{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/38.2-2213.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/38.2-2213.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/38.2-2213.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/38.2-2213.html"}],"law_id":57322,"edition_id":1,"section_id":57322,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2213","catch_line":"Discrimination in issuance of motor vehicle insurance","history":"1976, c. 495, \u00a7 38.1-381.6; 1977, c. 181; 1983, c. 61; 1986, c. 562; 2019, c. 334; 2020, c. 1137.","full_text":"No insurer or agent shall refuse to issue a motor vehicle insurance policy as defined in \u00a7 38.2-2212 solely because of any one or more of the following factors: the age, sex, residence, race, color, creed, national origin, ancestry, marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, status of a person as a foster care provider or a person in foster care, or lawful occupation, including the military service, of the person seeking the coverage. Nothing in this section prohibits any insurer from limiting the issuance of motor vehicle insurance policies to those who are residents of this Commonwealth nor does this section prohibit any insurer from limiting the issuance of motor vehicle insurance policies only to persons engaging in or who have engaged in a particular profession or occupation, or who are members of a particular religious sect. Nothing in this section prohibits any insurer from setting rates in accordance with relevant actuarial data.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":209950,"text":"No insurer or agent shall refuse to issue a motor vehicle insurance policy as defined in \u00a7 38.2-2212 solely because of any one or more of the following factors: the age, sex, residence, race, color, creed, national origin, ancestry, marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, status of a person as a foster care provider or a person in foster care, or lawful occupation, including the military service, of the person seeking the coverage. Nothing in this section prohibits any insurer from limiting the issuance of motor vehicle insurance policies to those who are residents of this Commonwealth nor does this section prohibit any insurer from limiting the issuance of motor vehicle insurance policies only to persons engaging in or who have engaged in a particular profession or occupation, or who are members of a particular religious sect. Nothing in this section prohibits any insurer from setting rates in accordance with relevant actuarial data.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13816,"edition_id":1,"name":"Liability Insurance Policies","identifier":"22","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12698,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:57","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:57","permalink":{"id":213545,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13816,"identifier":"22","token":"38.2\/22","url":"\/38.2\/22\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12698,"edition_id":1,"name":"Insurance","identifier":"38.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":210661,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12698,"identifier":"38.2","token":"38.2","url":"\/38.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":76505,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2200","catch_line":"Required provisions as to insolvency or bankruptcy, and as to when action maintained against insurer","url":"\/38.2-2200\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2200","metadata":false},{"id":82480,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2201","catch_line":"Provisions for payment of medical expense and loss of income benefits; assignment of certain benefits","url":"\/38.2-2201\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2201","metadata":false},{"id":75263,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2202","catch_line":"Required notice of optional coverage available","url":"\/38.2-2202\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2202","metadata":false},{"id":85859,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2203","catch_line":"Policy providing for reimbursement for services that may be performed by certain practitioners other than physicians","url":"\/38.2-2203\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2203","metadata":false},{"id":70028,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2204","catch_line":"Liability insurance on motor vehicles, aircraft, and watercraft; standard provisions; \"omnibus clause.\"","url":"\/38.2-2204\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2204","metadata":false},{"id":56297,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2205","catch_line":"Liability insurance on motor vehicles; standard provisions; applicability of other valid and collectible insurance","url":"\/38.2-2205\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2205","metadata":false},{"id":80304,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2205.1","catch_line":"Suspension of liability coverage at insured's request","url":"\/38.2-2205.1\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2205.1","metadata":false},{"id":76965,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2206","catch_line":"Uninsured motorist insurance coverage","url":"\/38.2-2206\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2206","metadata":false},{"id":62972,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2207","catch_line":"No policy to exclude coverage to employee","url":"\/38.2-2207\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2207","metadata":false},{"id":80121,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2208","catch_line":"Notices of cancellation of or refusal to renew motor vehicle insurance policies","url":"\/38.2-2208\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2208","metadata":false},{"id":76452,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2209","catch_line":"Motor vehicle liability medical benefit insurer not to retain right of subrogation to recover from third party","url":"\/38.2-2209\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2209","metadata":false},{"id":75993,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2210","catch_line":"Warning concerning cancellation to appear on application for motor vehicle liability insurance; reason for cancellation or nonrenewal required on application","url":"\/38.2-2210\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2210","metadata":false},{"id":61927,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2211","catch_line":"Motor vehicle liability insurer not to receive credit for other medical expense insurance","url":"\/38.2-2211\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2211","metadata":false},{"id":80817,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2212","catch_line":"Grounds and procedure for cancellation of or refusal to renew motor vehicle insurance policies; review by Commissioner","url":"\/38.2-2212\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2212","metadata":false},{"id":71236,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2212.1","catch_line":"Powers of Commission; replacement policies","url":"\/38.2-2212.1\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2212.1","metadata":false},{"id":57322,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2213","catch_line":"Discrimination in issuance of motor vehicle insurance","url":"\/38.2-2213\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2213","metadata":false},{"id":55969,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2213.1","catch_line":"Certain action prohibited when motor vehicle owner fails to allow access to recorded data from recording device","url":"\/38.2-2213.1\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2213.1","metadata":false},{"id":72056,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2214","catch_line":"Statement defining rate classifications to be provided by insurer to insured","url":"\/38.2-2214\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2214","metadata":false},{"id":56175,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2215","catch_line":"Failure to issue or failure to renew motor vehicle liability insurance on the basis of a motor vehicle's age prohibited","url":"\/38.2-2215\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2215","metadata":false},{"id":77698,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2216","catch_line":"Medical benefit offset against liability or uninsured motorist coverage prohibited","url":"\/38.2-2216\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2216","metadata":false},{"id":66919,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2217","catch_line":"Reduction in rates for certain persons who attend mature driver motor vehicle crash prevention courses and driver improvement clinics","url":"\/38.2-2217\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2217","metadata":false},{"id":62782,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2217.1","catch_line":"Insurers required to renew motor vehicle liability coverage for vanpools; exceptions","url":"\/38.2-2217.1\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2217.1","metadata":false},{"id":75945,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2218","catch_line":"Adoption of standard forms for motor vehicle insurance","url":"\/38.2-2218\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2218","metadata":false},{"id":65638,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2219","catch_line":"Hearing on objections to the form","url":"\/38.2-2219\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2219","metadata":false},{"id":68775,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2220","catch_line":"Use of form after adoption","url":"\/38.2-2220\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2220","metadata":false},{"id":77162,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2221","catch_line":"Amendment of standard form","url":"\/38.2-2221\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2221","metadata":false},{"id":68996,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2222","catch_line":"Withdrawal of form","url":"\/38.2-2222\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2222","metadata":false},{"id":73915,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2223","catch_line":"Variations of, or additions to, form","url":"\/38.2-2223\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2223","metadata":false},{"id":67966,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2224","catch_line":"Commission to establish guidelines for filing readable motor vehicle insurance policy forms","url":"\/38.2-2224\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2224","metadata":false},{"id":70751,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2225","catch_line":"Sending copies of orders to companies affected","url":"\/38.2-2225\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2225","metadata":false},{"id":79233,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2226","catch_line":"Insurer to give notice to claimant of intention to rely on certain defenses and of execution of nonwaiver of rights agreement","url":"\/38.2-2226\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2226","metadata":false},{"id":64295,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2226.1","catch_line":"Insurer to give notice of settlement of claim","url":"\/38.2-2226.1\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2226.1","metadata":false},{"id":75189,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2227","catch_line":"Aircraft liability policy not to deny coverage for violation of federal or civil regulations, etc.; permitted exclusions or conditions","url":"\/38.2-2227\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2227","metadata":false},{"id":54902,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2228","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/38.2-2228\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2228","metadata":false},{"id":54970,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2228.2","catch_line":"Certain medical malpractice claims to be reported to the Commission","url":"\/38.2-2228.2\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2228.2","metadata":false},{"id":76107,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2229","catch_line":"Claims-made liability insurance","url":"\/38.2-2229\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2229","metadata":false},{"id":71578,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2230","catch_line":"Mandatory offer of rental reimbursement coverage","url":"\/38.2-2230\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2230","metadata":false},{"id":81873,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2231","catch_line":"Physical damage arbitration between insurers; alternate forums","url":"\/38.2-2231\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2231","metadata":false},{"id":54821,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2232","catch_line":"Liability insurance on private pleasure watercraft; optional coverage","url":"\/38.2-2232\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2232","metadata":false},{"id":69145,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2233","catch_line":"Installment payments of motor vehicle insurance","url":"\/38.2-2233\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2233","metadata":false},{"id":83935,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2234","catch_line":"Insurance credit score disclosure; use of credit information","url":"\/38.2-2234\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2234","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":71236,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2212.1","catch_line":"Powers of Commission; replacement policies","url":"\/38.2-2212.1\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2212.1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":55969,"structure_id":13816,"section_number":"38.2-2213.1","catch_line":"Certain action prohibited when motor vehicle owner fails to allow access to recorded data from recording device","url":"\/38.2-2213.1\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2213.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/38.2-2213\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1976. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 495 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1976 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 5 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1977, chapter 181; in 1983, chapter 61; in 1986, chapter 562; in 2019, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?191+ful+CHAP0334\">334<\/a>; in 2020, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?201+ful+CHAP1137\">1137<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":80817,"section_number":"38.2-2212","catch_line":"Grounds and procedure for cancellation of or refusal to renew motor vehicle insurance policies; review by Commissioner","order_by":null,"url":"\/38.2-2212\/"}],"permalink":{"id":213607,"object_type":"law","relational_id":57322,"identifier":"38.2-2213","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2213","url":"\/38.2-2213\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/38.2-2213\/","token":"38.2\/22\/38.2-2213","dublin_core":{"Title":"Discrimination in issuance of motor vehicle insurance","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 38.2-2213","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>No <span class=\"dictionary\">insurer<\/span> or agent shall refuse to <span class=\"dictionary\">issue<\/span> a motor vehicle insurance policy as defined in \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Grounds and procedure for cancellation of or refusal to renew motor vehicle insurance policies; review by Commissioner\" href=\"\/38.2-2212\/\">38.2-2212<\/a> solely because of any one or more of the following factors: the age, sex, residence, race, color, creed, national origin, ancestry, marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, status of a <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> as a foster care provider or a <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> in foster care, or lawful occupation, including the military service, of the <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> seeking the coverage. Nothing in this section prohibits any <span class=\"dictionary\">insurer<\/span> from limiting the issuance of motor vehicle <span class=\"dictionary\">insurance policies<\/span> to those who are residents of this Commonwealth nor does this section prohibit any <span class=\"dictionary\">insurer<\/span> from limiting the issuance of motor vehicle <span class=\"dictionary\">insurance policies<\/span> only to <span class=\"dictionary\">persons<\/span> engaging in or who have engaged in a particular profession or occupation, or who are members of a particular religious sect. Nothing in this section prohibits any <span class=\"dictionary\">insurer<\/span> from setting <span class=\"dictionary\"><span class=\"dictionary\">rates<\/span><\/span> in accordance with relevant actuarial data.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nDISCRIMINATION IN ISSUANCE OF MOTOR VEHICLE INSURANCE (\u00a7 38.2-2213)\n\nNo insurer or agent shall refuse to issue a motor vehicle insurance policy as\ndefined in \u00a7 38.2-2212 solely because of any one or more of the following\nfactors: the age, sex, residence, race, color, creed, national origin, ancestry,\nmarital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, status of a person as a\nfoster care provider or a person in foster care, or lawful occupation, including\nthe military service, of the person seeking the coverage. Nothing in this\nsection prohibits any insurer from limiting the issuance of motor vehicle\ninsurance policies to those who are residents of this Commonwealth nor does this\nsection prohibit any insurer from limiting the issuance of motor vehicle\ninsurance policies only to persons engaging in or who have engaged in a\nparticular profession or occupation, or who are members of a particular\nreligious sect. Nothing in this section prohibits any insurer from setting rates\nin accordance with relevant actuarial data.\n\nHISTORY: 1976, c. 495, \u00a7 38.1-381.6; 1977, c. 181; 1983, c. 61; 1986, c. 562;\n2019, c. 334; 2020, c. 1137.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}