{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/37.2-1109.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/37.2-1109.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/37.2-1109.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/37.2-1109.html"}],"law_id":64055,"edition_id":1,"section_id":64055,"structure_id":15593,"section_number":"37.2-1109","catch_line":"Use of electronic communication","history":"2005, cc. 51, 716.","full_text":"A\n\nPetitions and orders for emergency custody and temporary detention pursuant to § 37.2-1103 or 37.2-1104 may be filed, issued, served, or executed by electronic means, with or without the use of two-way electronic video and audio communication, and returned in the same manner with the same force, effect, and authority as an original document. All signatures thereon shall be treated as original signatures.B\n\nAny judge or special justice may conduct proceedings pursuant to this chapter using any two-way electronic video and audio communication system to provide for the appearance of any parties and witnesses. Any two-way electronic video and audio communication system used to conduct a proceeding shall meet the standards set forth in subsection B of § 19.2-3.1. When a witness whose testimony would be helpful to the conduct of the proceeding is not able to be physically present, his testimony may be received using a telephonic communication system.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":233262,"text":"Petitions and orders for emergency custody and temporary detention pursuant to § 37.2-1103 or 37.2-1104 may be filed, issued, served, or executed by electronic means, with or without the use of two-way electronic video and audio communication, and returned in the same manner with the same force, effect, and authority as an original document. All signatures thereon shall be treated as original signatures.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":233263,"text":"Any judge or special justice may conduct proceedings pursuant to this chapter using any two-way electronic video and audio communication system to provide for the appearance of any parties and witnesses. Any two-way electronic video and audio communication system used to conduct a proceeding shall meet the standards set forth in subsection B of § 19.2-3.1. When a witness whose testimony would be helpful to the conduct of the proceeding is not able to be physically present, his testimony may be received using a telephonic communication system.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":15593,"edition_id":1,"name":"Judicial Authorization of Treatment","identifier":"11","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":14269,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:56:39","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:56:39","permalink":{"id":210619,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15593,"identifier":"11","token":"37.2\/IV\/11","url":"\/37.2\/IV\/11\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":14269,"edition_id":1,"name":"Guardianship, Conservatorship, and Judicial Authorization of Treatment","identifier":"IV","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12843,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:47:33","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:47:33","permalink":{"id":210605,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14269,"identifier":"IV","token":"37.2\/IV","url":"\/37.2\/IV\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12843,"edition_id":1,"name":"Behavioral Health and Developmental Services","identifier":"37.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:56","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:56","permalink":{"id":209673,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12843,"identifier":"37.2","token":"37.2","url":"\/37.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":83720,"structure_id":15593,"section_number":"37.2-1100","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/37.2-1100\/","token":"37.2\/IV\/11\/37.2-1100","metadata":false},{"id":60379,"structure_id":15593,"section_number":"37.2-1101","catch_line":"Judicial authorization of treatment","url":"\/37.2-1101\/","token":"37.2\/IV\/11\/37.2-1101","metadata":false},{"id":85041,"structure_id":15593,"section_number":"37.2-1102","catch_line":"Certain actions may not be authorized","url":"\/37.2-1102\/","token":"37.2\/IV\/11\/37.2-1102","metadata":false},{"id":77155,"structure_id":15593,"section_number":"37.2-1103","catch_line":"Emergency custody orders for adult persons who are incapable of making an informed decision as a result of physical injury or illness","url":"\/37.2-1103\/","token":"37.2\/IV\/11\/37.2-1103","metadata":false},{"id":74221,"structure_id":15593,"section_number":"37.2-1104","catch_line":"Temporary detention in hospital for testing, observation, or treatment","url":"\/37.2-1104\/","token":"37.2\/IV\/11\/37.2-1104","metadata":false},{"id":76123,"structure_id":15593,"section_number":"37.2-1105","catch_line":"Appeal from order","url":"\/37.2-1105\/","token":"37.2\/IV\/11\/37.2-1105","metadata":false},{"id":81800,"structure_id":15593,"section_number":"37.2-1106","catch_line":"When health professional or licensed hospital not liable","url":"\/37.2-1106\/","token":"37.2\/IV\/11\/37.2-1106","metadata":false},{"id":73879,"structure_id":15593,"section_number":"37.2-1107","catch_line":"Fees and expenses","url":"\/37.2-1107\/","token":"37.2\/IV\/11\/37.2-1107","metadata":false},{"id":59505,"structure_id":15593,"section_number":"37.2-1108","catch_line":"Effect of chapter on other laws","url":"\/37.2-1108\/","token":"37.2\/IV\/11\/37.2-1108","metadata":false},{"id":64055,"structure_id":15593,"section_number":"37.2-1109","catch_line":"Use of electronic communication","url":"\/37.2-1109\/","token":"37.2\/IV\/11\/37.2-1109","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":59505,"structure_id":15593,"section_number":"37.2-1108","catch_line":"Effect of chapter on other laws","url":"\/37.2-1108\/","token":"37.2\/IV\/11\/37.2-1108","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/37.2-1109\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2005. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters 51<\/a> and 716<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":84637,"section_number":"19.2-3.1","catch_line":"Personal appearance by two-way electronic video and audio communication; standards","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-3.1\/"},{"id":77155,"section_number":"37.2-1103","catch_line":"Emergency custody orders for adult persons who are incapable of making an informed decision as a result of physical injury or illness","order_by":null,"url":"\/37.2-1103\/"},{"id":74221,"section_number":"37.2-1104","catch_line":"Temporary detention in hospital for testing, observation, or treatment","order_by":null,"url":"\/37.2-1104\/"}],"permalink":{"id":210657,"object_type":"law","relational_id":64055,"identifier":"37.2-1109","token":"37.2\/IV\/11\/37.2-1109","url":"\/37.2-1109\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/37.2-1109\/","token":"37.2\/IV\/11\/37.2-1109","dublin_core":{"Title":"Use of electronic communication","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 37.2-1109","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Petitions<\/span> and orders<\/span> for emergency custody<\/span> and temporary detention pursuant to § 37.2-1103<\/a> or 37.2-1104<\/a> may be filed, issued, served, or executed by electronic means, with or without the use of two-way electronic video and audio communication, and returned in the same manner with the same force, effect, and authority<\/span> as an original document. All signatures thereon shall be treated as original signatures. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Any judge<\/span> or special justice<\/span> may conduct proceedings pursuant to this chapter using any two-way electronic video and audio communication system to provide for the appearance<\/span> of any parties and witnesses. Any two-way electronic video and audio communication system used to conduct a proceeding shall meet the standards set forth in subsection B of § 19.2-3.1<\/a>. When a witness<\/span> whose testimony<\/span> would be helpful to the conduct of the proceeding is not able to be physically present, his testimony<\/span> may be received using a telephonic communication system. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nUSE OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION (\u00a7 37.2-1109)\n\nA. Petitions and orders for emergency custody and temporary detention pursuant\nto § 37.2-1103 or 37.2-1104 may be filed, issued, served, or executed by\nelectronic means, with or without the use of two-way electronic video and audio\ncommunication, and returned in the same manner with the same force, effect, and\nauthority as an original document. All signatures thereon shall be treated as\noriginal signatures.\n\nB. Any judge or special justice may conduct proceedings pursuant to this chapter\nusing any two-way electronic video and audio communication system to provide for\nthe appearance of any parties and witnesses. Any two-way electronic video and\naudio communication system used to conduct a proceeding shall meet the standards\nset forth in subsection B of § 19.2-3.1. When a witness whose testimony\nwould be helpful to the conduct of the proceeding is not able to be physically\npresent, his testimony may be received using a telephonic communication system.\n\nHISTORY: 2005, cc. 51, 716.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}