{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/40.1-28.01.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/40.1-28.01.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/40.1-28.01.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/40.1-28.01.html"}],"law_id":68891,"edition_id":1,"section_id":68891,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.01","catch_line":"Nondisclosure or confidentiality agreement; provisions regarding sexual assault or sexual harassment; condition of employment","history":"2019, c. 131; 2023, c. 511.","full_text":"A\n\nNo employer shall require an employee or a prospective employee to execute or renew any provision in a nondisclosure or confidentiality agreement, including any provision relating to nondisparagement, that has the purpose or effect of concealing the details relating to a claim of sexual assault pursuant to &#xA7; 18.2-61, 18.2-67.1, 18.2-67.3, or 18.2-67.4 or a claim of sexual harassment as defined in &#xA7; 30-129.4 as a condition of employment. Any such provision is against public policy and is void and unenforceable.B\n\nThis section shall in no way limit other grounds that exist at law or in equity for the unenforceability of any such agreement or any provision of such agreement.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":249381,"text":"No employer shall require an employee or a prospective employee to execute or renew any provision in a nondisclosure or confidentiality agreement, including any provision relating to nondisparagement, that has the purpose or effect of concealing the details relating to a claim of sexual assault pursuant to &#xA7; 18.2-61, 18.2-67.1, 18.2-67.3, or 18.2-67.4 or a claim of sexual harassment as defined in &#xA7; 30-129.4 as a condition of employment. Any such provision is against public policy and is void and unenforceable.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":249382,"text":"This section shall in no way limit other grounds that exist at law or in equity for the unenforceability of any such agreement or any provision of such agreement.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13640,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12777,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:27","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:27","permalink":{"id":219807,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13640,"identifier":"1","token":"40.1\/3\/1","url":"\/40.1\/3\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12777,"edition_id":1,"name":"Protection of Employees","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12776,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":219805,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12777,"identifier":"3","token":"40.1\/3","url":"\/40.1\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12776,"edition_id":1,"name":"Labor and Employment","identifier":"40.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":219723,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12776,"identifier":"40.1","token":"40.1","url":"\/40.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":77584,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-22","catch_line":"Safety and Health Codes Commission continued as Safety and Health Codes Board","url":"\/40.1-22\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-22","metadata":false},{"id":67414,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-22.1","catch_line":"Governor authorized to enter certain agreements","url":"\/40.1-22.1\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-22.1","metadata":false},{"id":64288,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-23","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/40.1-23\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-23","metadata":false},{"id":66063,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-26","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/40.1-26\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-26","metadata":false},{"id":56917,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-27","catch_line":"Preventing employment by others of former employee","url":"\/40.1-27\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-27","metadata":false},{"id":54740,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-27.1","catch_line":"Discharge of employee for absence due to work-related injury prohibited","url":"\/40.1-27.1\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-27.1","metadata":false},{"id":74658,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-27.2","catch_line":"Preference for veterans and spouses","url":"\/40.1-27.2\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-27.2","metadata":false},{"id":82455,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-27.3","catch_line":"Retaliatory action against employee prohibited","url":"\/40.1-27.3\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-27.3","metadata":false},{"id":78662,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-27.4","catch_line":"Discipline for employee's medicinal use of cannabis oil prohibited","url":"\/40.1-27.4\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-27.4","metadata":false},{"id":70077,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28","catch_line":"Unlawful to require payment for medical examination as condition of employment","url":"\/40.1-28\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28","metadata":false},{"id":68891,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.01","catch_line":"Nondisclosure or confidentiality agreement; provisions regarding sexual assault or sexual harassment; condition of employment","url":"\/40.1-28.01\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.01","metadata":false},{"id":60284,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/40.1-28.1\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.1","metadata":false},{"id":63131,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.5","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/40.1-28.5\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.5","metadata":false},{"id":79328,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.6","catch_line":"Equal pay irrespective of sex","url":"\/40.1-28.6\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.6","metadata":false},{"id":68884,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.7","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/40.1-28.7\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.7","metadata":false},{"id":64716,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.7:1","catch_line":"Genetic testing or genetic characteristics as a condition of employment","url":"\/40.1-28.7_1\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.7_1","metadata":false},{"id":74612,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.7:10","catch_line":"Prohibited use of employee's social security number; civil penalty","url":"\/40.1-28.7_10\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.7_10","metadata":false},{"id":63600,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.7:11","catch_line":"Veterans benefits and services poster","url":"\/40.1-28.7_11\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.7_11","metadata":false},{"id":81572,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.7:2","catch_line":"Employers to allow crime victims leave to attend criminal proceedings","url":"\/40.1-28.7_2\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.7_2","metadata":false},{"id":55131,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.7:3","catch_line":"Earned income tax credit; employer notice to employee","url":"\/40.1-28.7_3\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.7_3","metadata":false},{"id":54612,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.7:4","catch_line":"Release of employee's personal identifying information","url":"\/40.1-28.7_4\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.7_4","metadata":false},{"id":79093,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.7:5","catch_line":"Social media accounts of current and prospective employees","url":"\/40.1-28.7_5\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.7_5","metadata":false},{"id":80547,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.7:6","catch_line":"Employers to allow leave for volunteer members of Civil Air Patrol; civil remedy","url":"\/40.1-28.7_6\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.7_6","metadata":false},{"id":81771,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.7:7","catch_line":"Misclassification of workers","url":"\/40.1-28.7_7\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.7_7","metadata":false},{"id":64853,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.7:8","catch_line":"Covenants not to compete prohibited; exceptions; civil penalty","url":"\/40.1-28.7_8\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.7_8","metadata":false},{"id":58507,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.7:9","catch_line":"Limiting employees' sharing wage information with other persons prohibited; civil penalty","url":"\/40.1-28.7_9\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.7_9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":70077,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28","catch_line":"Unlawful to require payment for medical examination as condition of employment","url":"\/40.1-28\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":60284,"structure_id":13640,"section_number":"40.1-28.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/40.1-28.1\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/40.1-28.01\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 2019. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?191+ful+CHAP0131\">131<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2023, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?231+ful+CHAP0511\">511<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":75662,"section_number":"18.2-61","catch_line":"Rape","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-61\/"},{"id":73623,"section_number":"18.2-67.1","catch_line":"Forcible sodomy","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-67.1\/"},{"id":85126,"section_number":"18.2-67.3","catch_line":"Aggravated sexual battery; penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-67.3\/"},{"id":67699,"section_number":"18.2-67.4","catch_line":"Sexual battery","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-67.4\/"},{"id":62475,"section_number":"30-129.4","catch_line":"Sexual harassment training required; legislative branch","order_by":null,"url":"\/30-129.4\/"}],"permalink":{"id":219849,"object_type":"law","relational_id":68891,"identifier":"40.1-28.01","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.01","url":"\/40.1-28.01\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/40.1-28.01\/","token":"40.1\/3\/1\/40.1-28.01","dublin_core":{"Title":"Nondisclosure or confidentiality agreement; provisions regarding sexual assault or sexual harassment; condition of employment","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 40.1-28.01","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> No <span class=\"dictionary\">employer<\/span> shall require an <span class=\"dictionary\">employee<\/span> or a prospective <span class=\"dictionary\">employee<\/span> to execute or renew any provision in a nondisclosure or confidentiality agreement, including any provision relating to nondisparagement, that has the purpose or effect of concealing the details relating to a claim of sexual <span class=\"dictionary\">assault<\/span> pursuant to &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Rape\" href=\"\/18.2-61\/\">18.2-61<\/a>, <a class=\"law\" title=\"Forcible sodomy\" href=\"\/18.2-67.1\/\">18.2-67.1<\/a>, <a class=\"law\" title=\"Aggravated sexual battery; penalty\" href=\"\/18.2-67.3\/\">18.2-67.3<\/a>, or <a class=\"law\" title=\"Sexual battery\" href=\"\/18.2-67.4\/\">18.2-67.4<\/a> or a claim of sexual harassment as defined in &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Sexual harassment training required; legislative branch\" href=\"\/30-129.4\/\">30-129.4<\/a> as a condition of employment. Any such provision is against public policy and is void and unenforceable. <a id=\"paragraph-249381\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/40.1-28.01\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> This section shall in no way limit other grounds that exist at <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span> or in <span class=\"dictionary\">equity<\/span> for the unenforceability of any such agreement or any provision of such agreement. <a id=\"paragraph-249382\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/40.1-28.01\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nNONDISCLOSURE OR CONFIDENTIALITY AGREEMENT; PROVISIONS REGARDING SEXUAL ASSAULT\nOR SEXUAL HARASSMENT; CONDITION OF EMPLOYMENT (\u00a7 40.1-28.01)\n\nA. No employer shall require an employee or a prospective employee to execute or\nrenew any provision in a nondisclosure or confidentiality agreement, including\nany provision relating to nondisparagement, that has the purpose or effect of\nconcealing the details relating to a claim of sexual assault pursuant to &#xA7;\n18.2-61, 18.2-67.1, 18.2-67.3, or 18.2-67.4 or a claim of sexual harassment as\ndefined in &#xA7; 30-129.4 as a condition of employment. Any such provision is\nagainst public policy and is void and unenforceable.\n\nB. This section shall in no way limit other grounds that exist at law or in\nequity for the unenforceability of any such agreement or any provision of such\nagreement.\n\nHISTORY: 2019, c. 131; 2023, c. 511.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}