{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/38.2-1923.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/38.2-1923.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/38.2-1923.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/38.2-1923.html"}],"law_id":73419,"edition_id":1,"section_id":73419,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1923","catch_line":"Person aggrieved by application of rating system to be heard; appeal to Commission","history":"1973, c. 504, \u00a7 38.1-279.51; 1986, c. 562; 1990, c. 596.","full_text":"Each rate service organization and each insurer subject to this chapter shall provide within this Commonwealth reasonable means for any person aggrieved by the application of its rating system to be heard in person or by an authorized representative on his written request. Any person who makes the written request shall be entitled to review the manner in which the rating system has been applied to the insurance afforded him. If the rate service organization or insurer fails to grant or reject the request within thirty days after it is made, the applicant may proceed in the same manner as if his application had been rejected. Any person affected by the action of the rate service organization or the insurer on the request may, within thirty days after written notice of the action, appeal to the Commission. The Commission may affirm or reverse the action after a hearing held upon not less than ten days&#8217; written notice to the applicant and to the rate service organization or insurer.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":264219,"text":"Each rate service organization and each insurer subject to this chapter shall provide within this Commonwealth reasonable means for any person aggrieved by the application of its rating system to be heard in person or by an authorized representative on his written request. Any person who makes the written request shall be entitled to review the manner in which the rating system has been applied to the insurance afforded him. If the rate service organization or insurer fails to grant or reject the request within thirty days after it is made, the applicant may proceed in the same manner as if his application had been rejected. Any person affected by the action of the rate service organization or the insurer on the request may, within thirty days after written notice of the action, appeal to the Commission. The Commission may affirm or reverse the action after a hearing held upon not less than ten days&#8217; written notice to the applicant and to the rate service organization or insurer.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13456,"edition_id":1,"name":"Regulation of Rates Generally","identifier":"19","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12698,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:55","permalink":{"id":212945,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13456,"identifier":"19","token":"38.2\/19","url":"\/38.2\/19\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12698,"edition_id":1,"name":"Insurance","identifier":"38.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":210661,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12698,"identifier":"38.2","token":"38.2","url":"\/38.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":66229,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1900","catch_line":"Purposes of chapter","url":"\/38.2-1900\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1900","metadata":false},{"id":57539,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1901","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/38.2-1901\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1901","metadata":false},{"id":74191,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1902","catch_line":"Scope of chapter","url":"\/38.2-1902\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1902","metadata":false},{"id":70651,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1903","catch_line":"Exemptions","url":"\/38.2-1903\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1903","metadata":false},{"id":86657,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1903.1","catch_line":"Exemptions of large commercial risks","url":"\/38.2-1903.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1903.1","metadata":false},{"id":68129,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1904","catch_line":"Rate standards","url":"\/38.2-1904\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1904","metadata":false},{"id":57802,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1905","catch_line":"Motor vehicle insurer not to charge points or increase premiums in certain instances","url":"\/38.2-1905\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1905","metadata":false},{"id":80697,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1905.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/38.2-1905.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1905.1","metadata":false},{"id":70804,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1906","catch_line":"Filing and use of rates","url":"\/38.2-1906\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1906","metadata":false},{"id":54809,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1906.1","catch_line":"Misquote of premium","url":"\/38.2-1906.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1906.1","metadata":false},{"id":67605,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1907","catch_line":"Filings open to inspection","url":"\/38.2-1907\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1907","metadata":false},{"id":61334,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1908","catch_line":"Rate making and delegation of filing obligation","url":"\/38.2-1908\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1908","metadata":false},{"id":76329,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1909","catch_line":"Review of rates by Commission","url":"\/38.2-1909\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1909","metadata":false},{"id":64325,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1910","catch_line":"Disapproval of rates","url":"\/38.2-1910\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1910","metadata":false},{"id":63878,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1911","catch_line":"Special restrictions on individual insurers","url":"\/38.2-1911\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1911","metadata":false},{"id":77322,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1912","catch_line":"Delayed effect of rates; certification of reinsurance with affiliated company","url":"\/38.2-1912\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1912","metadata":false},{"id":76016,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1912.1","catch_line":"Approval of prospective loss costs and supplementary rate information; \u00a7 38.2-119 rate filings","url":"\/38.2-1912.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1912.1","metadata":false},{"id":73514,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1913","catch_line":"Operation and control of rate service organizations","url":"\/38.2-1913\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1913","metadata":false},{"id":68776,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1914","catch_line":"Licensing of rate service organizations","url":"\/38.2-1914\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1914","metadata":false},{"id":77780,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1915","catch_line":"Joint underwriting or joint reinsurance organizations","url":"\/38.2-1915\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1915","metadata":false},{"id":82148,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1916","catch_line":"Certain conduct by insurers and rate service organizations prohibited","url":"\/38.2-1916\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1916","metadata":false},{"id":75759,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1916.1","catch_line":"Investigation by Attorney General of suspected violations; investigative demand to witnesses; access to business records, etc.; penalties","url":"\/38.2-1916.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1916.1","metadata":false},{"id":54431,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1916.2","catch_line":"Penalties; injunctive relief; restitution","url":"\/38.2-1916.2\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1916.2","metadata":false},{"id":64311,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1917","catch_line":"Injunctive relief","url":"\/38.2-1917\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1917","metadata":false},{"id":64825,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1918","catch_line":"Agreements for equitable apportionment of insurance","url":"\/38.2-1918\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1918","metadata":false},{"id":62231,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1919","catch_line":"Collection of experience data; uniformity; compilations available to insurers and rate service organizations","url":"\/38.2-1919\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1919","metadata":false},{"id":72323,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1919.1","catch_line":"Interchange of rating data and information","url":"\/38.2-1919.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1919.1","metadata":false},{"id":60173,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1920","catch_line":"Excess rate for a specific risk","url":"\/38.2-1920\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1920","metadata":false},{"id":81510,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1921","catch_line":"Combination policies","url":"\/38.2-1921\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1921","metadata":false},{"id":61464,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1921.1","catch_line":"Professional employer organization workers' compensation rating","url":"\/38.2-1921.1\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1921.1","metadata":false},{"id":54416,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1922","catch_line":"No rule prohibiting or regulating payment of dividends, etc., to be adopted","url":"\/38.2-1922\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1922","metadata":false},{"id":73419,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1923","catch_line":"Person aggrieved by application of rating system to be heard; appeal to Commission","url":"\/38.2-1923\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1923","metadata":false},{"id":56103,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1924","catch_line":"Cooperation among rate service organizations, or among rate service organizations and insurers, authorized; review by Commission","url":"\/38.2-1924\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1924","metadata":false},{"id":77979,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1925","catch_line":"Examination of rate service organizations and joint underwriting and joint reinsurance organizations","url":"\/38.2-1925\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1925","metadata":false},{"id":67284,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1926","catch_line":"Action of Commission upon request for hearing on order or decision made without a hearing","url":"\/38.2-1926\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1926","metadata":false},{"id":62597,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1927","catch_line":"Withholding information; giving false or misleading information","url":"\/38.2-1927\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1927","metadata":false},{"id":73884,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1928","catch_line":"Violations of chapter","url":"\/38.2-1928\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1928","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":54416,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1922","catch_line":"No rule prohibiting or regulating payment of dividends, etc., to be adopted","url":"\/38.2-1922\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1922","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":56103,"structure_id":13456,"section_number":"38.2-1924","catch_line":"Cooperation among rate service organizations, or among rate service organizations and insurers, authorized; review by Commission","url":"\/38.2-1924\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1924","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/38.2-1923\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1973. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 504 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1973 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1986, chapter 562; in 1990, chapter 596.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":213071,"object_type":"law","relational_id":73419,"identifier":"38.2-1923","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1923","url":"\/38.2-1923\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/38.2-1923\/","token":"38.2\/19\/38.2-1923","dublin_core":{"Title":"Person aggrieved by application of rating system to be heard; appeal to Commission","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 38.2-1923","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Each <span class=\"dictionary\">rate service organization<\/span> and each <span class=\"dictionary\">insurer<\/span> subject to this chapter shall provide within this Commonwealth reasonable means for any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> aggrieved by the application of its rating system to be heard in <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> or by an authorized representative on his written request. Any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> who makes the written request shall be entitled to review the manner in which the rating system has been applied to the <span class=\"dictionary\">insurance<\/span> afforded him. If the <span class=\"dictionary\">rate service organization<\/span> or <span class=\"dictionary\">insurer<\/span> fails to grant or reject the request within thirty days after it is made, the applicant may proceed in the same manner as if his application had been rejected. Any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> affected by the action of the <span class=\"dictionary\">rate service organization<\/span> or the <span class=\"dictionary\">insurer<\/span> on the request may, within thirty days after written notice of the action, <span class=\"dictionary\">appeal<\/span> to the <span class=\"dictionary\">Commission<\/span>. The <span class=\"dictionary\">Commission<\/span> may <span class=\"dictionary\">affirm<\/span> or <span class=\"dictionary\">reverse<\/span> the action after a <span class=\"dictionary\">hearing<\/span> held upon not less than ten days&#8217; written notice to the applicant and to the <span class=\"dictionary\">rate service organization<\/span> or <span class=\"dictionary\">insurer<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPERSON AGGRIEVED BY APPLICATION OF RATING SYSTEM TO BE HEARD; APPEAL TO\nCOMMISSION (\u00a7 38.2-1923)\n\nEach rate service organization and each insurer subject to this chapter shall\nprovide within this Commonwealth reasonable means for any person aggrieved by\nthe application of its rating system to be heard in person or by an authorized\nrepresentative on his written request. Any person who makes the written request\nshall be entitled to review the manner in which the rating system has been\napplied to the insurance afforded him. If the rate service organization or\ninsurer fails to grant or reject the request within thirty days after it is\nmade, the applicant may proceed in the same manner as if his application had\nbeen rejected. Any person affected by the action of the rate service\norganization or the insurer on the request may, within thirty days after written\nnotice of the action, appeal to the Commission. The Commission may affirm or\nreverse the action after a hearing held upon not less than ten days&#8217;\nwritten notice to the applicant and to the rate service organization or insurer.\n\nHISTORY: 1973, c. 504, \u00a7 38.1-279.51; 1986, c. 562; 1990, c. 596.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}