{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/38.2-1901.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/38.2-1901.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/38.2-1901.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/38.2-1901.html"}],"law_id":57539,"edition_id":1,"section_id":57539,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1901","catch_line":"Definitions","history":"1973, c. 504, \u00a7\u00a7 38.1-279.30, 38.1-279.40; 1986, c. 562; 1990, c. 596; 1993, c. 985; 1997, c. 153; 2000, cc. 624, 718.","full_text":"As used in this chapter:\n\t\t“Classification system” or “classification” means the plan, system, or arrangement for grouping risks with similar characteristics or a specified class of risk by recognizing differences in exposure to hazards.\n\t\t“Client company” shall have the same meaning ascribed to it in \u00a7 65.2-101.\n\t\t“Coemployee” shall have the same meaning ascribed to it in \u00a7 65.2-101.\n\t\t“Experience rating” means a statistical procedure utilizing past risk experience to produce a prospective premium credit, debit, or unity modification.\n\t\t“Market segment” means any line or class of insurance or, if it is described in general terms, any subdivision of insurance or any class of risks or combination of classes.\n\t\t“Professional employer organization” shall have the same meaning ascribed to it in \u00a7 65.2-101.\n\t\t“Professional employer services” means services provided to a client company pursuant to a written agreement with a professional employer organization, including, at a minimum, the payment of wages of the coemployees, the reservation of the right of direction and control over the coemployees, and the responsibility for the withholding and payment of payroll taxes of the coemployees.\n\t\t“Prospective loss costs” means historical aggregate losses and loss adjustment expenses projected through development to their ultimate value and through trending to a future point in time. Prospective loss costs do not include provisions for profit or expenses other than loss adjustment expenses.\n\t\t“Rate service organization” means any entity, including its affiliates or subsidiaries, which either has two or more member insurers or is controlled either directly or indirectly by two or more insurers, other than a joint underwriting association under \u00a7 38.2-1915, which assists insurers in ratemaking or filing by (i) collecting, compiling, and furnishing loss statistics; (ii) recommending, making, or filing prospective loss costs or supplementary rate information; or (iii) advising about rate questions, except as an attorney giving legal advice. Two or more insurers having a common ownership or operating in this Commonwealth under common management or control constitute a single insurer for purposes of this definition.\n\t\t“Retrospective rating plan” means a rating plan that adjusts the premium for the insurance to which it applies on the basis of losses incurred during the period covered by that insurance.\n\t\t“Statistical plan” means the plan, system, or arrangement used in collecting data for rate making or other purposes.\n\t\t“Supplementary rate information” includes any manual or plan of rates, experience rating plan, statistical plan, classification, rating schedule, minimum premium, or minimum premium rule, policy fee, rating rule, rate-related underwriting rule, and any other information not otherwise inconsistent with the purposes of this chapter required by the Commission.\n\t\t“Supporting data” includes:\n\n1\n\nThe experience and judgment of the filer and, to the extent the filer wishes or the Commission requires, the experience and judgment of other insurers or rate service organizations;2\n\nThe filer’s interpretation of any statistical data relied upon;3\n\nDescriptions of the actuarial and statistical methods employed in setting the rates; and4\n\nAny other relevant information required by the Commission.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":210810,"text":"As used in this chapter:\n\t\t“Classification system” or “classification” means the plan, system, or arrangement for grouping risks with similar characteristics or a specified class of risk by recognizing differences in exposure to hazards.\n\t\t“Client company” shall have the same meaning ascribed to it in \u00a7 65.2-101.\n\t\t“Coemployee” shall have the same meaning ascribed to it in \u00a7 65.2-101.\n\t\t“Experience rating” means a statistical procedure utilizing past risk experience to produce a prospective premium credit, debit, or unity modification.\n\t\t“Market segment” means any line or class of insurance or, if it is described in general terms, any subdivision of insurance or any class of risks or combination of classes.\n\t\t“Professional employer organization” shall have the same meaning ascribed to it in \u00a7 65.2-101.\n\t\t“Professional employer services” means services provided to a client company pursuant to a written agreement with a professional employer organization, including, at a minimum, the payment of wages of the coemployees, the reservation of the right of direction and control over the coemployees, and the responsibility for the withholding and payment of payroll taxes of the coemployees.\n\t\t“Prospective loss costs” means historical aggregate losses and loss adjustment expenses projected through development to their ultimate value and through trending to a future point in time. Prospective loss costs do not include provisions for profit or expenses other than loss adjustment expenses.\n\t\t“Rate service organization” means any entity, including its affiliates or subsidiaries, which either has two or more member insurers or is controlled either directly or indirectly by two or more insurers, other than a joint underwriting association under \u00a7 38.2-1915, which assists insurers in ratemaking or filing by (i) collecting, compiling, and furnishing loss statistics; (ii) recommending, making, or filing prospective loss costs or supplementary rate information; or (iii) advising about rate questions, except as an attorney giving legal advice. Two or more insurers having a common ownership or operating in this Commonwealth under common management or control constitute a single insurer for purposes of this definition.\n\t\t“Retrospective rating plan” means a rating plan that adjusts the premium for the insurance to which it applies on the basis of losses incurred during the period covered by that insurance.\n\t\t“Statistical plan” means the plan, system, or arrangement used in collecting data for rate making or other purposes.\n\t\t“Supplementary rate information” includes any manual or plan of rates, experience rating plan, statistical plan, classification, rating schedule, minimum premium, or minimum premium rule, policy fee, rating rule, rate-related underwriting rule, and any other information not otherwise inconsistent with the purposes of this chapter required by the Commission.\n\t\t“Supporting data” includes:","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":"1"},"1":{"id":210811,"text":"The experience and judgment of the filer and, to the extent the filer wishes or the Commission requires, the experience and judgment of other insurers or rate service organizations;","type":"section","prefixes":["1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"1","prefix_anchor":"1","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":"2"},"2":{"id":210812,"text":"The filer’s interpretation of any statistical data relied upon;","type":"section","prefixes":["2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"2","prefix_anchor":"2","level":1,"prior_prefix":"1","next_prefix":"3"},"3":{"id":210813,"text":"Descriptions of the actuarial and statistical methods employed in setting the rates; and","type":"section","prefixes":["3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"3","prefix_anchor":"3","level":1,"prior_prefix":"2","next_prefix":"4"},"4":{"id":210814,"text":"Any other relevant information required by the Commission.","type":"section","prefixes":["4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"4","prefix_anchor":"4","level":1,"prior_prefix":"3"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13456,"edition_id":1,"name":"Regulation of Rates Generally","identifier":"19","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12698,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:55","permalink":{"id":212945,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13456,"identifier":"19","token":"38.2\/19","url":"\/38.2\/19\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12698,"edition_id":1,"name":"Insurance","identifier":"38.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":210661,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12698,"identifier":"38.2","token":"38.2","url":"\/38.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":66229,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1900","catch_line":"Purposes of chapter","url":"\/38.2-1900\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1900","metadata":false},{"id":57539,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1901","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/38.2-1901\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1901","metadata":false},{"id":74191,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1902","catch_line":"Scope of chapter","url":"\/38.2-1902\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1902","metadata":false},{"id":70651,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1903","catch_line":"Exemptions","url":"\/38.2-1903\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1903","metadata":false},{"id":86657,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1903.1","catch_line":"Exemptions of large commercial risks","url":"\/38.2-1903.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1903.1","metadata":false},{"id":68129,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1904","catch_line":"Rate standards","url":"\/38.2-1904\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1904","metadata":false},{"id":57802,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1905","catch_line":"Motor vehicle insurer not to charge points or increase premiums in certain instances","url":"\/38.2-1905\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1905","metadata":false},{"id":80697,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1905.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/38.2-1905.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1905.1","metadata":false},{"id":70804,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1906","catch_line":"Filing and use of rates","url":"\/38.2-1906\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1906","metadata":false},{"id":54809,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1906.1","catch_line":"Misquote of premium","url":"\/38.2-1906.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1906.1","metadata":false},{"id":67605,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1907","catch_line":"Filings open to inspection","url":"\/38.2-1907\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1907","metadata":false},{"id":61334,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1908","catch_line":"Rate making and delegation of filing obligation","url":"\/38.2-1908\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1908","metadata":false},{"id":76329,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1909","catch_line":"Review of rates by Commission","url":"\/38.2-1909\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1909","metadata":false},{"id":64325,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1910","catch_line":"Disapproval of rates","url":"\/38.2-1910\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1910","metadata":false},{"id":63878,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1911","catch_line":"Special restrictions on individual insurers","url":"\/38.2-1911\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1911","metadata":false},{"id":77322,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1912","catch_line":"Delayed effect of rates; certification of reinsurance with affiliated company","url":"\/38.2-1912\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1912","metadata":false},{"id":76016,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1912.1","catch_line":"Approval of prospective loss costs and supplementary rate information; \u00a7 38.2-119 rate filings","url":"\/38.2-1912.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1912.1","metadata":false},{"id":73514,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1913","catch_line":"Operation and control of rate service organizations","url":"\/38.2-1913\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1913","metadata":false},{"id":68776,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1914","catch_line":"Licensing of rate service organizations","url":"\/38.2-1914\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1914","metadata":false},{"id":77780,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1915","catch_line":"Joint underwriting or joint reinsurance organizations","url":"\/38.2-1915\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1915","metadata":false},{"id":82148,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1916","catch_line":"Certain conduct by insurers and rate service organizations prohibited","url":"\/38.2-1916\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1916","metadata":false},{"id":75759,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1916.1","catch_line":"Investigation by Attorney General of suspected violations; investigative demand to witnesses; access to business records, etc.; penalties","url":"\/38.2-1916.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1916.1","metadata":false},{"id":54431,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1916.2","catch_line":"Penalties; injunctive relief; restitution","url":"\/38.2-1916.2\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1916.2","metadata":false},{"id":64311,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1917","catch_line":"Injunctive relief","url":"\/38.2-1917\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1917","metadata":false},{"id":64825,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1918","catch_line":"Agreements for equitable apportionment of insurance","url":"\/38.2-1918\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1918","metadata":false},{"id":62231,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1919","catch_line":"Collection of experience data; uniformity; compilations available to insurers and rate service organizations","url":"\/38.2-1919\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1919","metadata":false},{"id":72323,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1919.1","catch_line":"Interchange of rating data and information","url":"\/38.2-1919.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1919.1","metadata":false},{"id":60173,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1920","catch_line":"Excess rate for a specific risk","url":"\/38.2-1920\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1920","metadata":false},{"id":81510,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1921","catch_line":"Combination policies","url":"\/38.2-1921\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1921","metadata":false},{"id":61464,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1921.1","catch_line":"Professional employer organization workers' compensation rating","url":"\/38.2-1921.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1921.1","metadata":false},{"id":54416,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1922","catch_line":"No rule prohibiting or regulating payment of dividends, etc., to be adopted","url":"\/38.2-1922\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1922","metadata":false},{"id":73419,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1923","catch_line":"Person aggrieved by application of rating system to be heard; appeal to Commission","url":"\/38.2-1923\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1923","metadata":false},{"id":56103,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1924","catch_line":"Cooperation among rate service organizations, or among rate service organizations and insurers, authorized; review by Commission","url":"\/38.2-1924\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1924","metadata":false},{"id":77979,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1925","catch_line":"Examination of rate service organizations and joint underwriting and joint reinsurance organizations","url":"\/38.2-1925\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1925","metadata":false},{"id":67284,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1926","catch_line":"Action of Commission upon request for hearing on order or decision made without a hearing","url":"\/38.2-1926\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1926","metadata":false},{"id":62597,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1927","catch_line":"Withholding information; giving false or misleading information","url":"\/38.2-1927\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1927","metadata":false},{"id":73884,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1928","catch_line":"Violations of chapter","url":"\/38.2-1928\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1928","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":66229,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1900","catch_line":"Purposes of chapter","url":"\/38.2-1900\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1900","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":74191,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1902","catch_line":"Scope of chapter","url":"\/38.2-1902\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1902","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/38.2-1901\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1973. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 504 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1973 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 5 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1986, chapter 562; in 1990, chapter 596; in 1993, chapter 985; in 1997, chapter 153<\/a>; in 2000, chapters 624<\/a> and 718<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":77780,"section_number":"38.2-1915","catch_line":"Joint underwriting or joint reinsurance organizations","order_by":null,"url":"\/38.2-1915\/"},{"id":59551,"section_number":"65.2-101","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/65.2-101\/"}],"permalink":{"id":212951,"object_type":"law","relational_id":57539,"identifier":"38.2-1901","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1901","url":"\/38.2-1901\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/38.2-1901\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1901","dublin_core":{"Title":"Definitions","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 38.2-1901","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

As used in this chapter:\n\t\t“Classification system<\/span>” or “classification” means the plan, system, or arrangement for grouping risks with similar characteristics or a specified class of risk by recognizing differences in exposure to hazards.\n\t\t“Client company<\/span>” shall have the same meaning ascribed to it in \u00a7 65.2-101<\/a>.\n\t\t“Coemployee” shall have the same meaning ascribed to it in \u00a7 65.2-101<\/a>.\n\t\t“Experience rating<\/span>” means a statistical procedure utilizing past risk experience to produce a prospective premium credit, debit, or unity modification.\n\t\t“Market segment<\/span>” means any line or class of insurance<\/span> or, if it is described in general terms, any subdivision of insurance<\/span> or any class of risks or combination of classes.\n\t\t“Professional employer organization” shall have the same meaning ascribed to it in \u00a7 65.2-101<\/a>.\n\t\t“Professional employer services<\/span>” means services provided to a client company<\/span> pursuant to a written agreement with a professional employer organization, including, at a minimum, the payment of wages of the coemployees, the reservation of the right of direction and control over the coemployees, and the responsibility for the withholding and payment of payroll taxes of the coemployees.\n\t\t“Prospective loss costs<\/span>” means historical aggregate losses and loss adjustment expenses projected through development to their ultimate value and through trending to a future point in time. Prospective loss costs<\/span> do not include provisions for profit or expenses other than loss adjustment expenses.\n\t\t“Rate service organization<\/span>” means any entity, including its affiliates or subsidiaries, which either has two or more member insurers<\/span> or is controlled either directly or indirectly by two or more insurers<\/span>, other than a joint underwriting association under \u00a7 38.2-1915<\/a>, which assists insurers<\/span> in ratemaking or filing by (i) collecting, compiling, and furnishing loss statistics; (ii) recommending, making, or filing prospective loss costs<\/span> or supplementary rate information<\/span>; or (iii) advising about rate questions, except as an attorney giving legal advice. Two or more insurers<\/span> having a common ownership or operating in this Commonwealth under common management or control constitute a single insurer<\/span> for purposes of this definition.\n\t\t“Retrospective rating plan<\/span>” means a rating plan that adjusts the premium for the insurance<\/span> to which it applies on the basis of losses incurred during the period covered by that insurance<\/span>.\n\t\t“Statistical plan<\/span>” means the plan, system, or arrangement used in collecting data for rate making or other purposes.\n\t\t“Supplementary rate information<\/span>” includes any manual or plan of rates<\/span><\/span>, experience rating<\/span> plan, statistical plan<\/span>, classification, rating schedule, minimum premium, or minimum premium rule, policy fee, rating rule, rate-related underwriting rule, and any other information not otherwise inconsistent with the purposes of this chapter required by the Commission<\/span>.\n\t\t“Supporting data” includes:<\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> The experience and judgment<\/span> of the filer and, to the extent the filer wishes or the Commission<\/span> requires, the experience and judgment<\/span> of other insurers<\/span> or rate service organizations<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> The filer’s interpretation of any statistical data relied upon; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Descriptions of the actuarial and statistical methods employed in setting the rates<\/span><\/span>; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> Any other relevant information required by the Commission<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nDEFINITIONS (\u00a7 38.2-1901)\n\nAs used in this chapter:\n\t\t“Classification system” or “classification” means the\nplan, system, or arrangement for grouping risks with similar characteristics or\na specified class of risk by recognizing differences in exposure to hazards.\n\t\t“Client company” shall have the same meaning ascribed to it in \u00a7\n65.2-101.\n\t\t“Coemployee” shall have the same meaning ascribed to it in \u00a7\n65.2-101.\n\t\t“Experience rating” means a statistical procedure utilizing past\nrisk experience to produce a prospective premium credit, debit, or unity\nmodification.\n\t\t“Market segment” means any line or class of insurance or, if it is\ndescribed in general terms, any subdivision of insurance or any class of risks\nor combination of classes.\n\t\t“Professional employer organization” shall have the same meaning\nascribed to it in \u00a7 65.2-101.\n\t\t“Professional employer services” means services provided to a\nclient company pursuant to a written agreement with a professional employer\norganization, including, at a minimum, the payment of wages of the coemployees,\nthe reservation of the right of direction and control over the coemployees, and\nthe responsibility for the withholding and payment of payroll taxes of the\ncoemployees.\n\t\t“Prospective loss costs” means historical aggregate losses and\nloss adjustment expenses projected through development to their ultimate value\nand through trending to a future point in time. Prospective loss costs do not\ninclude provisions for profit or expenses other than loss adjustment expenses.\n\t\t“Rate service organization” means any entity, including its\naffiliates or subsidiaries, which either has two or more member insurers or is\ncontrolled either directly or indirectly by two or more insurers, other than a\njoint underwriting association under \u00a7 38.2-1915, which assists insurers in\nratemaking or filing by (i) collecting, compiling, and furnishing loss\nstatistics; (ii) recommending, making, or filing prospective loss costs or\nsupplementary rate information; or (iii) advising about rate questions, except\nas an attorney giving legal advice. Two or more insurers having a common\nownership or operating in this Commonwealth under common management or control\nconstitute a single insurer for purposes of this definition.\n\t\t“Retrospective rating plan” means a rating plan that adjusts the\npremium for the insurance to which it applies on the basis of losses incurred\nduring the period covered by that insurance.\n\t\t“Statistical plan” means the plan, system, or arrangement used in\ncollecting data for rate making or other purposes.\n\t\t“Supplementary rate information” includes any manual or plan of\nrates, experience rating plan, statistical plan, classification, rating\nschedule, minimum premium, or minimum premium rule, policy fee, rating rule,\nrate-related underwriting rule, and any other information not otherwise\ninconsistent with the purposes of this chapter required by the Commission.\n\t\t“Supporting data” includes:\n\n1. The experience and judgment of the filer and, to the extent the filer wishes\nor the Commission requires, the experience and judgment of other insurers or\nrate service organizations;\n\n2. The filer’s interpretation of any statistical data relied upon;\n\n3. Descriptions of the actuarial and statistical methods employed in setting the\nrates; and\n\n4. Any other relevant information required by the Commission.\n\nHISTORY: 1973, c. 504, \u00a7\u00a7 38.1-279.30, 38.1-279.40; 1986, c. 562; 1990, c.\n596; 1993, c. 985; 1997, c. 153; 2000, cc. 624, 718.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}