{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/36-85.12.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/36-85.12.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/36-85.12.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/36-85.12.html"}],"law_id":55660,"edition_id":1,"section_id":55660,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.12","catch_line":"Violation; civil and criminal penalties","history":"1986, c. 37.","full_text":"It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation, to violate any provisions of this law, the rules and regulations enacted under authority of this law, or the Federal Law and Regulations. Any person, firm or corporation violating any provision of said laws, rules and regulations, or any final order issued thereunder, shall be liable for civil penalty not to exceed $1,000 for each violation. Each violation shall constitute a separate violation with respect to each manufactured home or with respect to each failure or refusal to allow or to perform an act required by the legislation or regulations. The maximum civil penalty may not exceed one million dollars for any related series of violations occurring within one year from the date of the first violation.\n\t\tAn individual or a director, officer, or agent of a corporation who knowingly and willfully violates Section 610 of the National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act in a manner which threatens the health or safety of any purchaser shall be deemed guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor and upon conviction fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":204020,"text":"It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation, to violate any provisions of this law, the rules and regulations enacted under authority of this law, or the Federal Law and Regulations. Any person, firm or corporation violating any provision of said laws, rules and regulations, or any final order issued thereunder, shall be liable for civil penalty not to exceed $1,000 for each violation. Each violation shall constitute a separate violation with respect to each manufactured home or with respect to each failure or refusal to allow or to perform an act required by the legislation or regulations. The maximum civil penalty may not exceed one million dollars for any related series of violations occurring within one year from the date of the first violation.\n\t\tAn individual or a director, officer, or agent of a corporation who knowingly and willfully violates Section 610 of the National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act in a manner which threatens the health or safety of any purchaser shall be deemed guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor and upon conviction fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":14347,"edition_id":1,"name":"Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Law","identifier":"4.1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12779,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:47:50","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:47:50","permalink":{"id":209023,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14347,"identifier":"4.1","token":"36\/4.1","url":"\/36\/4.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12779,"edition_id":1,"name":"Housing","identifier":"36","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":208257,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12779,"identifier":"36","token":"36","url":"\/36\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":85035,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.10","catch_line":"Rules and regulations to be kept in office of Department","url":"\/36-85.10\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.10","metadata":false},{"id":59158,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.11","catch_line":"Application of local ordinances; enforcement of chapter by local authorities","url":"\/36-85.11\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.11","metadata":false},{"id":55660,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.12","catch_line":"Violation; civil and criminal penalties","url":"\/36-85.12\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.12","metadata":false},{"id":73453,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.13","catch_line":"Staff, equipment or supplies","url":"\/36-85.13\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.13","metadata":false},{"id":86951,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.14","catch_line":"Fees","url":"\/36-85.14\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.14","metadata":false},{"id":57336,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.15","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/36-85.15\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.15","metadata":false},{"id":68023,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.2","catch_line":"Short title","url":"\/36-85.2\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.2","metadata":false},{"id":64678,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.3","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/36-85.3\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.3","metadata":false},{"id":63181,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.4","catch_line":"Applicability of chapter","url":"\/36-85.4\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.4","metadata":false},{"id":61841,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.5","catch_line":"Enforcement","url":"\/36-85.5\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.5","metadata":false},{"id":75073,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.6","catch_line":"Federal Standards and Regulations","url":"\/36-85.6\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.6","metadata":false},{"id":57260,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.7","catch_line":"Authority of Board to adopt rules and regulations","url":"\/36-85.7\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.7","metadata":false},{"id":59337,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.8","catch_line":"Notice and hearing on rules and regulations","url":"\/36-85.8\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.8","metadata":false},{"id":57225,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.9","catch_line":"Printing and distribution of rules and regulations","url":"\/36-85.9\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":59158,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.11","catch_line":"Application of local ordinances; enforcement of chapter by local authorities","url":"\/36-85.11\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.11","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":73453,"structure_id":14347,"section_number":"36-85.13","catch_line":"Staff, equipment or supplies","url":"\/36-85.13\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.13","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/36-85.12\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1986. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 37 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1986 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online.<\/p>","references":[{"id":61841,"section_number":"36-85.5","catch_line":"Enforcement","order_by":null,"url":"\/36-85.5\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":209033,"object_type":"law","relational_id":55660,"identifier":"36-85.12","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.12","url":"\/36-85.12\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/36-85.12\/","token":"36\/4.1\/36-85.12","dublin_core":{"Title":"Violation; civil and criminal penalties","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 36-85.12","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation, to violate any provisions of this law<\/span>, the rules and regulations enacted under authority of this law<\/span>, or the Federal Law and Regulations. Any person, firm or corporation violating any provision of said laws<\/span>, rules and regulations, or any final order<\/span> issued thereunder, shall be liable for civil penalty<\/span> not to exceed $1,000 for each violation. Each violation shall constitute a separate violation with respect to each manufactured home<\/span> or with respect to each failure or refusal to allow or to perform an act required by the legislation or regulations. The maximum civil penalty<\/span> may not exceed one million dollars for any related series of violations occurring within one year from the date of the first violation.\n\t\tAn individual or a director, officer, or agent of a corporation who knowingly and willfully violates Section 610 of the National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act in a manner which threatens the health or safety of any purchaser<\/span> shall be deemed guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor<\/span> and upon conviction<\/span> fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nVIOLATION; CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES (\u00a7 36-85.12)\n\nIt shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation, to violate any\nprovisions of this law, the rules and regulations enacted under authority of\nthis law, or the Federal Law and Regulations. Any person, firm or corporation\nviolating any provision of said laws, rules and regulations, or any final order\nissued thereunder, shall be liable for civil penalty not to exceed $1,000 for\neach violation. Each violation shall constitute a separate violation with\nrespect to each manufactured home or with respect to each failure or refusal to\nallow or to perform an act required by the legislation or regulations. The\nmaximum civil penalty may not exceed one million dollars for any related series\nof violations occurring within one year from the date of the first violation.\n\t\tAn individual or a director, officer, or agent of a corporation who knowingly\nand willfully violates Section 610 of the National Manufactured Housing\nConstruction and Safety Standards Act in a manner which threatens the health or\nsafety of any purchaser shall be deemed guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor and upon\nconviction fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or\nboth.\n\nHISTORY: 1986, c. 37.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}