{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/45.2-1614.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/45.2-1614.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/45.2-1614.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/45.2-1614.html"}],"law_id":76594,"edition_id":1,"section_id":76594,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1614","catch_line":" Additional duties and responsibilities of the Board","history":"1982, c. 347, \u00a7 45.1-296; 1987, c. 452; 1990, c. 92, \u00a7 45.1-361.15; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 387.","full_text":"A\n\nIn executing its duties under this chapter, the Board shall:1\n\nFoster, encourage, and promote the safe and efficient exploration for and development, production, and conservation of gas and oil resources located in the Commonwealth;2\n\nAdminister a method of gas and oil conservation for the purpose of maximizing exploration, development, production, and utilization of gas and oil resources;3\n\nAdminister procedures for the recognition and protection of the rights of gas or oil owners with interests in gas or oil resources contained within a pool;4\n\nPromote the maximum production and recovery of coal without substantially affecting the right of a gas owner proposing a gas well to explore for and produce gas; and5\n\nHear and decide appeals of the Director’s decisions and orders issued under Article 3 (§ 45.2-1629 et seq.).B\n\nWithout limiting its general authority, the Board has the specific authority to issue regulations or orders pursuant to the provisions of the Administrative Process Act (\u00a7 2.2-4000 et seq.) in order to:1\n\nPrevent waste through the design, spacing, or unitization of wells, pools, or fields.2\n\nProtect correlative rights.3\n\nEnter spacing and pooling orders.4\n\nEstablish drilling units.5\n\nEstablish maximum allowable production rates for the prevention of waste and the protection of correlative rights.6\n\nProvide for the maximum recovery of coal.7\n\nClassify pools and wells as gas, oil, gas and oil, or coalbed methane gas.8\n\nCollect data, make investigations and inspections, examine property, leases, papers, books, and records, and require or provide for the keeping of records and the making of reports.9\n\nSet application fees.10\n\nGovern practices and procedures before the Board.11\n\nRequire additional data from parties to any hearing.12\n\nTake actions reasonably necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":274961,"text":"In executing its duties under this chapter, the Board shall:","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"A1"},"1":{"id":274962,"text":"Foster, encourage, and promote the safe and efficient exploration for and development, production, and conservation of gas and oil resources located in the Commonwealth;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"A1","prefix_anchor":"A1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"A2"},"2":{"id":274963,"text":"Administer a method of gas and oil conservation for the purpose of maximizing exploration, development, production, and utilization of gas and oil resources;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"A2","prefix_anchor":"A2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A1","next_prefix":"A3"},"3":{"id":274964,"text":"Administer procedures for the recognition and protection of the rights of gas or oil owners with interests in gas or oil resources contained within a pool;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"A3","prefix_anchor":"A3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A2","next_prefix":"A4"},"4":{"id":274965,"text":"Promote the maximum production and recovery of coal without substantially affecting the right of a gas owner proposing a gas well to explore for and produce gas; and","type":"section","prefixes":["A","4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"A4","prefix_anchor":"A4","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A3","next_prefix":"A5"},"5":{"id":274966,"text":"Hear and decide appeals of the Director’s decisions and orders issued under Article 3 (§ 45.2-1629 et seq.).","type":"section","prefixes":["A","5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"A5","prefix_anchor":"A5","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A4","next_prefix":"B"},"6":{"id":274967,"text":"Without limiting its general authority, the Board has the specific authority to issue regulations or orders pursuant to the provisions of the Administrative Process Act (\u00a7 2.2-4000 et seq.) in order to:","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A5","next_prefix":"B1"},"7":{"id":274968,"text":"Prevent waste through the design, spacing, or unitization of wells, pools, or fields.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"B1","prefix_anchor":"B1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"B2"},"8":{"id":274969,"text":"Protect correlative rights.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"B2","prefix_anchor":"B2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B1","next_prefix":"B3"},"9":{"id":274970,"text":"Enter spacing and pooling orders.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"B3","prefix_anchor":"B3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B2","next_prefix":"B4"},"10":{"id":274971,"text":"Establish drilling units.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"B4","prefix_anchor":"B4","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B3","next_prefix":"B5"},"11":{"id":274972,"text":"Establish maximum allowable production rates for the prevention of waste and the protection of correlative rights.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"B5","prefix_anchor":"B5","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B4","next_prefix":"B6"},"12":{"id":274973,"text":"Provide for the maximum recovery of coal.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","6"],"prefix":"6","entire_prefix":"B6","prefix_anchor":"B6","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B5","next_prefix":"B7"},"13":{"id":274974,"text":"Classify pools and wells as gas, oil, gas and oil, or coalbed methane gas.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","7"],"prefix":"7","entire_prefix":"B7","prefix_anchor":"B7","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B6","next_prefix":"B8"},"14":{"id":274975,"text":"Collect data, make investigations and inspections, examine property, leases, papers, books, and records, and require or provide for the keeping of records and the making of reports.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","8"],"prefix":"8","entire_prefix":"B8","prefix_anchor":"B8","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B7","next_prefix":"B9"},"15":{"id":274976,"text":"Set application fees.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","9"],"prefix":"9","entire_prefix":"B9","prefix_anchor":"B9","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B8","next_prefix":"B10"},"16":{"id":274977,"text":"Govern practices and procedures before the Board.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","10"],"prefix":"10","entire_prefix":"B10","prefix_anchor":"B10","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B9","next_prefix":"B11"},"17":{"id":274978,"text":"Require additional data from parties to any hearing.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","11"],"prefix":"11","entire_prefix":"B11","prefix_anchor":"B11","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B10","next_prefix":"B12"},"18":{"id":274979,"text":"Take actions reasonably necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","12"],"prefix":"12","entire_prefix":"B12","prefix_anchor":"B12","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B11"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13431,"edition_id":1,"name":"Gas and Oil Conservation","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13430,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:53","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:53","permalink":{"id":224731,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13431,"identifier":"2","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2","url":"\/45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13430,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Gas and Oil Act","identifier":"16","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13429,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:53","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:53","permalink":{"id":224675,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13430,"identifier":"16","token":"45.2\/IV\/16","url":"\/45.2\/IV\/16\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13429,"edition_id":1,"name":"Gas and Oil","identifier":"IV","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12713,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:53","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:53","permalink":{"id":224673,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13429,"identifier":"IV","token":"45.2\/IV","url":"\/45.2\/IV\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12713,"edition_id":1,"name":"Mines, Minerals, and Energy","identifier":"45.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":222539,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12713,"identifier":"45.2","token":"45.2","url":"\/45.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":76144,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1613","catch_line":" Meetings of the Board; notice; general powers and duties","url":"\/45.2-1613\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1613","metadata":false},{"id":76594,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1614","catch_line":" Additional duties and responsibilities of the Board","url":"\/45.2-1614\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1614","metadata":false},{"id":83675,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1615","catch_line":" Applicability and construction","url":"\/45.2-1615\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1615","metadata":false},{"id":59912,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1616","catch_line":" Statewide spacing of wells","url":"\/45.2-1616\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1616","metadata":false},{"id":60521,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1617","catch_line":" Voluntary pooling of interests in drilling units; validity of unit agreements","url":"\/45.2-1617\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1617","metadata":false},{"id":66948,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1618","catch_line":" Notice of hearing; standing; form of hearing","url":"\/45.2-1618\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1618","metadata":false},{"id":77291,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1619","catch_line":" Field rules and drilling units for wells; hearings and orders","url":"\/45.2-1619\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1619","metadata":false},{"id":81791,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1620","catch_line":" Pooling of interests in drilling units","url":"\/45.2-1620\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1620","metadata":false},{"id":80520,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1621","catch_line":" Coalbed methane gas; ownership","url":"\/45.2-1621\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1621","metadata":false},{"id":64077,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1622","catch_line":" Pooling of interests for coalbed methane gas wells; conflicting claims to ownership","url":"\/45.2-1622\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1622","metadata":false},{"id":72088,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1623","catch_line":" Conflicting claims of ownership; arbitration","url":"\/45.2-1623\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1623","metadata":false},{"id":54396,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1624","catch_line":" Release of funds held in escrow or suspense because of conflicting claims to coalbed methane gas","url":"\/45.2-1624\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1624","metadata":false},{"id":56696,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1625","catch_line":" Appeals of the Director's decisions; notices; hearings and orders","url":"\/45.2-1625\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1625","metadata":false},{"id":85821,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1626","catch_line":" Enforcement","url":"\/45.2-1626\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1626","metadata":false},{"id":54593,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1627","catch_line":" Standing when Director or Board fails to act","url":"\/45.2-1627\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1627","metadata":false},{"id":56231,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1628","catch_line":" Recording of orders","url":"\/45.2-1628\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1628","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":76144,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1613","catch_line":" Meetings of the Board; notice; general powers and duties","url":"\/45.2-1613\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1613","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":83675,"structure_id":13431,"section_number":"45.2-1615","catch_line":" Applicability and construction","url":"\/45.2-1615\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1615","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/45.2-1614\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1982. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 347 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1982 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1987, chapter 452; in 1990, chapter 92.<\/p>","references":[{"id":54396,"section_number":"45.2-1624","catch_line":" Release of funds held in escrow or suspense because of conflicting claims to coalbed methane gas","order_by":null,"url":"\/45.2-1624\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":86911,"section_number":"2.2-4000","catch_line":"Short title; purpose","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4000\/"},{"id":58734,"section_number":"45.2-1629","catch_line":" Duties, responsibilities, and authority of the Director","order_by":null,"url":"\/45.2-1629\/"}],"permalink":{"id":224737,"object_type":"law","relational_id":76594,"identifier":"45.2-1614","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1614","url":"\/45.2-1614\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/45.2-1614\/","token":"45.2\/IV\/16\/2\/45.2-1614","dublin_core":{"Title":" Additional duties and responsibilities of the Board","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 45.2-1614","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> In executing its duties under this chapter, the Board<\/span> shall: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Foster, encourage, and promote the safe and efficient exploration for and development, production, and conservation of gas<\/span> and oil<\/span> resources located in the Commonwealth; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> Administer a method of gas<\/span> and oil<\/span> conservation for the purpose of maximizing exploration, development, production, and utilization of gas<\/span> and oil<\/span> resources; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Administer procedures for the recognition and protection of the rights of gas or oil owners<\/span> with interests in gas or oil resources contained within a pool<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> Promote the maximum production and recovery of coal without substantially affecting the right of a gas owner proposing a gas well<\/span> to explore for and produce gas; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

5.<\/span> Hear and decide appeals<\/span> of the Director<\/span>’s decisions and orders<\/span> issued under Article 3 (§ 45.2-1629<\/a> et seq.). <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Without limiting its general authority, the Board<\/span> has the specific authority to issue<\/span> regulations or orders<\/span> pursuant to the provisions of the Administrative Process Act (\u00a7 2.2-4000<\/a> et seq.) in order<\/span> to: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Prevent waste<\/span> through the design, spacing, or unitization of wells<\/span>, pools<\/span>, or fields. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> Protect correlative rights<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Enter spacing and pooling orders<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> Establish drilling units<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

5.<\/span> Establish maximum allowable production rates for the prevention of waste<\/span> and the protection of correlative rights<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

6.<\/span> Provide for the maximum recovery of coal. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

7.<\/span> Classify pools<\/span> and wells<\/span> as gas, oil, gas and oil, or coalbed methane gas<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

8.<\/span> Collect data, make investigations and inspections, examine property, leases, papers, books, and records, and require or provide for the keeping of records and the making of reports. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

9.<\/span> Set application fees. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

10.<\/span> Govern practices and procedures before the Board<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

11.<\/span> Require additional data from parties to any hearing<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

12.<\/span> Take actions reasonably necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\n ADDITIONAL DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE BOARD (\u00a7 45.2-1614)\n\nA. In executing its duties under this chapter, the Board shall:\n\n 1. Foster, encourage, and promote the safe and efficient exploration for and\n development, production, and conservation of gas and oil resources located in\n the Commonwealth;\n\n 2. Administer a method of gas and oil conservation for the purpose of\n maximizing exploration, development, production, and utilization of gas and\n oil resources;\n\n 3. Administer procedures for the recognition and protection of the rights of\n gas or oil owners with interests in gas or oil resources contained within a\n pool;\n\n 4. Promote the maximum production and recovery of coal without substantially\n affecting the right of a gas owner proposing a gas well to explore for and\n produce gas; and\n\n 5. Hear and decide appeals of the Director’s decisions and orders issued\n under Article 3 (§ 45.2-1629 et seq.).\n\nB. Without limiting its general authority, the Board has the specific authority\nto issue regulations or orders pursuant to the provisions of the Administrative\nProcess Act (\u00a7 2.2-4000 et seq.) in order to:\n\n 1. Prevent waste through the design, spacing, or unitization of wells, pools,\n or fields.\n\n 2. Protect correlative rights.\n\n 3. Enter spacing and pooling orders.\n\n 4. Establish drilling units.\n\n 5. Establish maximum allowable production rates for the prevention of waste\n and the protection of correlative rights.\n\n 6. Provide for the maximum recovery of coal.\n\n 7. Classify pools and wells as gas, oil, gas and oil, or coalbed methane gas.\n\n 8. Collect data, make investigations and inspections, examine property,\n leases, papers, books, and records, and require or provide for the keeping of\n records and the making of reports.\n\n 9. Set application fees.\n\n 10. Govern practices and procedures before the Board.\n\n 11. Require additional data from parties to any hearing.\n\n 12. Take actions reasonably necessary to carry out the provisions of this\n chapter.\n\nHISTORY: 1982, c. 347, \u00a7 45.1-296; 1987, c. 452; 1990, c. 92, \u00a7 45.1-361.15;\n2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 387.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}