{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/38.2-601.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/38.2-601.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/38.2-601.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/38.2-601.html"}],"law_id":61470,"edition_id":1,"section_id":61470,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-601","catch_line":"Application of article","history":"1981, c. 389, \u00a7 38.1-57.4; 1986, c. 562; 2001, c. 371; 2020, c. 264.","full_text":"A\n\nThe obligations imposed by this article shall apply to those insurance institutions, agents or insurance-support organizations that:1\n\nIn the case of life or accident and sickness insurance:\n\t\t\t\ta. Collect, receive or maintain information in connection with insurance transactions that pertains to natural persons who are residents of the Commonwealth; or\n\t\t\t\tb. Engage in insurance transactions with applicants, individuals, or policyholders who are residents of the Commonwealth; and2\n\nIn the case of property or casualty insurance:\n\t\t\t\ta. Collect, receive or maintain information in connection with insurance transactions involving policies, contracts or certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth; or\n\t\t\t\tb. Engage in insurance transactions involving policies, contracts or certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth.B\n\nThe rights granted by this article shall extend to:1\n\nIn the case of life or accident and sickness insurance, the following persons who are residents of the Commonwealth:\n\t\t\t\ta. Natural persons who are the subject of information collected, received or maintained in connection with insurance transactions; and\n\t\t\t\tb. Applicants, individuals or policyholders who engage in or seek to engage in insurance transactions; and2\n\nIn the case of property or casualty insurance, the following persons:\n\t\t\t\ta. Natural persons who are the subject of information collected, received or maintained in connection with insurance transactions involving policies, contracts or certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth; and\n\t\t\t\tb. Applicants, individuals, or policyholders who engage in or seek to engage in insurance transactions involving policies, contracts or certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth.C\n\nFor purposes of this section, a person shall be considered a resident of the Commonwealth if the person’s last known mailing address, as shown in the records of the insurance institution, agent or insurance-support organization, is located in the Commonwealth.D\n\nNotwithstanding subsections A and B, this article shall not apply to information collected from the public records of a governmental authority and maintained by an insurance institution or its representatives for the purpose of insuring the title to real property located in the Commonwealth.E\n\nThe provisions of this article shall apply only to insurance purchased primarily for personal, family or household purposes.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":224518,"text":"The obligations imposed by this article shall apply to those insurance institutions, agents or insurance-support organizations that:","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"A1"},"1":{"id":224519,"text":"In the case of life or accident and sickness insurance:\n\t\t\t\ta. Collect, receive or maintain information in connection with insurance transactions that pertains to natural persons who are residents of the Commonwealth; or\n\t\t\t\tb. Engage in insurance transactions with applicants, individuals, or policyholders who are residents of the Commonwealth; and","type":"section","prefixes":["A","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"A1","prefix_anchor":"A1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"A2"},"2":{"id":224520,"text":"In the case of property or casualty insurance:\n\t\t\t\ta. Collect, receive or maintain information in connection with insurance transactions involving policies, contracts or certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth; or\n\t\t\t\tb. Engage in insurance transactions involving policies, contracts or certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth.","type":"section","prefixes":["A","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"A2","prefix_anchor":"A2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A1","next_prefix":"B"},"3":{"id":224521,"text":"The rights granted by this article shall extend to:","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A2","next_prefix":"B1"},"4":{"id":224522,"text":"In the case of life or accident and sickness insurance, the following persons who are residents of the Commonwealth:\n\t\t\t\ta. Natural persons who are the subject of information collected, received or maintained in connection with insurance transactions; and\n\t\t\t\tb. Applicants, individuals or policyholders who engage in or seek to engage in insurance transactions; and","type":"section","prefixes":["B","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"B1","prefix_anchor":"B1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"B2"},"5":{"id":224523,"text":"In the case of property or casualty insurance, the following persons:\n\t\t\t\ta. Natural persons who are the subject of information collected, received or maintained in connection with insurance transactions involving policies, contracts or certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth; and\n\t\t\t\tb. Applicants, individuals, or policyholders who engage in or seek to engage in insurance transactions involving policies, contracts or certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"B2","prefix_anchor":"B2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B1","next_prefix":"C"},"6":{"id":224524,"text":"For purposes of this section, a person shall be considered a resident of the Commonwealth if the person’s last known mailing address, as shown in the records of the insurance institution, agent or insurance-support organization, is located in the Commonwealth.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B2","next_prefix":"D"},"7":{"id":224525,"text":"Notwithstanding subsections A and B, this article shall not apply to information collected from the public records of a governmental authority and maintained by an insurance institution or its representatives for the purpose of insuring the title to real property located in the Commonwealth.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C","next_prefix":"E"},"8":{"id":224526,"text":"The provisions of this article shall apply only to insurance purchased primarily for personal, family or household purposes.","type":"section","prefixes":["E"],"prefix":"E","entire_prefix":"E","prefix_anchor":"E","level":1,"prior_prefix":"D"}},"ancestry":[{"id":14255,"edition_id":1,"name":"Collection, Use, and Dissemination of Information","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12922,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:47:28","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:47:28","permalink":{"id":218015,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14255,"identifier":"1","token":"38.2\/6\/1","url":"\/38.2\/6\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12922,"edition_id":1,"name":"Insurance Information and Privacy Protection","identifier":"6","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12698,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","permalink":{"id":218013,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12922,"identifier":"6","token":"38.2\/6","url":"\/38.2\/6\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12698,"edition_id":1,"name":"Insurance","identifier":"38.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":210661,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12698,"identifier":"38.2","token":"38.2","url":"\/38.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":64742,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-600","catch_line":"Purposes","url":"\/38.2-600\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-600","metadata":false},{"id":61470,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-601","catch_line":"Application of article","url":"\/38.2-601\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-601","metadata":false},{"id":73837,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-602","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/38.2-602\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-602","metadata":false},{"id":63985,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-603","catch_line":"Pretext interviews","url":"\/38.2-603\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-603","metadata":false},{"id":85852,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-604","catch_line":"Notice of information collection and disclosure practices","url":"\/38.2-604\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-604","metadata":false},{"id":64388,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-604.1","catch_line":"Notice of financial information collection and disclosure practices","url":"\/38.2-604.1\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-604.1","metadata":false},{"id":79870,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-605","catch_line":"Marketing and research surveys","url":"\/38.2-605\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-605","metadata":false},{"id":64763,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-606","catch_line":"Content of disclosure authorization forms","url":"\/38.2-606\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-606","metadata":false},{"id":69670,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-607","catch_line":"Investigative consumer reports","url":"\/38.2-607\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-607","metadata":false},{"id":81752,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-608","catch_line":"Access to recorded personal information","url":"\/38.2-608\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-608","metadata":false},{"id":56196,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-609","catch_line":"Correction, amendment, or deletion of recorded personal information","url":"\/38.2-609\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-609","metadata":false},{"id":83133,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-610","catch_line":"Notice of adverse underwriting decision; furnishing reasons for decisions and sources of information","url":"\/38.2-610\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-610","metadata":false},{"id":77789,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-611","catch_line":"Information concerning previous adverse underwriting decisions","url":"\/38.2-611\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-611","metadata":false},{"id":60819,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-612","catch_line":"Bases for adverse underwriting decisions","url":"\/38.2-612\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-612","metadata":false},{"id":64433,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-612.1","catch_line":"Special requirements for providing financial information to nonaffiliated third parties","url":"\/38.2-612.1\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-612.1","metadata":false},{"id":56355,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-612.2","catch_line":"Protection of the Fair Credit Reporting Act","url":"\/38.2-612.2\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-612.2","metadata":false},{"id":55493,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-613","catch_line":"Disclosure limitations and conditions","url":"\/38.2-613\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-613","metadata":false},{"id":85509,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-613.01","catch_line":"Commission to promulgate regulations on disclosure of certain medical test results to insurance applicants","url":"\/38.2-613.01\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-613.01","metadata":false},{"id":58399,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-613.1","catch_line":"Disclosure of agent's moratorium required","url":"\/38.2-613.1\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-613.1","metadata":false},{"id":73940,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-613.2","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/38.2-613.2\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-613.2","metadata":false},{"id":78057,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-614","catch_line":"Powers of Commission","url":"\/38.2-614\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-614","metadata":false},{"id":84055,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-615","catch_line":"Hearings and procedures","url":"\/38.2-615\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-615","metadata":false},{"id":68943,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-616","catch_line":"Service of process on insurance-support organizations","url":"\/38.2-616\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-616","metadata":false},{"id":73310,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-617","catch_line":"Individual remedies","url":"\/38.2-617\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-617","metadata":false},{"id":67050,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-618","catch_line":"Immunity of persons disclosing information","url":"\/38.2-618\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-618","metadata":false},{"id":79983,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-619","catch_line":"Obtaining information under false pretenses","url":"\/38.2-619\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-619","metadata":false},{"id":78715,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-620","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/38.2-620\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-620","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":64742,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-600","catch_line":"Purposes","url":"\/38.2-600\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-600","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":73837,"structure_id":14255,"section_number":"38.2-602","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/38.2-602\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-602","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/38.2-601\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1981. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 389 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1981 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1986, chapter 562; in 2001, chapter 371<\/a>; in 2020, chapter 264<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":218021,"object_type":"law","relational_id":61470,"identifier":"38.2-601","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-601","url":"\/38.2-601\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/38.2-601\/","token":"38.2\/6\/1\/38.2-601","dublin_core":{"Title":"Application of article","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 38.2-601","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> The obligations imposed by this article shall apply to those insurance institutions<\/span>, agents<\/span> or insurance-support organizations<\/span><\/span> that: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> In the case of life or accident and sickness insurance:\n\t\t\t\ta. Collect, receive or maintain information in connection with insurance transactions<\/span> that pertains to natural persons<\/span> who are residents of the Commonwealth; or\n\t\t\t\tb. Engage in insurance transactions<\/span> with applicants<\/span>, individuals<\/span>, or policyholders<\/span> who are residents of the Commonwealth; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> In the case of property or casualty insurance:\n\t\t\t\ta. Collect, receive or maintain information in connection with insurance transactions<\/span> involving policies, contracts<\/span> or certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth; or\n\t\t\t\tb. Engage in insurance transactions<\/span> involving policies, contracts<\/span> or certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> The rights granted by this article shall extend to: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> In the case of life or accident and sickness insurance, the following persons<\/span> who are residents of the Commonwealth:\n\t\t\t\ta. Natural persons<\/span> who are the subject of information collected, received or maintained in connection with insurance transactions<\/span>; and\n\t\t\t\tb. Applicants<\/span>, individuals<\/span> or policyholders<\/span> who engage in or seek to engage in insurance transactions<\/span>; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> In the case of property or casualty insurance, the following persons<\/span>:\n\t\t\t\ta. Natural persons<\/span> who are the subject of information collected, received or maintained in connection with insurance transactions<\/span> involving policies, contracts<\/span> or certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth; and\n\t\t\t\tb. Applicants<\/span>, individuals<\/span>, or policyholders<\/span> who engage in or seek to engage in insurance transactions<\/span> involving policies, contracts<\/span> or certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> For purposes of this section, a person<\/span> shall be considered a resident of the Commonwealth if the person<\/span>’s last known mailing address, as shown in the records of the insurance institution<\/span>, agent<\/span> or insurance-support organization<\/span>, is located in the Commonwealth. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

D.<\/span> Notwithstanding subsections A and B, this article shall not apply to information collected from the public records of a governmental authority and maintained by an insurance institution<\/span> or its representatives for the purpose of insuring the title to real property located in the Commonwealth. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

E.<\/span> The provisions of this article shall apply only to insurance purchased primarily for personal, family or household purposes. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nAPPLICATION OF ARTICLE (\u00a7 38.2-601)\n\nA. The obligations imposed by this article shall apply to those insurance\ninstitutions, agents or insurance-support organizations that:\n\n 1. In the case of life or accident and sickness insurance:\n \t\t\t\ta. Collect, receive or maintain information in connection with insurance\n transactions that pertains to natural persons who are residents of the\n Commonwealth; or\n \t\t\t\tb. Engage in insurance transactions with applicants, individuals, or\n policyholders who are residents of the Commonwealth; and\n\n 2. In the case of property or casualty insurance:\n \t\t\t\ta. Collect, receive or maintain information in connection with insurance\n transactions involving policies, contracts or certificates of insurance\n delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth; or\n \t\t\t\tb. Engage in insurance transactions involving policies, contracts or\n certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the\n Commonwealth.\n\nB. The rights granted by this article shall extend to:\n\n 1. In the case of life or accident and sickness insurance, the following\n persons who are residents of the Commonwealth:\n \t\t\t\ta. Natural persons who are the subject of information collected, received\n or maintained in connection with insurance transactions; and\n \t\t\t\tb. Applicants, individuals or policyholders who engage in or seek to\n engage in insurance transactions; and\n\n 2. In the case of property or casualty insurance, the following persons:\n \t\t\t\ta. Natural persons who are the subject of information collected, received\n or maintained in connection with insurance transactions involving policies,\n contracts or certificates of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or\n renewed in the Commonwealth; and\n \t\t\t\tb. Applicants, individuals, or policyholders who engage in or seek to\n engage in insurance transactions involving policies, contracts or certificates\n of insurance delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in the Commonwealth.\n\nC. For purposes of this section, a person shall be considered a resident of the\nCommonwealth if the person’s last known mailing address, as shown in the\nrecords of the insurance institution, agent or insurance-support organization,\nis located in the Commonwealth.\n\nD. Notwithstanding subsections A and B, this article shall not apply to\ninformation collected from the public records of a governmental authority and\nmaintained by an insurance institution or its representatives for the purpose of\ninsuring the title to real property located in the Commonwealth.\n\nE. The provisions of this article shall apply only to insurance purchased\nprimarily for personal, family or household purposes.\n\nHISTORY: 1981, c. 389, \u00a7 38.1-57.4; 1986, c. 562; 2001, c. 371; 2020, c. 264.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}