advertised;18\n\nSigns of no more than eight square feet, or one sign structure containing more than one sign of no more than eight square feet, that denote only the name of a civic service club or church, location and directions for reaching same, and time of meeting of such organization, provided such signs or notices do not exceed a reasonable number as determined by the Commissioner of Highways;19\n\nNotwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, signs containing advertisements or notices that have been authorized by a county and that are securely affixed to a public transit passenger shelter that is owned by that county, provided that no advertisement shall be placed within the right-of-way of the Interstate System, National Highway System, or federal-aid primary system of highways in violation of federal law. The prohibition in subdivision 7 of § 33.2-1216 against placing signs within 15 feet of the nearest edge of the pavement of any highway shall not apply to such signs. The Commissioner of Highways may require the removal of any particular sign located on such a shelter as provided in this subdivision if, in his judgment, such sign constitutes a safety hazard; and20\n\nSigns containing advertisements or notices that have been authorized by a county and that are located on public park property or school property that is owned by that county, provided that no advertisement or notice is visible from the main traveled way of the National Highway System in violation of federal law.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":312438,"text":"The following signs and advertisements, if securely attached to real property or advertising structures, and the advertising structures or parts thereof upon which they are posted or displayed are excepted from all the provisions of this article except those enumerated in \u00a7\u00a7 33.2-1202 and 33.2-1208, subdivisions 2 through 12 of \u00a7 33.2-1216, and \u00a7\u00a7 33.2-1217, 33.2-1224, and 33.2-1227:","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":"1"},"1":{"id":312439,"text":"Advertisements securely attached to a place of business or residence and no more than 10 advertising structures, with a combined total area of such advertisements and advertising structures, exclusive of the area occupied by the name of the business, owner, or lessee, of no more than 500 square feet, erected or maintained, or caused to be erected or maintained, by the owner or lessee of such place of business or residence, within 250 feet of such place of business or residence or located on the real property of such place of business or residence and relating solely to merchandise, services, or entertainment sold, produced, manufactured, or furnished at such place of business or residence;","type":"section","prefixes":["1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"1","prefix_anchor":"1","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":"2"},"2":{"id":312440,"text":"Signs erected or maintained, or caused to be erected or maintained, on any farm by the owner or lessee of such farm and relating solely to farm produce, merchandise, services, or entertainment sold, produced, manufactured, or furnished on such farm;","type":"section","prefixes":["2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"2","prefix_anchor":"2","level":1,"prior_prefix":"1","next_prefix":"3"},"3":{"id":312441,"text":"Signs upon real property posted or displayed by the owner, or by the authority of the owner, stating that the property upon which the sign is located, or a part of such property, is for sale or rent or stating any data pertaining to such property and its appurtenances and the name and address of the owner and the agent of such owner;","type":"section","prefixes":["3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"3","prefix_anchor":"3","level":1,"prior_prefix":"2","next_prefix":"4"},"4":{"id":312442,"text":"Official notices or advertisements posted or displayed by or under the direction of any public or court officer in the performance of his official or directed duties or by trustees under deeds of trust, deeds of assignment, or other similar instruments;","type":"section","prefixes":["4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"4","prefix_anchor":"4","level":1,"prior_prefix":"3","next_prefix":"5"},"5":{"id":312443,"text":"Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, danger or precautionary signs relating to the premises or signs warning of the condition of or dangers of travel on a highway erected or authorized by the Commissioner of Highways; forest fire warning signs erected under authority of the State Forester; and signs, notices, or symbols erected by the United States government under the direction of the U.S. Forest Service;","type":"section","prefixes":["5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"5","prefix_anchor":"5","level":1,"prior_prefix":"4","next_prefix":"6"},"6":{"id":312444,"text":"Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, notices of any telephone company, telegraph company, railroad, bridges, ferries, or other transportation company necessary in the discretion of the Commissioner of Highways for the safety of the public or for the direction of the public to such utility or to any place to be reached by it;","type":"section","prefixes":["6"],"prefix":"6","entire_prefix":"6","prefix_anchor":"6","level":1,"prior_prefix":"5","next_prefix":"7"},"7":{"id":312445,"text":"Signs, notices, or symbols for the information of aviators as to location, direction, and landings and conditions affecting safety in aviation erected or authorized by the Commissioner of Highways;","type":"section","prefixes":["7"],"prefix":"7","entire_prefix":"7","prefix_anchor":"7","level":1,"prior_prefix":"6","next_prefix":"8"},"8":{"id":312446,"text":"Signs of 16 square feet or less and bearing an announcement of any locality, or historic place, museum, or shrine situated in the Commonwealth advertising itself or local industries, meetings, buildings, or attractions, provided such signs are maintained wholly at public expense or at the expense of such historic place, museum, or shrine;","type":"section","prefixes":["8"],"prefix":"8","entire_prefix":"8","prefix_anchor":"8","level":1,"prior_prefix":"7","next_prefix":"9"},"9":{"id":312447,"text":"Signs or notices of two square feet or less placed at a junction of two or more highways in the primary state highway system denoting only the distance or direction of a church, residence, or place of business, provided such signs or notices do not exceed a reasonable number in the discretion of the Commissioner of Highways;","type":"section","prefixes":["9"],"prefix":"9","entire_prefix":"9","prefix_anchor":"9","level":1,"prior_prefix":"8","next_prefix":"10"},"10":{"id":312448,"text":"Signs or notices erected or maintained upon property giving the name of the owner, lessee, or occupant of the premises;","type":"section","prefixes":["10"],"prefix":"10","entire_prefix":"10","prefix_anchor":"10","level":1,"prior_prefix":"9","next_prefix":"11"},"11":{"id":312449,"text":"Advertisements and advertising structures within the corporate limits of cities and towns, except as specified in § 33.2-1202;","type":"section","prefixes":["11"],"prefix":"11","entire_prefix":"11","prefix_anchor":"11","level":1,"prior_prefix":"10","next_prefix":"12"},"12":{"id":312450,"text":"Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, historical markers erected by duly constituted and authorized public authorities;","type":"section","prefixes":["12"],"prefix":"12","entire_prefix":"12","prefix_anchor":"12","level":1,"prior_prefix":"11","next_prefix":"13"},"13":{"id":312451,"text":"Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, highway markers and signs erected or caused to be erected by the Commissioner of Highways or the Board or other authorities in accordance with law;","type":"section","prefixes":["13"],"prefix":"13","entire_prefix":"13","prefix_anchor":"13","level":1,"prior_prefix":"12","next_prefix":"14"},"14":{"id":312452,"text":"Signs erected upon property warning the public against hunting, fishing, or trespassing thereon;","type":"section","prefixes":["14"],"prefix":"14","entire_prefix":"14","prefix_anchor":"14","level":1,"prior_prefix":"13","next_prefix":"15"},"15":{"id":312453,"text":"Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, signs erected by Red Cross authorities relating to Red Cross Emergency Stations, with authority hereby expressly given for the erection and maintenance of such signs upon the right-of-way of all highways in the Commonwealth at such locations as may be approved by the Commissioner of Highways;","type":"section","prefixes":["15"],"prefix":"15","entire_prefix":"15","prefix_anchor":"15","level":1,"prior_prefix":"14","next_prefix":"16"},"16":{"id":312454,"text":"Signs advertising agricultural products and horticultural products, or either, when such products are produced by the person who erects and maintains the signs, provided that restriction of the location and number of such signs shall be in the sole discretion of the Commissioner of Highways;","type":"section","prefixes":["16"],"prefix":"16","entire_prefix":"16","prefix_anchor":"16","level":1,"prior_prefix":"15","next_prefix":"17"},"17":{"id":312455,"text":"Signs advertising only the name, time, and place of bona fide agricultural, county, district, or state fairs, together with announcements of related special events that do not consume more than 50 percent of the display area of such signs, provided the person who posts the signs or causes them to be posted shall post a cash bond as may be prescribed by the Commissioner of Highways adequate to reimburse the Commonwealth for the actual cost of removing such signs that are not removed within 30 days after the last day of the fair so advertised;","type":"section","prefixes":["17"],"prefix":"17","entire_prefix":"17","prefix_anchor":"17","level":1,"prior_prefix":"16","next_prefix":"18"},"18":{"id":312456,"text":"Signs of no more than eight square feet, or one sign structure containing more than one sign of no more than eight square feet, that denote only the name of a civic service club or church, location and directions for reaching same, and time of meeting of such organization, provided such signs or notices do not exceed a reasonable number as determined by the Commissioner of Highways;","type":"section","prefixes":["18"],"prefix":"18","entire_prefix":"18","prefix_anchor":"18","level":1,"prior_prefix":"17","next_prefix":"19"},"19":{"id":312457,"text":"Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, signs containing advertisements or notices that have been authorized by a county and that are securely affixed to a public transit passenger shelter that is owned by that county, provided that no advertisement shall be placed within the right-of-way of the Interstate System, National Highway System, or federal-aid primary system of highways in violation of federal law. The prohibition in subdivision 7 of § 33.2-1216 against placing signs within 15 feet of the nearest edge of the pavement of any highway shall not apply to such signs. The Commissioner of Highways may require the removal of any particular sign located on such a shelter as provided in this subdivision if, in his judgment, such sign constitutes a safety hazard; and","type":"section","prefixes":["19"],"prefix":"19","entire_prefix":"19","prefix_anchor":"19","level":1,"prior_prefix":"18","next_prefix":"20"},"20":{"id":312458,"text":"Signs containing advertisements or notices that have been authorized by a county and that are located on public park property or school property that is owned by that county, provided that no advertisement or notice is visible from the main traveled way of the National Highway System in violation of federal law.","type":"section","prefixes":["20"],"prefix":"20","entire_prefix":"20","prefix_anchor":"20","level":1,"prior_prefix":"19"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13335,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Policies and Regulations","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13334,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:40","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:40","permalink":{"id":205585,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13335,"identifier":"1","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1","url":"\/33.2\/II\/12\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13334,"edition_id":1,"name":"Outdoor Advertising in Sight of Public Highways","identifier":"12","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12830,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:40","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:40","permalink":{"id":205583,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13334,"identifier":"12","token":"33.2\/II\/12","url":"\/33.2\/II\/12\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12830,"edition_id":1,"name":"Modes of Transportation: Highways, Bridges, Ferries, Rail, and Public Transportation","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12806,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","permalink":{"id":205369,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12830,"identifier":"II","token":"33.2\/II","url":"\/33.2\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12806,"edition_id":1,"name":"Highways and Other Surface Transportation Systems","identifier":"33.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","permalink":{"id":204785,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12806,"identifier":"33.2","token":"33.2","url":"\/33.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":68297,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1200","catch_line":"Policy; definitions","url":"\/33.2-1200\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1200","metadata":false},{"id":59200,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1201","catch_line":"Enforcement of provisions by Commissioner of Highways","url":"\/33.2-1201\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1201","metadata":false},{"id":66077,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1202","catch_line":"Territory to which article applies","url":"\/33.2-1202\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1202","metadata":false},{"id":58790,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1203","catch_line":"Entry upon lands; hindering Commissioner of Highways or agent","url":"\/33.2-1203\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1203","metadata":false},{"id":87257,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1204","catch_line":"Excepted signs, advertisements, and advertising structures","url":"\/33.2-1204\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1204","metadata":false},{"id":70142,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1205","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/33.2-1205\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1205","metadata":false},{"id":68592,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1206","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/33.2-1206\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1206","metadata":false},{"id":86088,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1207","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/33.2-1207\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1207","metadata":false},{"id":83618,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1208","catch_line":"Permits required","url":"\/33.2-1208\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1208","metadata":false},{"id":79923,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1209","catch_line":"Applications for permits; fees","url":"\/33.2-1209\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1209","metadata":false},{"id":66207,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1210","catch_line":"Duration and renewal of permit","url":"\/33.2-1210\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1210","metadata":false},{"id":80749,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1211","catch_line":"Revocation of permit","url":"\/33.2-1211\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1211","metadata":false},{"id":61989,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1212","catch_line":"Temporary permit","url":"\/33.2-1212\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1212","metadata":false},{"id":65820,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1213","catch_line":"Appeal from refusal or revocation of permit","url":"\/33.2-1213\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1213","metadata":false},{"id":86728,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1214","catch_line":"Transfer of permits to successor concerns","url":"\/33.2-1214\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1214","metadata":false},{"id":73655,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1215","catch_line":"Identification of advertising structure or advertisement","url":"\/33.2-1215\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1215","metadata":false},{"id":63530,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1216","catch_line":"Certain advertisements or structures prohibited","url":"\/33.2-1216\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1216","metadata":false},{"id":61349,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1217","catch_line":"Special provisions pertaining to Interstate System, National Highway System, and federal-aid primary highways","url":"\/33.2-1217\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1217","metadata":false},{"id":86265,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1218","catch_line":"Removal of billboard signs under this chapter prohibited without just compensation","url":"\/33.2-1218\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1218","metadata":false},{"id":80128,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1219","catch_line":"Maintenance and repair of nonconforming billboard signs","url":"\/33.2-1219\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1219","metadata":false},{"id":75609,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1220","catch_line":"Regulations and agreements with United States implementing \u00a7 33.2-1217","url":"\/33.2-1220\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1220","metadata":false},{"id":54319,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1221","catch_line":"Selective pruning permits; fees; penalty","url":"\/33.2-1221\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1221","metadata":false},{"id":57234,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1222","catch_line":"Tree-trimming policies","url":"\/33.2-1222\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1222","metadata":false},{"id":80074,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1223","catch_line":"Pasting advertisements prohibited in certain instances","url":"\/33.2-1223\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1223","metadata":false},{"id":74225,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1224","catch_line":"Signs or advertising on rocks, poles, etc., within limits of highway; civil penalty","url":"\/33.2-1224\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1224","metadata":false},{"id":85049,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1225","catch_line":"Commissioner of Highways may enter into certain agreements; civil penalties","url":"\/33.2-1225\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1225","metadata":false},{"id":75960,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1226","catch_line":"Harmony of regulations","url":"\/33.2-1226\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1226","metadata":false},{"id":86362,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1227","catch_line":"Violation a nuisance; abatement","url":"\/33.2-1227\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1227","metadata":false},{"id":72726,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1228","catch_line":"Disposition of fees","url":"\/33.2-1228\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1228","metadata":false},{"id":75069,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1229","catch_line":"Penalties for violation","url":"\/33.2-1229\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1229","metadata":false},{"id":66719,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1230","catch_line":"Adjustment or relocation of certain billboard signs","url":"\/33.2-1230\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1230","metadata":false},{"id":59479,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1231","catch_line":"Construction of article","url":"\/33.2-1231\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1231","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":58790,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1203","catch_line":"Entry upon lands; hindering Commissioner of Highways or agent","url":"\/33.2-1203\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1203","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":70142,"structure_id":13335,"section_number":"33.2-1205","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/33.2-1205\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1205","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/33.2-1204\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 12 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1954, chapter 588; in 1960, chapter 406; in 1970, chapter 322; in 1972, chapter 158; in 1990, chapter 196; in 1993, chapter 538; in 1996, chapter 125<\/a>; in 2003, chapter 321<\/a>; in 2014, chapter 805<\/a>; in 2015, chapter 607<\/a>; in 2018, chapter 794<\/a>; in 2025, chapter 167<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":66077,"section_number":"33.2-1202","catch_line":"Territory to which article applies","order_by":null,"url":"\/33.2-1202\/"},{"id":83618,"section_number":"33.2-1208","catch_line":"Permits required","order_by":null,"url":"\/33.2-1208\/"},{"id":63530,"section_number":"33.2-1216","catch_line":"Certain advertisements or structures prohibited","order_by":null,"url":"\/33.2-1216\/"},{"id":61349,"section_number":"33.2-1217","catch_line":"Special provisions pertaining to Interstate System, National Highway System, and federal-aid primary highways","order_by":null,"url":"\/33.2-1217\/"},{"id":74225,"section_number":"33.2-1224","catch_line":"Signs or advertising on rocks, poles, etc., within limits of highway; civil penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/33.2-1224\/"},{"id":86362,"section_number":"33.2-1227","catch_line":"Violation a nuisance; abatement","order_by":null,"url":"\/33.2-1227\/"}],"permalink":{"id":205603,"object_type":"law","relational_id":87257,"identifier":"33.2-1204","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1204","url":"\/33.2-1204\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/33.2-1204\/","token":"33.2\/II\/12\/1\/33.2-1204","dublin_core":{"Title":"Excepted signs, advertisements, and advertising structures","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 33.2-1204","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

The following signs and advertisements, if securely attached to real property or advertising structures, and the advertising structures or parts thereof upon which they are posted or displayed are excepted from all the provisions of this article except those enumerated in \u00a7\u00a7 33.2-1202<\/a> and 33.2-1208<\/a>, subdivisions 2 through 12 of \u00a7 33.2-1216<\/a>, and \u00a7\u00a7 33.2-1217<\/a>, 33.2-1224<\/a>, and 33.2-1227<\/a>:<\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Advertisements securely attached to a place of business or residence and no more than 10 advertising structures, with a combined total area of such advertisements and advertising structures, exclusive of the area occupied by the name of the business, owner, or lessee, of no more than 500 square feet, erected or maintained, or caused to be erected or maintained, by the owner or lessee of such place of business or residence, within 250 feet of such place of business or residence or located on the real property of such place of business or residence and relating solely to merchandise, services, or entertainment sold, produced, manufactured, or furnished at such place of business or residence; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> Signs erected or maintained, or caused to be erected or maintained, on any farm by the owner or lessee of such farm and relating solely to farm produce, merchandise, services, or entertainment sold, produced, manufactured, or furnished on such farm; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Signs upon real property posted or displayed by the owner, or by the authority of the owner, stating that the property upon which the sign is located, or a part of such property, is for sale or rent or stating any data pertaining to such property and its appurtenances and the name and address of the owner and the agent of such owner; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> Official notices or advertisements posted or displayed by or under the direction of any public or court<\/span> officer in the performance of his official or directed duties or by trustees under deeds of trust, deeds of assignment, or other similar instruments; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

5.<\/span> Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224<\/a>, danger or precautionary signs relating to the premises or signs warning of the condition of or dangers of travel on a highway<\/span> erected or authorized by the Commissioner of Highways<\/span>; forest fire warning signs erected under authority of the State Forester; and signs, notices, or symbols erected by the United States government under the direction of the U.S. Forest Service; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

6.<\/span> Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224<\/a>, notices of any telephone company, telegraph company, railroad, bridges, ferries, or other transportation company necessary in the discretion of the Commissioner of Highways<\/span> for the safety of the public or for the direction of the public to such utility or to any place to be reached by it; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

7.<\/span> Signs, notices, or symbols for the information of aviators as to location, direction, and landings and conditions affecting safety in aviation erected or authorized by the Commissioner of Highways<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

8.<\/span> Signs of 16 square feet or less and bearing an announcement of any locality, or historic place, museum, or shrine situated in the Commonwealth advertising itself or local industries, meetings, buildings, or attractions, provided such signs are maintained wholly at public expense or at the expense of such historic place, museum, or shrine; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

9.<\/span> Signs or notices of two square feet or less placed at a junction of two or more highways in the primary state highway<\/span> system denoting only the distance or direction of a church, residence, or place of business, provided such signs or notices do not exceed a reasonable number in the discretion of the Commissioner of Highways<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

10.<\/span> Signs or notices erected or maintained upon property giving the name of the owner, lessee, or occupant of the premises; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

11.<\/span> Advertisements and advertising structures within the corporate limits of cities and towns, except as specified in § 33.2-1202<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

12.<\/span> Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224<\/a>, historical markers erected by duly constituted and authorized public authorities; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

13.<\/span> Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224<\/a>, highway<\/span> markers and signs erected or caused to be erected by the Commissioner of Highways<\/span> or the Board<\/span> or other authorities in accordance with law<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

14.<\/span> Signs erected upon property warning the public against hunting, fishing, or trespassing thereon; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

15.<\/span> Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224<\/a>, signs erected by Red Cross authorities relating to Red Cross Emergency Stations, with authority hereby expressly given for the erection and maintenance<\/span> of such signs upon the right-of-way of all highways in the Commonwealth at such locations as may be approved by the Commissioner of Highways<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

16.<\/span> Signs advertising agricultural products and horticultural products, or either, when such products are produced by the person who erects and maintains the signs, provided that restriction of the location and number of such signs shall be in the sole discretion of the Commissioner of Highways<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

17.<\/span> Signs advertising only the name, time, and place of bona fide agricultural, county, district, or state fairs, together with announcements of related special events that do not consume more than 50 percent of the display area of such signs, provided the person who posts the signs or causes them to be posted shall post a cash bond<\/span> as may be prescribed by the Commissioner of Highways<\/span> adequate to reimburse the Commonwealth for the actual cost of removing such signs that are not removed within 30 days after the last day of the fair so advertised; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

18.<\/span> Signs of no more than eight square feet, or one sign structure containing more than one sign of no more than eight square feet, that denote only the name of a civic service club or church, location and directions for reaching same, and time of meeting of such organization, provided such signs or notices do not exceed a reasonable number as determined by the Commissioner of Highways<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

19.<\/span> Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224<\/a>, signs containing advertisements or notices that have been authorized by a county and that are securely affixed to a public transit passenger shelter that is owned by that county, provided that no advertisement shall be placed within the right-of-way of the Interstate System<\/span>, National Highway System<\/span>, or federal-aid primary system of highways in violation of federal law<\/span>. The prohibition in subdivision 7 of § 33.2-1216<\/a> against placing signs within 15 feet of the nearest edge of the pavement of any highway shall not apply to such signs. The Commissioner of Highways<\/span> may require the removal of any particular sign located on such a shelter as provided in this subdivision if, in his judgment<\/span>, such sign constitutes a safety hazard; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

20.<\/span> Signs containing advertisements or notices that have been authorized by a county and that are located on public park property or school property that is owned by that county, provided that no advertisement or notice is visible from the main traveled way of the National Highway System<\/span> in violation of federal law<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nEXCEPTED SIGNS, ADVERTISEMENTS, AND ADVERTISING STRUCTURES (\u00a7 33.2-1204)\n\nThe following signs and advertisements, if securely attached to real property or\nadvertising structures, and the advertising structures or parts thereof upon\nwhich they are posted or displayed are excepted from all the provisions of this\narticle except those enumerated in \u00a7\u00a7 33.2-1202 and 33.2-1208, subdivisions 2\nthrough 12 of \u00a7 33.2-1216, and \u00a7\u00a7 33.2-1217, 33.2-1224, and 33.2-1227:\n\n1. Advertisements securely attached to a place of business or residence and no\nmore than 10 advertising structures, with a combined total area of such\nadvertisements and advertising structures, exclusive of the area occupied by the\nname of the business, owner, or lessee, of no more than 500 square feet, erected\nor maintained, or caused to be erected or maintained, by the owner or lessee of\nsuch place of business or residence, within 250 feet of such place of business\nor residence or located on the real property of such place of business or\nresidence and relating solely to merchandise, services, or entertainment sold,\nproduced, manufactured, or furnished at such place of business or residence;\n\n2. Signs erected or maintained, or caused to be erected or maintained, on any\nfarm by the owner or lessee of such farm and relating solely to farm produce,\nmerchandise, services, or entertainment sold, produced, manufactured, or\nfurnished on such farm;\n\n3. Signs upon real property posted or displayed by the owner, or by the\nauthority of the owner, stating that the property upon which the sign is\nlocated, or a part of such property, is for sale or rent or stating any data\npertaining to such property and its appurtenances and the name and address of\nthe owner and the agent of such owner;\n\n4. Official notices or advertisements posted or displayed by or under the\ndirection of any public or court officer in the performance of his official or\ndirected duties or by trustees under deeds of trust, deeds of assignment, or\nother similar instruments;\n\n5. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, danger or precautionary\nsigns relating to the premises or signs warning of the condition of or dangers\nof travel on a highway erected or authorized by the Commissioner of Highways;\nforest fire warning signs erected under authority of the State Forester; and\nsigns, notices, or symbols erected by the United States government under the\ndirection of the U.S. Forest Service;\n\n6. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, notices of any telephone\ncompany, telegraph company, railroad, bridges, ferries, or other transportation\ncompany necessary in the discretion of the Commissioner of Highways for the\nsafety of the public or for the direction of the public to such utility or to\nany place to be reached by it;\n\n7. Signs, notices, or symbols for the information of aviators as to location,\ndirection, and landings and conditions affecting safety in aviation erected or\nauthorized by the Commissioner of Highways;\n\n8. Signs of 16 square feet or less and bearing an announcement of any locality,\nor historic place, museum, or shrine situated in the Commonwealth advertising\nitself or local industries, meetings, buildings, or attractions, provided such\nsigns are maintained wholly at public expense or at the expense of such historic\nplace, museum, or shrine;\n\n9. Signs or notices of two square feet or less placed at a junction of two or\nmore highways in the primary state highway system denoting only the distance or\ndirection of a church, residence, or place of business, provided such signs or\nnotices do not exceed a reasonable number in the discretion of the Commissioner\nof Highways;\n\n10. Signs or notices erected or maintained upon property giving the name of the\nowner, lessee, or occupant of the premises;\n\n11. Advertisements and advertising structures within the corporate limits of\ncities and towns, except as specified in § 33.2-1202;\n\n12. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, historical markers\nerected by duly constituted and authorized public authorities;\n\n13. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, highway markers and\nsigns erected or caused to be erected by the Commissioner of Highways or the\nBoard or other authorities in accordance with law;\n\n14. Signs erected upon property warning the public against hunting, fishing, or\ntrespassing thereon;\n\n15. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, signs erected by Red\nCross authorities relating to Red Cross Emergency Stations, with authority\nhereby expressly given for the erection and maintenance of such signs upon the\nright-of-way of all highways in the Commonwealth at such locations as may be\napproved by the Commissioner of Highways;\n\n16. Signs advertising agricultural products and horticultural products, or\neither, when such products are produced by the person who erects and maintains\nthe signs, provided that restriction of the location and number of such signs\nshall be in the sole discretion of the Commissioner of Highways;\n\n17. Signs advertising only the name, time, and place of bona fide agricultural,\ncounty, district, or state fairs, together with announcements of related special\nevents that do not consume more than 50 percent of the display area of such\nsigns, provided the person who posts the signs or causes them to be posted shall\npost a cash bond as may be prescribed by the Commissioner of Highways adequate\nto reimburse the Commonwealth for the actual cost of removing such signs that\nare not removed within 30 days after the last day of the fair so advertised;\n\n18. Signs of no more than eight square feet, or one sign structure containing\nmore than one sign of no more than eight square feet, that denote only the name\nof a civic service club or church, location and directions for reaching same,\nand time of meeting of such organization, provided such signs or notices do not\nexceed a reasonable number as determined by the Commissioner of Highways;\n\n19. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 33.2-1224, signs containing\nadvertisements or notices that have been authorized by a county and that are\nsecurely affixed to a public transit passenger shelter that is owned by that\ncounty, provided that no advertisement shall be placed within the right-of-way\nof the Interstate System, National Highway System, or federal-aid primary system\nof highways in violation of federal law. The prohibition in subdivision 7 of\n§ 33.2-1216 against placing signs within 15 feet of the nearest edge of the\npavement of any highway shall not apply to such signs. The Commissioner of\nHighways may require the removal of any particular sign located on such a\nshelter as provided in this subdivision if, in his judgment, such sign\nconstitutes a safety hazard; and\n\n20. Signs containing advertisements or notices that have been authorized by a\ncounty and that are located on public park property or school property that is\nowned by that county, provided that no advertisement or notice is visible from\nthe main traveled way of the National Highway System in violation of federal\nlaw.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 33-302; 1954, c. 588; 1960, c. 406; 1970, c. 322, \u00a7\n33.1-355; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 8; 1972, c. 158; 1990, c. 196; 1993, c. 538; 1996,\nc. 125; 2003, c. 321; 2014, c. 805; 2015, c. 607; 2018, c. 794; 2025, c. 167.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}